Statizoid

Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) by country

The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI...

Countries reporting
185
Highest
1.24 GPIA
Somalia
Lowest
0.786 GPIA
Afghanistan
Median
1 GPIA
Years covered
51
1970–2020
Data points
6,886

What the numbers show

Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) is currently reported for 185 countries. The highest value is 1.24 GPIA in Somalia; the lowest is 0.786 GPIA in Afghanistan.

The median across all reporting countries is 1 GPIA, and the mean is 1.01 GPIA.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.

Over the past decade 85 countries rose and 94 fell. The largest increase was in Somalia (up 44.3%), and the largest decrease in Mozambique (down 23.1%).

Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Somalia 1.24 GPIA 1986 up 44.3% rising
2 Georgia 1.17 GPIA 2007 up 9.1% rising
3 Turks and Caicos Islands 1.15 GPIA 2018 up 11.7% flat
4 Palau 1.15 GPIA 2014 down 2.0% flat
5 Senegal 1.11 GPIA 2019 down 1.2% rising
6 Azerbaijan 1.11 GPIA 2019 up 9.7% rising
7 Antigua and Barbuda 1.1 GPIA 2018 up 10.8% falling
8 Sierra Leone 1.1 GPIA 2019 up 5.4% flat
9 Madagascar 1.1 GPIA 2019 up 6.4% rising
10 Gibraltar 1.09 GPIA 2019 — rising
11 Sao Tome and Principe 1.09 GPIA 2016 up 4.6% flat
12 Bahamas 1.08 GPIA 2018 up 6.0% rising
13 Gambia 1.07 GPIA 2019 up 3.9% rising
14 Bahrain 1.07 GPIA 2019 up 6.8% rising
15 Fiji 1.07 GPIA 2009 up 5.6% rising
16 Tonga 1.06 GPIA 2015 down 17.2% falling
17 Kuwait 1.06 GPIA 2019 up 8.6% rising
18 Dominica 1.06 GPIA 2019 up 2.7% falling
19 Maldives 1.06 GPIA 2019 up 1.9% rising
20 Guinea-Bissau 1.06 GPIA 2010 up 1.4% falling
21 Niger 1.06 GPIA 2019 up 13.0% flat
22 Sri Lanka 1.06 GPIA 2018 down 3.0% flat
23 Samoa 1.06 GPIA 2019 down 3.9% flat
24 Ecuador 1.05 GPIA 2018 down 2.7% flat
25 Suriname 1.05 GPIA 2019 down 0.2% flat
26 Saudi Arabia 1.05 GPIA 2019 up 10.9% rising
27 Democratic Republic of Congo 1.05 GPIA 2018 down 0.5% rising
28 Central African Republic 1.04 GPIA 2017 down 3.6% rising
29 Rwanda 1.04 GPIA 2019 up 4.3% rising
30 Armenia 1.04 GPIA 2019 down 7.6% falling
31 Burundi 1.04 GPIA 2019 down 1.4% rising
31 India 1.04 GPIA 2019 — rising
33 Lesotho 1.04 GPIA 2016 down 1.3% flat
34 Hong Kong 1.04 GPIA 2019 down 0.5% rising
35 Jamaica 1.04 GPIA 2019 up 0.3% falling
36 Cambodia 1.04 GPIA 2019 down 0.1% flat
37 East Timor 1.04 GPIA 2019 down 2.6% flat
38 Bangladesh 1.04 GPIA 2018 up 2.9% falling
39 Uganda 1.04 GPIA 2017 down 0.8% flat
40 Honduras 1.04 GPIA 2019 down 2.6% flat
41 Namibia 1.03 GPIA 2018 up 4.6% flat
42 Grenada 1.03 GPIA 2018 down 0.3% falling
43 Mali 1.03 GPIA 2018 up 0.3% rising
44 Botswana 1.03 GPIA 2015 up 3.2% flat
45 Malaysia 1.03 GPIA 2019 down 3.9% rising
46 Comoros 1.03 GPIA 2018 up 7.0% rising
47 Iran 1.03 GPIA 2016 down 5.2% rising
48 Nicaragua 1.03 GPIA 2010 down 0.9% falling
49 Togo 1.03 GPIA 2019 down 1.0% rising
50 Nauru 1.03 GPIA 2019 up 1.1% flat
51 Cote d'Ivoire 1.03 GPIA 2019 up 5.4% rising
52 Laos 1.03 GPIA 2019 down 0.9% rising
53 Belize 1.03 GPIA 2019 down 1.5% falling
