Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people by country
Scientific and technical journal articles per million people. Disciplines include physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
Countries reporting
192
Highest
2,624 articles per million people
Denmark
Lowest
1.37 articles per million people
Angola
Median
129.57 articles per million people
Years covered
28
1996–2023
Data points
5,488
What the numbers show
Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people is currently reported for 192 countries. The highest value is 2,624 articles per million people in Denmark; the lowest is 1.37 articles per million people in Angola.
The median across all reporting countries is 129.57 articles per million people, and the mean is 400.43 articles per million people.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 1,918.
Over the past decade 165 countries rose and 27 fell. The largest increase was in North Korea (up 3,037.1%), and the largest decrease in Dominica (down 67.9%).
Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Denmark | 2,624 articles per million people | 2023 | up 15.0% | rising |
| 2 | Switzerland | 2,565 articles per million people | 2023 | down 2.7% | rising |
| 3 | Norway | 2,492 articles per million people | 2023 | up 22.6% | rising |
| 4 | Australia | 2,048 articles per million people | 2023 | down 6.0% | rising |
| 5 | Sweden | 2,016 articles per million people | 2023 | down 2.5% | rising |
| 6 | Finland | 2,010 articles per million people | 2023 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 7 | Singapore | 2,010 articles per million people | 2023 | down 1.5% | rising |
| 8 | Iceland | 1,856 articles per million people | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 9 | Netherlands | 1,802 articles per million people | 2023 | down 3.4% | rising |
| 11 | Portugal | 1,723 articles per million people | 2023 | up 32.5% | volatile |
| 12 | Slovenia | 1,682 articles per million people | 2023 | down 0.2% | rising |
| 14 | Canada | 1,591 articles per million people | 2023 | down 6.0% | rising |
| 15 | New Zealand | 1,557 articles per million people | 2023 | down 10.7% | rising |
| 16 | Austria | 1,516 articles per million people | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 17 | Belgium | 1,428 articles per million people | 2023 | down 2.8% | rising |
| 18 | Croatia | 1,426 articles per million people | 2023 | up 46.8% | rising |
| 19 | United Kingdom | 1,423 articles per million people | 2023 | down 7.4% | rising |
| 20 | Israel | 1,406 articles per million people | 2023 | up 0.5% | flat |
| 21 | Italy | 1,403 articles per million people | 2023 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 22 | South Korea | 1,387 articles per million people | 2023 | up 23.2% | rising |
| 23 | Cyprus | 1,312 articles per million people | 2023 | up 62.6% | volatile |
| 24 | Germany | 1,306 articles per million people | 2023 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 25 | Greece | 1,302 articles per million people | 2023 | up 23.5% | rising |
| 27 | Estonia | 1,280 articles per million people | 2023 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 28 | United States | 1,279 articles per million people | 2023 | down 5.2% | rising |
| 29 | Spain | 1,247 articles per million people | 2023 | up 9.2% | rising |
| 30 | Czechia | 1,234 articles per million people | 2023 | down 3.3% | rising |
| 31 | Brunei | 1,093 articles per million people | 2023 | up 392.8% | volatile |
| 32 | Slovakia | 982.58 articles per million people | 2023 | up 25.2% | rising |
| 33 | Monaco | 955.69 articles per million people | 2023 | down 10.2% | rising |
| 34 | Lithuania | 930.88 articles per million people | 2023 | up 27.4% | rising |
| 35 | Qatar | 930.44 articles per million people | 2023 | up 123.6% | volatile |
| 36 | Latvia | 921.62 articles per million people | 2023 | up 57.5% | volatile |
| 37 | France | 909.44 articles per million people | 2023 | down 16.0% | rising |
| 39 | Hungary | 861.17 articles per million people | 2023 | up 38.2% | rising |
| 40 | Poland | 850.93 articles per million people | 2023 | up 11.8% | rising |
| 41 | Serbia | 781.06 articles per million people | 2023 | up 9.3% | volatile |
| 42 | Bulgaria | 775.36 articles per million people | 2023 | up 110.3% | rising |
| 43 | Japan | 775.35 articles per million people | 2023 | down 7.6% | rising |
