Statizoid

Gross enrolment ratio, primary and lower secondary, gender parity index (GPI) by country

Ratio of female gross enrolment ratio for primary and lower secondary to male gross enrolment ratio for primary and lower secondary. It is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. A GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value...

Countries reporting
188
Highest
1.15 GPI
Senegal
Lowest
0.6348 GPI
Angola
Median
0.9929 GPI
Years covered
40
1981–2020
Data points
4,500

What the numbers show

Gross enrolment ratio, primary and lower secondary, gender parity index (GPI) is currently reported for 188 countries. The highest value is 1.15 GPI in Senegal; the lowest is 0.6348 GPI in Angola.

The median across all reporting countries is 0.9929 GPI, and the mean is 0.9833 GPI.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.

Over the past decade 118 countries rose and 69 fell. The largest increase was in Benin (up 22.9%), and the largest decrease in Angola (down 23.6%).

Gross enrolment ratio, primary and lower secondary, gender parity inde: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Senegal 1.15 GPI 2019 up 17.5% rising
2 Bangladesh 1.14 GPI 2018 up 3.5% rising
3 Gambia 1.11 GPI 2019 up 7.9% rising
4 Kiribati 1.08 GPI 2017 up 2.1% flat
5 San Marino 1.07 GPI 2019 up 9.0% flat
6 Mauritania 1.06 GPI 2019 up 3.8% rising
7 Congo 1.06 GPI 2012 up 17.8% rising
8 Bhutan 1.05 GPI 2020 up 1.6% rising
9 Burundi 1.05 GPI 2019 up 11.4% rising
10 Suriname 1.05 GPI 2019 up 1.3% flat
11 Mexico 1.04 GPI 2018 up 3.0% rising
12 Seychelles 1.04 GPI 2019 up 1.1% flat
13 Tanzania, United Republic of 1.04 GPI 2019 up 6.6% rising
14 Albania 1.03 GPI 2019 up 1.8% flat
15 Hong Kong (China) 1.03 GPI 2019 up 3.7% flat
16 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 1.03 GPI 2017 up 10.1% rising
17 Nauru 1.03 GPI 2019 up 5.9% rising
18 India 1.03 GPI 2019 up 0.7% rising
19 Viet Nam 1.02 GPI 2019 up 4.2% rising
20 Aruba 1.02 GPI 2012 up 6.7% flat
21 Croatia 1.02 GPI 2018 up 0.4% flat
22 Burkina Faso 1.02 GPI 2019 up 17.8% rising
23 Madagascar 1.02 GPI 2019 up 5.1% rising
24 Sierra Leone 1.02 GPI 2019 up 10.5% rising
25 Nepal 1.02 GPI 2019 down 0.7% rising
26 Belgium 1.02 GPI 2018 up 1.1% flat
27 Lesotho 1.02 GPI 2017 down 1.4% falling
28 Honduras 1.02 GPI 2019 down 2.2% flat
29 Ghana 1.02 GPI 2019 up 5.3% rising
30 Malaysia 1.02 GPI 2017 up 0.8% flat
31 Samoa 1.02 GPI 2019 up 3.0% flat
32 Palestine, State of 1.02 GPI 2019 down 0.6% flat
32 Zambia 1.02 GPI 2017 up 6.9% rising
34 Ecuador 1.02 GPI 2018 up 2.1% flat
35 Sweden 1.02 GPI 2018 up 2.0% flat
36 Bahrain 1.01 GPI 2019 up 0.7% flat
37 Kazakhstan 1.01 GPI 2019 up 1.7% flat
38 Armenia 1.01 GPI 2019 up 1.5% flat
39 Ukraine 1.01 GPI 2014 up 1.4% flat
40 Ireland 1.01 GPI 2018 up 0.8% flat
41 Comoros 1.01 GPI 2018 up 14.8% rising
42 Azerbaijan 1.01 GPI 2019 up 3.4% flat
43 Nicaragua 1.01 GPI 2010 down 3.2% flat
44 Israel 1.01 GPI 2018 down 0.1% flat
45 China 1.01 GPI 2019 up 1.8% rising
46 Costa Rica 1.01 GPI 2019 up 2.1% flat
47 Sao Tome and Principe 1.01 GPI 2017 down 0.7% flat
48 Solomon Islands 1.01 GPI 2018 up 6.6% rising
49 Rwanda 1.01 GPI 2019 down 1.1% flat
50 Puerto Rico 1.01 GPI 2018 down 2.3% flat
51 Montenegro 1.01 GPI 2019 down 0.1% flat
52 Bahamas 1.01 GPI 2018 up 3.7% flat
53 Georgia 1.01 GPI 2019 down 0.5% falling
54 Philippines 1.01 GPI 2018 down 0.5% flat
55 Oman 1 GPI 2019 up 7.3% rising
56 Kenya 1 GPI 2016 up 4.2% flat
