Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index in Low income

Low income: Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index was 1 GPIA in 2019. ▬ Flat

Latest (2019)
1 GPIA
Change on year
up 0.2%
Rank
15th
of 41 groups
All-time high
1.03 GPIA
in 2013
All-time low
0.9669 GPIA
in 1972
Years of data
45
1972–2019

Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index in Low income, 1972–2019

00.250.50.7511972199520191972: 0.967 GPIA1973: 0.97 GPIA1974: 0.972 GPIA1975: 0.973 GPIA1976: 0.975 GPIA1977: 0.973 GPIA1978: 0.975 GPIA1979: 0.975 GPIA1980: 0.976 GPIA1981: 0.979 GPIA1982: 0.971 GPIA1983: 0.972 GPIA1984: 0.974 GPIA1985: 0.973 GPIA1986: 0.976 GPIA1990: 0.98 GPIA1991: 0.981 GPIA1992: 0.988 GPIA1993: 0.991 GPIA1994: 0.99 GPIA1995: 0.982 GPIA1996: 0.989 GPIA1997: 0.987 GPIA1998: 0.981 GPIA1999: 0.978 GPIA2000: 0.984 GPIA2001: 0.985 GPIA2002: 0.983 GPIA2003: 0.997 GPIA2004: 0.993 GPIA2005: 0.992 GPIA2006: 0.993 GPIA2007: 0.999 GPIA2008: 1 GPIA2009: 0.985 GPIA2010: 1 GPIA2011: 1 GPIA2012: 0.984 GPIA2013: 1 GPIA2014: 1 GPIA2015: 0.989 GPIA2016: 1 GPIA2017: 1 GPIA2018: 1 GPIA2019: 1 GPIA

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in GPIA.

Analysis

In 2019, gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index in Low income stood at 1 GPIA.

The figure is up 0.2% on the previous year and up 2.0% over ten years.

Over the whole period, gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index in Low income peaked at 1.03 GPIA in 2013 and was at its lowest, 0.9669 GPIA, in 1972.

Low income ranks 15th of 41 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.

Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index in Low income, year by year

Annual values for Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) in Low income, 1972 to 2019.
Year GPIA Change
1972 0.9669 GPIA
1973 0.9699 GPIA +0.3%
1974 0.9723 GPIA +0.2%
1975 0.973 GPIA +0.1%
1976 0.9745 GPIA +0.2%
1977 0.9733 GPIA -0.1%
1978 0.9753 GPIA +0.2%
1979 0.9748 GPIA -0.1%
1980 0.9761 GPIA +0.1%
1981 0.9793 GPIA +0.3%
1982 0.9709 GPIA -0.9%
1983 0.9718 GPIA +0.1%
1984 0.9739 GPIA +0.2%
1985 0.9728 GPIA -0.1%
1986 0.9756 GPIA +0.3%
1990 0.9797 GPIA +0.4%
1991 0.9809 GPIA +0.1%
1992 0.9879 GPIA +0.7%
1993 0.9915 GPIA +0.4%
1994 0.99 GPIA -0.1%
1995 0.9815 GPIA -0.9%
1996 0.9885 GPIA +0.7%
1997 0.9875 GPIA -0.1%
1998 0.981 GPIA -0.7%
1999 0.9784 GPIA -0.3%
2000 0.9839 GPIA +0.6%
2001 0.9852 GPIA +0.1%
2002 0.9827 GPIA -0.2%
2003 0.9971 GPIA +1.5%
2004 0.9926 GPIA -0.5%
2005 0.9919 GPIA -0.1%
2006 0.9935 GPIA +0.2%
2007 0.9994 GPIA +0.6%
2008 1 GPIA +0.4%
2009 0.9847 GPIA -1.8%
2010 1 GPIA +1.8%
2011 1 GPIA -0.0%
2012 0.9842 GPIA -1.8%
2013 1.03 GPIA +4.2%
2014 1 GPIA -2.4%
2015 0.9893 GPIA -1.2%
2016 1 GPIA +1.2%
2017 1 GPIA +0.0%
2018 1 GPIA +0.1%
2019 1 GPIA +0.2%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1970s 0.9725 GPIA 0.9669 GPIA 0.9753 GPIA 8
1980s 0.9744 GPIA 0.9709 GPIA 0.9793 GPIA 7
1990s 0.9847 GPIA 0.9784 GPIA 0.9915 GPIA 10
2000s 0.9914 GPIA 0.9827 GPIA 1 GPIA 10
2010s 1 GPIA 0.9842 GPIA 1.03 GPIA 10

Countries ranked near Low income

  1. 12 Bahamas 1.08 GPIA compare
  2. 13 Gambia 1.07 GPIA compare
  3. 14 Bahrain 1.07 GPIA compare
  4. 15 Fiji 1.07 GPIA compare
  5. 16 Tonga 1.06 GPIA compare
  6. 17 Kuwait 1.06 GPIA compare
  7. 18 Dominica 1.06 GPIA compare

See the full ranking of 229 places →

More reference data data for Low income

All data for Low income →

Frequently asked questions

What is gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index in Low income?
Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index in Low income was 1 GPIA in 2019, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
What is the highest gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index recorded in Low income?
The highest recorded value was 1.03 GPIA in 2013.
What is the lowest gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index recorded in Low income?
The lowest recorded value was 0.9669 GPIA in 1972.
How does Low income rank for gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index?
Low income ranks 15th out of 41 groups with data for 2019.
Is gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index rising or falling in Low income?
Over the last ten years it is up 2.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is flat.
Where does this Low income data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index in Low income. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 22 August 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/gross-enrolment-ratio-pre-primary-adjusted-gender-parity-index-gpia/low-income/

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About this data

Indicator
Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA)
Unit
GPIA
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
229 places, 6,886 data points, 1970–2020
Last refreshed

The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/