54 Mexico 1.03 GPIA 2018 up 1.3% flat
55 Dominican Republic 1.02 GPIA 2019 up 14.4% flat
56 Benin 1.02 GPIA 2019 down 2.3% rising
57 British Virgin Islands 1.02 GPIA 2018 up 3.2% rising
58 Zimbabwe 1.02 GPIA 2013 up 23.4% falling
59 Panama 1.02 GPIA 2017 up 4.0% flat
60 Vietnam 1.02 GPIA 2019 up 4.4% falling
61 El Salvador 1.02 GPIA 2018 down 0.6% falling
62 North Macedonia 1.02 GPIA 2018 up 2.0% rising
63 Cameroon 1.02 GPIA 2019 down 0.8% rising
64 Sudan 1.02 GPIA 2017 down 0.6% flat
65 Equatorial Guinea 1.02 GPIA 2015 up 21.7% falling
66 Kazakhstan 1.02 GPIA 2019 up 3.7% rising
67 Trinidad and Tobago 1.02 GPIA 2019 up 2.0% flat
68 Guatemala 1.02 GPIA 2019 down 1.2% rising
69 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.02 GPIA 2018 up 1.8% flat
70 Myanmar 1.02 GPIA 2018 down 0.9% flat
71 Solomon Islands 1.02 GPIA 2018 up 2.7% rising
72 Tunisia 1.02 GPIA 2016 up 2.0% rising
73 Netherlands 1.02 GPIA 2018 up 1.1% flat
74 Oman 1.02 GPIA 2019 up 2.4% rising
75 Bolivia 1.02 GPIA 2018 up 1.3% flat
76 Seychelles 1.02 GPIA 2019 down 1.4% falling
77 Saint Lucia 1.02 GPIA 2019 down 0.7% flat
78 Algeria 1.02 GPIA 2011 up 2.2% flat
79 Ghana 1.02 GPIA 2019 down 1.5% flat
80 United States 1.01 GPIA 2018 down 0.5% flat
81 Argentina 1.01 GPIA 2017 down 0.4% flat
82 Venezuela 1.01 GPIA 2017 up 0.9% flat
83 Paraguay 1.01 GPIA 2016 down 0.1% falling
84 Marshall Islands 1.01 GPIA 2019 up 12.8% flat
85 Brunei 1.01 GPIA 2019 up 0.0% flat
86 Liberia 1.01 GPIA 2017 — rising
87 Iceland 1.01 GPIA 2018 up 1.6% flat
88 South Africa 1.01 GPIA 2018 — flat
89 Cape Verde 1.01 GPIA 2018 up 0.2% rising
90 Greece 1.01 GPIA 2018 up 0.7% flat
91 Kyrgyzstan 1.01 GPIA 2019 up 1.2% rising
92 South Korea 1 GPIA 2018 up 0.5% rising
93 Peru 1 GPIA 2019 down 1.5% falling
94 Romania 1 GPIA 2018 down 0.2% flat
95 Belgium 1 GPIA 2018 up 1.0% flat
96 San Marino 1 GPIA 2019 up 7.1% flat
97 Uruguay 1 GPIA 2018 down 0.8% flat
98 Costa Rica 1 GPIA 2019 up 0.4% flat
99 Norway 1 GPIA 2018 down 0.0% falling
100 Tanzania 1 GPIA 2019 down 2.7% flat
101 Colombia 1 GPIA 2018 up 0.5% falling
102 China 1 GPIA 2019 up 5.9% rising
103 Egypt 1 GPIA 2019 up 4.0% falling
104 Iraq 0.9999 GPIA 2007 up 0.9% rising
105 United Kingdom 0.9994 GPIA 2018 down 2.0% flat
105 Thailand 0.9994 GPIA 2019 up 0.1% flat
107 Spain 0.9991 GPIA 2018 down 0.6% falling
108 Mongolia 0.998 GPIA 2018 down 6.2% falling
109 Serbia 0.9976 GPIA 2019 down 0.6% flat
110 Burkina Faso 0.9967 GPIA 2019 down 1.6% rising
111 France 0.9962 GPIA 2018 up 0.1% flat
112 Mauritius 0.9961 GPIA 2019 down 3.1% rising
113 Poland 0.9958 GPIA 2018 down 1.3% flat
114 Bhutan 0.9957 GPIA 2020 up 6.6% flat
115 Canada 0.9956 GPIA 1996 down 0.5% flat
116 Albania 0.9956 GPIA 2019 down 2.3% flat
117 Finland 0.9937 GPIA 2018 up 0.1% flat
118 Sweden 0.9936 GPIA 2018 down 0.4% flat
119 Palestine 0.9934 GPIA 2019 up 1.6% flat
120 Israel 0.9932 GPIA 2018 down 0.8% flat
121 Jordan 0.9931 GPIA 2019 up 6.6% rising
122 Qatar 0.9921 GPIA 2019 up 4.5% rising
123 Latvia 0.992 GPIA 2018 up 1.3% flat
124 Lithuania 0.9919 GPIA 2018 up 0.1% flat
125 Eritrea 0.9918 GPIA 2018 up 1.2% flat