| 44 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 759.23 articles per million people | 2023 | up 175.5% | volatile |
| 45 | Saudi Arabia | 729.76 articles per million people | 2023 | up 190.1% | volatile |
| 46 | Greenland | 675.63 articles per million people | 2023 | up 20.9% | rising |
| 47 | United Arab Emirates | 674.87 articles per million people | 2023 | up 199.1% | volatile |
| 48 | Malaysia | 674.45 articles per million people | 2023 | up 43.3% | volatile |
| 49 | China | 661.16 articles per million people | 2023 | up 156.4% | volatile |
| 50 | Iran | 607.95 articles per million people | 2023 | up 57.6% | volatile |
| 51 | Russia | 594.87 articles per million people | 2023 | up 124.1% | rising |
| 52 | San Marino | 593.33 articles per million people | 2023 | up 178.9% | volatile |
| 53 | Turkey | 588.1 articles per million people | 2023 | up 53.8% | rising |
| 54 | Romania | 562.03 articles per million people | 2023 | up 16.8% | volatile |
| 55 | Jordan | 473.74 articles per million people | 2023 | up 181.3% | volatile |
| 56 | Bahrain | 455.47 articles per million people | 2023 | up 146.1% | rising |
| 57 | Tunisia | 450.22 articles per million people | 2023 | up 20.1% | volatile |
| 58 | Chile | 436.11 articles per million people | 2023 | up 57.6% | rising |
| 59 | Ukraine | 410.74 articles per million people | 2023 | up 164.6% | volatile |
| 60 | Montenegro | 408.43 articles per million people | 2023 | up 35.9% | volatile |
| 61 | Iraq | 371.04 articles per million people | 2023 | up 1,572.1% | volatile |
| 62 | Grenada | 362.91 articles per million people | 2023 | up 21.1% | volatile |
| 63 | Lebanon | 360.15 articles per million people | 2023 | up 91.1% | volatile |
| 64 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 339.91 articles per million people | 2023 | up 154.1% | volatile |
| 65 | Oman | 324.86 articles per million people | 2023 | up 91.2% | rising |
| 66 | Uruguay | 312.81 articles per million people | 2023 | up 81.8% | volatile |
| 67 | Kuwait | 287.43 articles per million people | 2023 | up 17.7% | falling |
| 68 | Palau | 284.31 articles per million people | 2023 | up 27.0% | volatile |
| 69 | Brazil | 276.08 articles per million people | 2023 | up 19.1% | rising |
| 70 | North Macedonia | 272.99 articles per million people | 2023 | up 15.3% | volatile |
| 71 | Armenia | 270.38 articles per million people | 2023 | up 58.3% | rising |
| 72 | Morocco | 257.87 articles per million people | 2023 | up 332.9% | volatile |
| 73 | South Africa | 236.49 articles per million people | 2023 | up 35.4% | rising |
| 74 | Fiji | 235.75 articles per million people | 2023 | up 158.3% | volatile |
| 75 | Thailand | 232.29 articles per million people | 2023 | up 120.8% | volatile |
| 76 | Barbados | 201.14 articles per million people | 2023 | up 36.3% | rising |
| 77 | Egypt | 199.54 articles per million people | 2023 | up 127.2% | volatile |
| 78 | Ecuador | 196.32 articles per million people | 2023 | up 1,132.3% | volatile |
| 79 | Puerto Rico | 188.72 articles per million people | 2023 | up 19.1% | rising |
| 80 | Argentina | 188.62 articles per million people | 2023 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 81 | Kazakhstan | 187.83 articles per million people | 2023 | up 449.4% | volatile |
| 82 | Trinidad and Tobago | 179.57 articles per million people | 2023 | up 50.7% | rising |
| 83 | Colombia | 175.53 articles per million people | 2023 | up 87.3% | volatile |
| 84 | Georgia | 174.83 articles per million people | 2023 | up 41.6% | rising |
| 85 | Palestine | 166.8 articles per million people | 2023 | up 202.4% | volatile |
| 86 | Algeria | 166.29 articles per million people | 2023 | up 92.5% | volatile |
| 87 | Mauritius | 164.43 articles per million people | 2023 | up 73.5% | volatile |
| 88 | India | 158.67 articles per million people | 2023 | up 156.4% | volatile |
| 89 | Belarus | 155.74 articles per million people | 2023 | up 34.8% | rising |
| 90 | Peru | 154.87 articles per million people | 2023 | up 606.9% | volatile |
| 91 | Botswana | 154.76 articles per million people | 2023 | up 100.8% | rising |
| 92 | Azerbaijan | 152.08 articles per million people | 2023 | up 205.5% | volatile |
| 93 | Mexico | 146.31 articles per million people | 2023 | up 36.6% | rising |
| 94 | Antigua and Barbuda | 143.92 articles per million people | 2023 | up 366.0% | volatile |
| 95 | Indonesia | 138.67 articles per million people | 2023 | up 1,237.7% | volatile |
