People not using improved sanitation facilities by country

If no improved sanitation facility is available, people might practice open defecation or use unimproved sanitation facilities.

Countries reporting
225
Highest
107.14 million people
Ethiopia
Lowest
0 people
Tokelau
Median
45,009 people
Years covered
25
2000–2024
Data points
5,597

What the numbers show

People not using improved sanitation facilities is currently reported for 225 countries. The highest value is 107.14 million people in Ethiopia; the lowest is 0 people in Tokelau.

The median across all reporting countries is 45,009 people, and the mean is 3.98 million people.

Over the past decade 62 countries rose and 142 fell. The largest increase was in Israel (up 271.9%), and the largest decrease in Australia (down 100.0%).

People not using improved sanitation facilities: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Ethiopia 107.14 million people 2024 up 22.5% rising
2 India 97.69 million people 2024 down 79.0% falling
3 Nigeria 84.29 million people 2024 up 9.9% rising
4 Democratic Republic of Congo 72.02 million people 2024 up 47.5% rising
5 Pakistan 51.63 million people 2024 down 33.1% falling
6 Tanzania 29.04 million people 2024 down 11.5% falling
7 Uganda 28.95 million people 2024 up 24.0% rising
8 Bangladesh 20.55 million people 2024 down 59.3% falling
9 Niger 19.86 million people 2024 up 28.4% rising
10 Madagascar 19.76 million people 2024 up 8.3% rising
11 Mozambique 19.36 million people 2024 up 7.7% rising
12 Kenya 17.81 million people 2024 down 10.8% flat
13 Chad 16.50 million people 2024 up 39.2% rising
14 Brazil 15.89 million people 2024 down 45.6% falling
15 Sudan 15.27 million people 2024 down 27.3% falling
16 Indonesia 14.82 million people 2024 down 71.2% falling
17 Yemen 13.40 million people 2024 up 6.3% rising
18 Afghanistan 13.39 million people 2024 down 17.7% falling
19 China 12.25 million people 2024 down 93.7% volatile
20 Russia 11.27 million people 2024 down 43.7% falling
21 Angola 10.38 million people 2022 up 8.0% rising
22 Cameroon 10.31 million people 2024 up 19.8% rising
23 Cote d'Ivoire 9.95 million people 2024 down 8.2% falling
24 South Sudan 9.28 million people 2024 down 2.3% falling
25 Ghana 9.25 million people 2024 up 0.3% rising
26 Burkina Faso 8.71 million people 2024 down 13.4% falling
27 Zambia 8.51 million people 2024 up 3.0% rising
28 Benin 8.23 million people 2024 up 14.8% rising
29 Mali 7.92 million people 2024 down 5.9% flat
30 Myanmar 7.66 million people 2024 down 18.0% falling
31 Papua New Guinea 7.47 million people 2024 up 15.2% rising
32 Somalia 6.87 million people 2024 up 7.4% rising
33 Burundi 5.93 million people 2024 up 22.4% rising
34 Haiti 5.73 million people 2024 up 7.1% rising
35 Zimbabwe 5.70 million people 2024 up 14.4% rising
36 Guinea 5.51 million people 2024 down 10.8% falling
37 Malawi 5.22 million people 2024 down 38.9% falling
38 South Africa 4.99 million people 2024 down 36.8% falling
39 Togo 4.89 million people 2024 up 9.8% rising
40 Philippines 4.59 million people 2024 down 54.7% falling
41 Morocco 4.06 million people 2024 down 16.1% falling
42 Peru 3.89 million people 2024 down 26.5% falling
43 North Korea 3.84 million people 2023 down 10.7% falling
44 Senegal 3.74 million people 2024 down 20.3% falling
45 Central African Republic 3.70 million people 2024 up 13.8% rising
46 Sierra Leone 3.50 million people 2024 down 2.0% rising
47 Guatemala 3.21 million people 2024 down 15.2% falling
48 Liberia 2.79 million people 2024 up 5.4% rising
49 Congo 2.65 million people 2021 up 8.2% rising
50 Vietnam 2.47 million people 2024 down 86.3% volatile
51 Eritrea 2.45 million people 2016 up 11.7% rising
52 Egypt 2.10 million people 2024 up 9.9% rising
53 Romania 1.75 million people 2024 down 49.5% falling
54 Mauritania 1.65 million people 2024 down 13.3% falling
55 Algeria 1.54 million people 2024 down 12.1% falling
56 Bolivia 1.50 million people 2024 down 46.9% falling
57 Colombia 1.46 million people 2024 down 44.2% falling
58 Namibia 1.43 million people 2024 up 16.7% rising
59 United States 1.32 million people 2024 up 88.1% rising
