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Gross enrolment ratio, early childhood educational development programmes, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) by country

The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI...

Countries reporting
70
Highest
1.18 GPIA
Indonesia
Lowest
0 GPIA
Senegal
Median
0.9898 GPIA
Years covered
24
1997–2020
Data points
2,956

What the numbers show

Gross enrolment ratio, early childhood educational development programmes, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) is currently reported for 70 countries. The highest value is 1.18 GPIA in Indonesia; the lowest is 0 GPIA in Senegal.

The median across all reporting countries is 0.9898 GPIA, and the mean is 0.9352 GPIA.

Over the past decade 11 countries rose and 15 fell. The largest increase was in British Virgin Islands (up 9.9%), and the largest decrease in Mongolia (down 100.0%).

Gross enrolment ratio, early childhood educational development: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Indonesia 1.18 GPIA 2018 up 3.8% rising
2 Cambodia 1.13 GPIA 2012 — volatile
3 Namibia 1.11 GPIA 2018 — volatile
4 Equatorial Guinea 1.07 GPIA 2015 — volatile
5 Saint Lucia 1.06 GPIA 2019 — volatile
6 Puerto Rico 1.06 GPIA 2013 — volatile
7 Rwanda 1.05 GPIA 2019 — volatile
8 Kazakhstan 1.03 GPIA 2019 — volatile
9 Panama 1.03 GPIA 2017 — volatile
10 North Macedonia 1.03 GPIA 2018 — volatile
11 El Salvador 1.02 GPIA 2018 — volatile
12 Peru 1.02 GPIA 2019 — volatile
13 Ghana 1.02 GPIA 2019 down 0.2% flat
14 Latvia 1.02 GPIA 2018 up 1.7% flat
15 Dominica 1.02 GPIA 2019 — volatile
16 Thailand 1.01 GPIA 2019 down 3.4% flat
17 Serbia 1.01 GPIA 2019 up 0.6% flat
18 Ireland 1.01 GPIA 2018 — volatile
19 Mauritius 1.01 GPIA 2019 — volatile
20 Austria 1 GPIA 2018 up 0.6% flat
21 Antigua and Barbuda 1 GPIA 2018 up 3.5% falling
22 Finland 1 GPIA 2018 — volatile
23 Moldova 1 GPIA 2019 — volatile
24 Estonia 1 GPIA 2018 — volatile
25 Norway 0.9984 GPIA 2018 — volatile
26 Germany 0.9978 GPIA 2018 down 0.8% flat
27 Slovenia 0.9976 GPIA 2018 down 0.8% flat
28 Lithuania 0.996 GPIA 2018 down 1.1% flat
29 Cayman Islands 0.9956 GPIA 2018 down 6.4% flat
30 Croatia 0.9934 GPIA 2018 — volatile
31 Morocco 0.9931 GPIA 2019 — volatile
32 Uruguay 0.9922 GPIA 2018 — volatile
33 South Korea 0.9919 GPIA 2018 — volatile
34 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.9917 GPIA 2016 down 3.7% falling
35 Vietnam 0.9903 GPIA 2019 — volatile
36 Grenada 0.9893 GPIA 2017 — volatile
37 Hungary 0.9864 GPIA 2018 — volatile
38 Belarus 0.9851 GPIA 2018 up 1.0% flat
39 British Virgin Islands 0.9847 GPIA 2018 up 9.9% volatile
40 Sweden 0.9836 GPIA 2018 down 1.5% flat
41 San Marino 0.9801 GPIA 2019 — volatile
42 Guatemala 0.9796 GPIA 2019 — volatile
43 Laos 0.9794 GPIA 2019 up 0.4% flat
44 Chile 0.9789 GPIA 2018 — volatile
45 Spain 0.9777 GPIA 2018 — volatile
46 Russia 0.9767 GPIA 2018 up 4.4% flat
47 Montenegro 0.9766 GPIA 2019 up 2.1% falling
48 Denmark 0.9765 GPIA 2018 — volatile
49 Israel 0.9738 GPIA 2018 — volatile
50 Australia 0.9737 GPIA 2018 — volatile
51 Kyrgyzstan 0.9728 GPIA 2019 — volatile
52 Mexico 0.9707 GPIA 2018 — volatile
53 Argentina 0.9682 GPIA 2017 down 1.3% flat
54 Cuba 0.9669 GPIA 2019 down 14.5% flat
55 Venezuela 0.9663 GPIA 2017 down 3.6% falling
56 Jamaica 0.9529 GPIA 2019 — volatile
57 Iceland 0.9501 GPIA 2018 — volatile
58 Azerbaijan 0.9492 GPIA 2019 up 2.1% rising
59 Sao Tome and Principe 0.947 GPIA 2016 down 13.4% volatile
60 Romania 0.9424 GPIA 2018 — volatile
61 United Arab Emirates 0.9361 GPIA 2016 — volatile
62 Cyprus 0.9343 GPIA 2018 — volatile
63 Bahrain 0.9314 GPIA 2019 down 26.5% rising
64 Costa Rica 0.899 GPIA 2019 down 11.3% flat
65 Qatar 0.8622 GPIA 2019 — volatile
66 Turkey 0.7649 GPIA 2018 — falling
67 Benin 0 GPIA 2019 — volatile
67 Eritrea 0 GPIA 2018 — volatile
67 Mongolia 0 GPIA 2018 down 100.0% volatile
67 Senegal 0 GPIA 2019 — volatile

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

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Gross enrolment ratio, early childhood educational development by country. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 24 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/gross-enrolment-ratio-early-childhood-educational-development-programmes-adjusted-gender/

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About this data

Indicator
Gross enrolment ratio, early childhood educational development programmes, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA)
Unit
GPIA
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
207 places, 2,956 data points, 1997–2020
Last refreshed

The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/