| 96 | Andorra | 137.16 articles per million people | 2023 | up 95.7% | volatile |
| 97 | Moldova | 136.33 articles per million people | 2023 | up 91.9% | rising |
| 98 | Albania | 132.47 articles per million people | 2023 | up 153.7% | volatile |
| 99 | Bhutan | 130.37 articles per million people | 2023 | up 235.3% | volatile |
| 100 | Uzbekistan | 129.71 articles per million people | 2023 | up 1,017.9% | volatile |
| 101 | Costa Rica | 129.43 articles per million people | 2023 | up 128.3% | rising |
| 102 | Seychelles | 126.66 articles per million people | 2023 | down 26.6% | volatile |
| 103 | Cuba | 110.4 articles per million people | 2023 | down 14.8% | rising |
| 104 | Vietnam | 106.07 articles per million people | 2023 | up 415.6% | volatile |
| 105 | Sri Lanka | 105.36 articles per million people | 2023 | up 200.0% | volatile |
| 106 | Samoa | 100.85 articles per million people | 2023 | up 352.4% | volatile |
| 107 | Ghana | 96.78 articles per million people | 2023 | up 367.1% | volatile |
| 108 | Pakistan | 82.9 articles per million people | 2023 | up 154.7% | volatile |
| 109 | Mongolia | 79.53 articles per million people | 2023 | up 41.3% | volatile |
| 110 | Namibia | 78.07 articles per million people | 2023 | up 113.6% | volatile |
| 111 | Panama | 63.25 articles per million people | 2023 | up 61.1% | rising |
| 112 | Libya | 60.65 articles per million people | 2023 | up 95.1% | volatile |
| 113 | Maldives | 60.34 articles per million people | 2023 | up 242.9% | volatile |
| 114 | Guyana | 60.03 articles per million people | 2023 | up 253.4% | volatile |
| 115 | Jamaica | 56.84 articles per million people | 2023 | down 20.0% | rising |
| 116 | Dominica | 55.63 articles per million people | 2023 | down 67.9% | volatile |
| 117 | Cameroon | 54.52 articles per million people | 2023 | up 153.5% | volatile |
| 118 | Nepal | 53.57 articles per million people | 2023 | up 260.8% | volatile |
| 119 | Ethiopia | 52.28 articles per million people | 2023 | up 586.2% | volatile |
| 120 | Bangladesh | 48.17 articles per million people | 2023 | up 332.6% | volatile |
| 121 | Tonga | 46.37 articles per million people | 2023 | up 204.6% | volatile |
| 122 | Kyrgyzstan | 46.05 articles per million people | 2023 | up 379.0% | volatile |
| 123 | Belize | 43.83 articles per million people | 2023 | up 106.5% | volatile |
| 124 | Nigeria | 43 articles per million people | 2023 | up 156.6% | volatile |
| 125 | Tuvalu | 42.79 articles per million people | 2023 | up 42.6% | volatile |
| 126 | Suriname | 41.88 articles per million people | 2023 | up 55.1% | volatile |
| 127 | Philippines | 41.36 articles per million people | 2023 | up 349.2% | volatile |
| 128 | Kenya | 37.57 articles per million people | 2023 | up 103.0% | rising |
| 129 | Bahamas | 37.5 articles per million people | 2023 | down 24.8% | volatile |
| 130 | Vanuatu | 37.05 articles per million people | 2023 | up 20.1% | rising |
| 131 | Paraguay | 37.02 articles per million people | 2023 | up 298.5% | volatile |
| 132 | Gabon | 36.45 articles per million people | 2023 | up 33.3% | rising |
| 133 | Cape Verde | 35.11 articles per million people | 2023 | up 136.6% | volatile |
| 134 | Micronesia (country) | 33.21 articles per million people | 2023 | down 26.0% | volatile |
| 135 | Zimbabwe | 31.81 articles per million people | 2023 | up 115.7% | rising |
| 136 | Rwanda | 31.07 articles per million people | 2023 | up 479.6% | volatile |
| 137 | Benin | 30.98 articles per million people | 2023 | up 87.2% | volatile |
| 138 | Gambia | 29.58 articles per million people | 2023 | up 34.8% | flat |
| 139 | Uganda | 29.26 articles per million people | 2023 | up 121.7% | volatile |
| 140 | Syria | 27.37 articles per million people | 2023 | up 145.4% | volatile |
| 141 | Senegal | 27.08 articles per million people | 2023 | up 36.8% | rising |
| 142 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 26.55 articles per million people | 2023 | up 30.5% | volatile |
| 143 | Lesotho | 26.04 articles per million people | 2023 | up 256.5% | volatile |
| 144 | Eswatini | 25.14 articles per million people | 2023 | up 49.3% | volatile |
| 145 | Marshall Islands | 23.69 articles per million people | 2023 | down 9.7% | volatile |
| 146 | Burkina Faso | 22.57 articles per million people | 2023 | up 151.5% | volatile |
| 147 | Tanzania | 21.8 articles per million people | 2023 | up 169.6% | volatile |
