Proportion of teachers with the minimum required qualifications in lower secondary education, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) by country
The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI...
What the numbers show
Proportion of teachers with the minimum required qualifications in lower secondary education, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) is currently reported for 54 countries. The highest value is 1.22 GPIA in Nicaragua; the lowest is 0.7147 GPIA in Pakistan.
The median across all reporting countries is 1 GPIA, and the mean is 1.02 GPIA.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Over the past decade 18 countries rose and 22 fell. The largest increase was in Bahamas (up 20.1%), and the largest decrease in Belize (down 40.5%).
Proportion of teachers with the minimum required qualifications in low: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nicaragua | 1.22 GPIA | 2008 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 2 | Dominica | 1.19 GPIA | 2016 | down 12.4% | flat |
| 3 | Bahamas | 1.19 GPIA | 2018 | up 20.1% | rising |
| 4 | Ecuador | 1.16 GPIA | 2007 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 5 | Mali | 1.16 GPIA | 2018 | down 2.1% | flat |
| 6 | Saint Lucia | 1.15 GPIA | 2019 | up 2.6% | falling |
| 7 | Ghana | 1.14 GPIA | 2018 | down 10.8% | flat |
| 8 | Sierra Leone | 1.14 GPIA | 2019 | down 11.9% | falling |
| 9 | Niger | 1.09 GPIA | 2010 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 10 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1.08 GPIA | 2009 | up 10.8% | rising |
| 11 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1.08 GPIA | 2012 | up 13.1% | rising |
| 12 | Kuwait | 1.08 GPIA | 2012 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 13 | Bangladesh | 1.07 GPIA | 2019 | down 14.6% | falling |
| 14 | Barbados | 1.06 GPIA | 2019 | — | falling |
| 15 | Eritrea | 1.04 GPIA | 2013 | down 24.1% | falling |
| 16 | El Salvador | 1.04 GPIA | 2018 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 17 | Brunei | 1.04 GPIA | 2019 | up 2.2% | flat |
| 18 | Macao | 1.04 GPIA | 2019 | down 22.0% | falling |
| 19 | Cape Verde | 1.03 GPIA | 2018 | down 2.4% | flat |
| 20 | Colombia | 1.01 GPIA | 2017 | down 1.2% | flat |
| 21 | Gambia | 1.01 GPIA | 2019 | up 4.9% | flat |
| 22 | Myanmar | 1 GPIA | 2018 | up 1.2% | flat |
| 23 | Panama | 1 GPIA | 2017 | down 2.5% | falling |
| 24 | Grenada | 1 GPIA | 2018 | down 18.7% | flat |
| 25 | Mongolia | 1 GPIA | 2007 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Palestine | 1 GPIA | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Oman | 1 GPIA | 2019 | — | flat |
| 25 | Qatar | 1 GPIA | 2019 | up 18.7% | rising |
| 25 | Saudi Arabia | 1 GPIA | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Moldova | 1 GPIA | 2019 | — | flat |
| 25 | Andorra | 1 GPIA | 2012 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Cambodia | 1 GPIA | 2018 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Iran | 1 GPIA | 2017 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Croatia | 1 GPIA | 2003 | — | flat |
| 25 | Gibraltar | 1 GPIA | 2017 | down 11.7% | flat |
| 25 | Cayman Islands | 1 GPIA | 2018 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Cuba | 1 GPIA | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Bhutan | 1 GPIA | 2020 | up 0.0% | flat |
| 25 | Bermuda | 1 GPIA | 2016 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Bahrain | 1 GPIA | 2019 | down 3.0% | flat |
| 25 | United Arab Emirates | 1 GPIA | 2016 | up 2.5% | falling |
| 42 | Belarus | 1 GPIA | 2018 | up 0.2% | flat |
| 43 | Costa Rica | 0.9999 GPIA | 2019 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 44 | Laos | 0.9999 GPIA | 2019 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 45 | Vietnam | 0.9998 GPIA | 2019 | down 2.6% | flat |
| 46 | Dominican Republic | 0.9978 GPIA | 2015 | down 9.5% | falling |
| 47 | Liberia | 0.9853 GPIA | 2015 | up 1.3% | flat |
| 48 | Kiribati | 0.9806 GPIA | 2014 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 49 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.9747 GPIA | 2010 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 50 | Nepal | 0.9307 GPIA | 2019 | down 15.5% | flat |
| 51 | Maldives | 0.9283 GPIA | 2019 | down 6.9% | falling |
| 52 | Mauritania | 0.8979 GPIA | 2019 | down 10.2% | flat |
| 53 | Belize | 0.7535 GPIA | 2019 | down 40.5% | falling |
| 54 | Pakistan | 0.7147 GPIA | 2019 | — | flat |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Least developed countries: UN classification 1.17 GPIA
- IDA only 1.16 GPIA
- Caribbean Small States 1.12 GPIA
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 1.08 GPIA
- Lower middle income 1.06 GPIA
- Middle income 1.04 GPIA
- Pacific island small states 1.03 GPIA
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 1.03 GPIA
- Sub-Saharan Africa 1.03 GPIA
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 1.03 GPIA
- Early-demographic dividend 1.02 GPIA
- Arab World 0.9965 GPIA
About this data
The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/