57 Brunei Darussalam 1 GPI 2019 up 4.0% rising
58 Tunisia 1 GPI 2018 up 1.2% rising
59 Egypt 1 GPI 2019 up 2.3% rising
60 Timor-Leste 1 GPI 2019 up 5.8% rising
61 Kuwait 1 GPI 2012 down 2.7% flat
62 Spain 1 GPI 2018 up 0.5% flat
63 Czechia 1 GPI 2018 up 1.0% flat
64 Saudi Arabia 1 GPI 2019 up 6.4% rising
65 Estonia 1 GPI 2018 up 3.5% flat
66 New Zealand 1 GPI 2018 up 0.9% flat
67 Cambodia 1 GPI 2019 up 6.5% rising
68 Slovenia 1 GPI 2018 up 0.6% flat
69 Belarus 1 GPI 2018 up 0.5% flat
70 Saint Lucia 1 GPI 2019 up 2.5% flat
71 Mauritius 1 GPI 2019 down 0.6% flat
72 Equatorial Guinea 1 GPI 2015 up 8.0% rising
73 Canada 1 GPI 2018 up 0.8% flat
74 Uruguay 1 GPI 2018 down 0.1% flat
75 Gibraltar 1 GPI 2019 down 1.4% rising
76 Türkiye 0.9995 GPI 2018 up 5.1% rising
77 Iceland 0.9992 GPI 2018 down 0.6% flat
78 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.999 GPI 2017 down 0.5% flat
79 Turks and Caicos Islands 0.9987 GPI 2018 down 4.2% flat
80 Latvia 0.9983 GPI 2018 up 4.1% flat
81 Korea 0.998 GPI 2018 up 0.6% flat
82 North Macedonia 0.9975 GPI 2018 up 1.5% flat
83 Djibouti 0.9974 GPI 2020 up 6.7% rising
84 Serbia 0.997 GPI 2019 up 0.3% flat
85 Qatar 0.9963 GPI 2019 up 2.5% rising
86 Argentina 0.9962 GPI 2017 down 2.1% flat
87 Austria 0.9962 GPI 2018 up 0.7% flat
88 Paraguay 0.9957 GPI 2012 up 1.7% flat
89 United States 0.9955 GPI 2018 down 0.3% flat
90 Switzerland 0.995 GPI 2018 down 1.3% flat
91 Norway 0.9946 GPI 2018 down 0.5% flat
92 Tonga 0.9945 GPI 2015 up 3.1% flat
93 France 0.9932 GPI 2018 up 0.2% flat
94 Bermuda 0.9931 GPI 2015 down 6.2% falling
95 Denmark 0.9928 GPI 2018 down 2.2% flat
96 Malawi 0.9927 GPI 2019 up 0.2% rising
97 Micronesia (Federated States of) 0.9926 GPI 2019 down 1.6% flat
98 Slovakia 0.9924 GPI 2018 up 0.3% flat
99 Malta 0.9916 GPI 2018 down 0.7% flat
100 Colombia 0.9916 GPI 2018 down 3.5% flat
101 Botswana 0.9915 GPI 2015 down 1.3% falling
102 Hungary 0.9912 GPI 2018 up 0.8% flat
103 Cyprus 0.9912 GPI 2018 down 0.2% flat
104 Sri Lanka 0.991 GPI 2018 down 0.6% flat
105 Finland 0.9908 GPI 2018 down 0.2% flat
106 Grenada 0.9907 GPI 2018 up 3.9% flat
107 Russian Federation 0.99 GPI 2018 down 2.0% flat
108 Panama 0.9899 GPI 2017 up 0.9% flat
109 Cayman Islands 0.9899 GPI 2018 up 1.6% flat
110 United Kingdom 0.9898 GPI 2018 up 0.3% flat
111 Poland 0.9894 GPI 2018 up 0.1% flat
112 Jamaica 0.9893 GPI 2019 down 2.0% flat
113 Myanmar 0.9891 GPI 2018 down 0.0% flat
114 Kyrgyzstan 0.9888 GPI 2019 down 1.0% flat
115 Jordan 0.9878 GPI 2019 down 1.9% flat
116 Greece 0.9875 GPI 2018 up 3.2% flat
117 Vanuatu 0.9867 GPI 2015 down 0.6% flat
118 Germany 0.9864 GPI 2018 down 0.8% flat
119 Zimbabwe 0.9863 GPI 2013 up 1.6% flat
120 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.9863 GPI 2016 down 0.4% falling
121 Bulgaria 0.9861 GPI 2018 up 1.5% flat
122 Marshall Islands 0.9854 GPI 2019 down 0.9% flat
123 Romania 0.9853 GPI 2018 down 0.2% flat
124 Namibia 0.9852 GPI 2017 down 2.2% flat
125 Fiji 0.9836 GPI 2019 down 2.7% flat
126 Lithuania 0.983 GPI 2018 up 0.1% flat
127 Netherlands 0.9826 GPI 2018 up 0.8% flat
128 Uzbekistan 0.9819 GPI 2019 down 1.3% flat
129 Indonesia 0.9813 GPI 2018 down 0.9% flat
130 Tajikistan 0.9808 GPI 2017 up 4.8% rising
131 Macau (China) 0.9807 GPI 2019 up 1.9% flat
132 Liberia 0.9805 GPI 2017 up 9.5% rising
133 United Arab Emirates 0.9805 GPI 2017 down 1.6% flat
134 Mongolia 0.9798 GPI 2018 down 3.7% falling
135 Guyana 0.9795 GPI 2012 up 0.0% flat