| 148 | Sao Tome and Principe | 20.4 articles per million people | 2023 | up 2,362.8% | volatile |
| 149 | Solomon Islands | 18.55 articles per million people | 2023 | up 175.2% | rising |
| 150 | Malawi | 17.89 articles per million people | 2023 | up 114.0% | rising |
| 151 | Zambia | 17.72 articles per million people | 2023 | up 129.8% | rising |
| 152 | Venezuela | 16.77 articles per million people | 2023 | down 56.4% | falling |
| 153 | Togo | 16.53 articles per million people | 2023 | up 101.5% | rising |
| 154 | Kiribati | 16.15 articles per million people | 2023 | up 75.1% | volatile |
| 155 | Bolivia | 16.07 articles per million people | 2023 | up 95.1% | rising |
| 156 | Congo | 15.47 articles per million people | 2023 | up 53.6% | rising |
| 157 | Tajikistan | 15.24 articles per million people | 2023 | up 124.8% | rising |
| 158 | Djibouti | 15.16 articles per million people | 2023 | up 131.5% | volatile |
| 159 | East Timor | 14.95 articles per million people | 2023 | up 175.5% | volatile |
| 160 | Saint Lucia | 14.17 articles per million people | 2023 | down 33.6% | volatile |
| 161 | Cote d'Ivoire | 12.57 articles per million people | 2023 | up 98.0% | rising |
| 162 | Honduras | 12.25 articles per million people | 2023 | up 456.8% | volatile |
| 163 | Cambodia | 11.52 articles per million people | 2023 | up 105.2% | volatile |
| 164 | Nauru | 10.95 articles per million people | 2023 | down 66.1% | volatile |
| 165 | Yemen | 10.26 articles per million people | 2023 | up 162.3% | volatile |
| 166 | El Salvador | 10.23 articles per million people | 2023 | up 310.8% | volatile |
| 167 | Sierra Leone | 10.2 articles per million people | 2023 | up 369.8% | volatile |
| 168 | North Korea | 10.19 articles per million people | 2023 | up 3,037.1% | volatile |
| 169 | Laos | 9.42 articles per million people | 2023 | down 12.8% | volatile |
| 170 | Comoros | 9.42 articles per million people | 2023 | up 518.6% | volatile |
| 171 | Sudan | 9.4 articles per million people | 2023 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 172 | Mauritania | 9.33 articles per million people | 2023 | up 137.4% | volatile |
| 173 | Dominican Republic | 9.22 articles per million people | 2023 | up 142.8% | volatile |
| 174 | Eritrea | 8.38 articles per million people | 2023 | up 150.8% | volatile |
| 175 | Somalia | 8.27 articles per million people | 2023 | up 1,587.3% | volatile |
| 176 | Papua New Guinea | 6.71 articles per million people | 2023 | up 4.7% | falling |
| 177 | Guinea-Bissau | 6.36 articles per million people | 2023 | down 10.8% | rising |
| 178 | Mozambique | 6.09 articles per million people | 2023 | up 120.9% | volatile |
| 179 | Guatemala | 6 articles per million people | 2023 | up 29.5% | rising |
| 180 | Nicaragua | 5.96 articles per million people | 2023 | up 29.3% | rising |
| 181 | Liberia | 5.74 articles per million people | 2023 | up 641.8% | volatile |
| 182 | Central African Republic | 5 articles per million people | 2023 | up 84.3% | rising |
| 183 | Madagascar | 4.92 articles per million people | 2023 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 184 | Mali | 4.91 articles per million people | 2023 | up 39.5% | rising |
| 185 | Myanmar | 4.32 articles per million people | 2023 | up 528.7% | volatile |
| 186 | Turkmenistan | 4.25 articles per million people | 2023 | up 331.6% | volatile |
| 187 | Afghanistan | 4.07 articles per million people | 2023 | up 371.6% | volatile |
| 188 | Guinea | 3.81 articles per million people | 2023 | up 305.8% | volatile |
| 189 | Niger | 3.45 articles per million people | 2023 | up 105.2% | rising |
| 190 | Haiti | 3.25 articles per million people | 2023 | up 18.3% | volatile |
| 191 | Chad | 2.71 articles per million people | 2023 | up 630.4% | volatile |
| 192 | Burundi | 2.65 articles per million people | 2023 | up 101.7% | volatile |
| 193 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 2.3 articles per million people | 2023 | up 172.5% | volatile |
| 194 | Equatorial Guinea | 1.86 articles per million people | 2023 | up 17.1% | volatile |
| 195 | South Sudan | 1.5 articles per million people | 2023 | up 86.4% | volatile |
| 196 | Angola | 1.37 articles per million people | 2023 | up 53.7% | rising |
About this data
Scientific and technical journal articles per million people. Disciplines include physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.