126 Germany 0.9917 GPIA 2018 up 0.3% flat
127 Croatia 0.9913 GPIA 2018 up 2.8% flat
128 Bulgaria 0.9907 GPIA 2018 up 0.1% flat
129 Ireland 0.9907 GPIA 2018 down 0.7% flat
130 Congo 0.9905 GPIA 2012 down 7.7% rising
131 Austria 0.9904 GPIA 2018 down 0.4% flat
132 Portugal 0.9893 GPIA 2018 down 0.6% flat
133 Micronesia (country) 0.9882 GPIA 2019 — falling
134 Estonia 0.9878 GPIA 2018 down 0.9% flat
135 Cuba 0.9877 GPIA 2019 down 0.2% flat
136 Lebanon 0.9872 GPIA 1985 up 7.0% rising
137 Barbados 0.9871 GPIA 2019 down 3.0% falling
138 Papua New Guinea 0.9857 GPIA 2016 up 2.0% rising
139 Nigeria 0.9839 GPIA 2010 up 4.8% flat
140 Slovenia 0.983 GPIA 2018 up 1.0% flat
141 Moldova 0.9823 GPIA 2019 down 0.3% rising
142 Chile 0.9821 GPIA 2018 down 6.2% falling
143 Luxembourg 0.9815 GPIA 2018 down 0.7% flat
144 Switzerland 0.9804 GPIA 2018 down 2.0% flat
145 New Zealand 0.9792 GPIA 2018 — flat
146 Russia 0.9788 GPIA 2018 down 1.3% rising
147 Denmark 0.9784 GPIA 2018 down 1.2% flat
148 Aruba 0.9782 GPIA 2014 down 5.6% flat
149 Slovakia 0.9779 GPIA 2018 up 0.8% flat
150 Italy 0.9779 GPIA 2018 down 0.5% flat
151 Cayman Islands 0.9766 GPIA 2018 down 21.6% flat
152 Ukraine 0.9748 GPIA 2013 up 0.3% rising
153 Libya 0.9748 GPIA 2006 down 0.4% rising
154 Kenya 0.9736 GPIA 2016 up 3.0% flat
155 Czechia 0.9727 GPIA 2018 up 0.0% falling
156 Malta 0.9721 GPIA 2018 down 4.4% rising
157 Macao 0.972 GPIA 2019 down 0.6% flat
158 Cyprus 0.9702 GPIA 2018 down 1.3% flat
159 Vanuatu 0.9686 GPIA 2015 down 2.5% falling
160 Philippines 0.9675 GPIA 2018 down 6.3% falling
161 Hungary 0.9668 GPIA 2018 down 1.8% flat
162 Belarus 0.964 GPIA 2018 down 1.3% rising
163 Chad 0.9619 GPIA 2019 up 5.6% rising
164 Syria 0.9616 GPIA 2013 up 2.3% rising
165 Turkey 0.9613 GPIA 2018 up 0.7% rising
166 Guyana 0.9578 GPIA 2012 down 4.5% falling
167 Guinea 0.9569 GPIA 2011 down 2.6% rising
168 Australia 0.9563 GPIA 2018 down 1.9% flat
169 United Arab Emirates 0.9513 GPIA 2017 down 3.3% rising
170 Ethiopia 0.9482 GPIA 2015 down 1.9% falling
171 Montenegro 0.9463 GPIA 2019 down 5.7% falling
172 Uzbekistan 0.9401 GPIA 2019 down 7.4% rising
173 Nepal 0.9093 GPIA 2019 down 5.2% rising
174 Indonesia 0.904 GPIA 2018 down 12.3% falling
175 Yemen 0.8974 GPIA 2016 up 5.8% flat
176 Liechtenstein 0.8955 GPIA 2018 down 14.2% flat
177 Angola 0.8907 GPIA 2016 down 22.9% rising
178 Morocco 0.888 GPIA 2019 up 15.0% rising
179 Tuvalu 0.8874 GPIA 2019 down 21.4% falling
180 Tajikistan 0.8655 GPIA 2017 down 4.6% flat
181 Pakistan 0.8617 GPIA 2019 down 4.3% rising
182 Mozambique 0.8531 GPIA 1986 down 23.1% falling
184 Bermuda 0.8495 GPIA 2015 down 8.2% falling
185 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.7983 GPIA 2016 down 21.5% falling
186 Afghanistan 0.786 GPIA 2003 down 21.8% flat

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

About this data

Indicator
Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA)
Unit
GPIA
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
229 places, 6,886 data points, 1970–2020
Last refreshed

The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/