136 British Virgin Islands 0.9787 GPI 2018 down 3.6% flat
137 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.9783 GPI 2018 down 1.2% flat
138 Maldives 0.9782 GPI 2019 down 3.5% flat
139 Barbados 0.9777 GPI 2019 down 1.3% flat
140 Republic of Moldova 0.9772 GPI 2019 down 0.9% flat
141 South Africa 0.977 GPI 2018 up 0.3% flat
142 Portugal 0.9753 GPI 2018 up 2.0% flat
143 Trinidad and Tobago 0.9732 GPI 2009 down 4.0% flat
144 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.9717 GPI 2018 up 0.8% flat
145 Chile 0.9715 GPI 2018 up 1.5% flat
146 El Salvador 0.9704 GPI 2018 up 0.0% flat
147 Belize 0.97 GPI 2019 down 1.6% flat
148 Dominican Republic 0.9697 GPI 2019 up 8.1% falling
149 Libya 0.9696 GPI 2006 down 3.8% flat
150 Australia 0.9695 GPI 2018 — falling
151 Luxembourg 0.9695 GPI 2018 down 3.7% flat
152 Thailand 0.9686 GPI 2019 down 2.9% flat
153 Italy 0.967 GPI 2018 down 1.5% flat
154 Brazil 0.9659 GPI 2011 down 1.5% flat
155 Syrian Arab Republic 0.9657 GPI 2013 up 2.1% rising
156 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.9627 GPI 2019 up 9.1% rising
157 Liechtenstein 0.961 GPI 2018 down 1.1% falling
158 Guatemala 0.9601 GPI 2019 down 0.1% rising
159 Cabo Verde 0.9578 GPI 2018 down 2.9% falling
160 Dominica 0.9571 GPI 2019 down 2.9% falling
161 Cuba 0.9541 GPI 2019 down 2.4% flat
162 Peru 0.9526 GPI 2019 down 4.7% flat
163 Antigua and Barbuda 0.9514 GPI 2018 up 3.8% flat
164 Tuvalu 0.9488 GPI 2019 down 3.2% flat
165 Sudan 0.9459 GPI 2017 up 12.0% rising
166 Morocco 0.943 GPI 2019 up 4.7% rising
167 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 0.9405 GPI 2015 up 20.2% rising
168 Nigeria 0.9383 GPI 2016 up 9.7% rising
169 Eswatini 0.9366 GPI 2016 up 0.9% falling
170 Algeria 0.9318 GPI 2011 up 1.2% rising
171 Mozambique 0.9252 GPI 2017 up 9.2% rising
172 Ethiopia 0.9187 GPI 2015 up 17.0% rising
173 Benin 0.9136 GPI 2016 up 22.9% rising
174 Palau 0.9116 GPI 2014 down 4.4% flat
175 Togo 0.9058 GPI 2017 up 14.6% rising
176 Côte d'Ivoire 0.9043 GPI 2019 up 11.4% rising
177 Mali 0.8987 GPI 2018 up 12.2% rising
178 Cameroon 0.8939 GPI 2016 up 7.5% rising
179 Eritrea 0.8692 GPI 2018 up 8.6% rising
180 Pakistan 0.8653 GPI 2019 up 3.3% rising
181 Niger 0.8458 GPI 2017 up 17.2% rising
182 Yemen 0.841 GPI 2016 up 22.6% rising
183 Iraq 0.817 GPI 2007 up 3.4% flat
184 Guinea 0.8041 GPI 2014 up 13.2% rising
185 Central African Republic 0.7647 GPI 2016 up 9.5% rising
186 Chad 0.7505 GPI 2019 up 13.5% rising
187 Afghanistan 0.6479 GPI 2018 up 7.7% rising
188 Angola 0.6348 GPI 2011 down 23.6% falling

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

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Gross enrolment ratio, primary and lower secondary, gender parity inde by country. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 21 August 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/gross-enrolment-ratio-primary-and-lower-secondary-gender-parity-index-gpi/

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About this data

Indicator
Gross enrolment ratio, primary and lower secondary, gender parity index (GPI)
Unit
GPI
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
233 places, 4,500 data points, 1981–2020
Last refreshed

Ratio of female gross enrolment ratio for primary and lower secondary to male gross enrolment ratio for primary and lower secondary. It is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. A GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females.