60 Cambodia 1.30 million people 2024 down 79.7% falling
61 Argentina 1.27 million people 2016 down 49.4% falling
62 Guinea-Bissau 1.16 million people 2024 down 0.3% flat
63 Gambia 1.11 million people 2024 up 59.7% rising
64 Lesotho 766,187 people 2024 down 29.2% falling
65 Honduras 739,787 people 2024 down 44.4% falling
66 Iraq 688,442 people 2024 down 64.8% falling
67 Laos 678,318 people 2024 down 68.1% falling
68 Gabon 608,406 people 2024 down 2.2% rising
69 Nepal 598,887 people 2024 down 93.1% volatile
70 Canada 561,210 people 2024 up 91.5% volatile
71 Uzbekistan 504,262 people 2024 down 36.3% falling
72 Solomon Islands 486,802 people 2024 up 19.6% rising
73 Venezuela 455,743 people 2024 down 74.8% falling
74 Panama 433,953 people 2024 down 36.7% falling
75 Mongolia 404,343 people 2024 down 9.7% falling
76 Hong Kong 383,026 people 2024 up 32.5% rising
77 Equatorial Guinea 371,971 people 2017 up 20.4% rising
78 Ecuador 352,323 people 2024 down 71.7% falling
79 Dominican Republic 346,349 people 2024 down 33.9% falling
80 Turkey 344,037 people 2024 down 86.5% volatile
81 Libya 342,077 people 2024 up 52.8% rising
82 Georgia 322,615 people 2024 down 34.2% falling
83 Djibouti 298,524 people 2023 down 18.3% falling
84 Botswana 269,066 people 2024 down 42.2% falling
85 Moldova 248,974 people 2024 down 47.5% falling
86 Comoros 234,424 people 2024 down 28.8% falling
87 Rwanda 206,206 people 2024 down 91.1% falling
88 Cuba 191,010 people 2024 down 54.2% falling
90 East Timor 176,118 people 2024 down 64.0% falling
91 Armenia 154,504 people 2024 down 20.6% falling
92 South Korea 139,971 people 2024 up 159.1% volatile
93 Serbia 138,611 people 2024 down 8.1% falling
94 Bosnia and Herzegovina 136,093 people 2018 down 17.9% falling
95 Eswatini 135,383 people 2024 down 35.3% falling
96 United Kingdom 118,884 people 2024 up 5.6% rising
97 Sao Tome and Principe 107,260 people 2024 down 1.5% falling
98 Latvia 98,652 people 2024 down 35.0% falling
99 Tunisia 95,208 people 2024 down 86.0% volatile
100 Jordan 91,048 people 2024 up 75.1% rising
101 Vanuatu 89,649 people 2024 up 21.5% rising
102 Saudi Arabia 75,900 people 2024 up 11.9% rising
103 El Salvador 75,817 people 2024 down 71.6% volatile
104 Thailand 75,669 people 2024 down 87.3% volatile
105 Tajikistan 72,720 people 2023 down 65.1% volatile
106 Japan 70,151 people 2024 up 61.9% volatile
107 Lithuania 61,535 people 2024 down 68.9% volatile
108 Sri Lanka 60,195 people 2024 down 93.7% volatile
109 Azerbaijan 59,330 people 2024 down 93.9% volatile
110 Sweden 58,842 people 2024 up 72.3% volatile
111 Cape Verde 52,852 people 2024 down 60.2% falling
112 Croatia 52,427 people 2021 down 11.9% falling
113 Kiribati 49,496 people 2024 down 9.2% falling
114 Costa Rica 45,009 people 2024 down 53.9% falling
115 Syria 40,639 people 2024 down 87.5% volatile
116 Jamaica 36,541 people 2024 down 30.9% falling
117 Paraguay 33,929 people 2024 down 94.6% volatile
118 Belize 30,320 people 2024 up 16.3% rising
119 Suriname 24,937 people 2024 down 29.7% falling
120 United Arab Emirates 22,977 people 2024 up 36.5% rising
121 Greenland 20,996 people 2022 down 0.3% flat
122 Belarus 20,975 people 2024 down 58.3% falling
123 Bhutan 20,708 people 2024 down 86.4% volatile
124 Trinidad and Tobago 20,081 people 2024 up 25.1% rising
125 French Guiana 18,106 people 2024 down 3.8% rising
126 Slovenia 17,113 people 2024 up 93.0% volatile
127 Palestine 15,291 people 2024 down 45.6% falling
128 Turkmenistan 15,231 people 2024 down 55.6% falling
129 Uruguay 13,977 people 2024 down 71.2% falling
130 Montenegro 12,115 people 2024 down 48.4% falling
131 Dominica 11,274 people 2017 down 32.6% falling
132 Saint Lucia 11,152 people 2022 down 14.1% falling
133 Micronesia (country) 10,588 people 2020 down 71.1% volatile
134 Mauritius 10,081 people 2024 down 42.4% falling
135 North Macedonia 9,895 people 2024 down 82.4% volatile
136 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 8,892 people 2018 down 50.0% falling
137 Ukraine 8,767 people 2024 down 98.2% volatile
138 Italy 8,580 people 2024 up 2.1% rising
139 Bahamas 7,931 people 2019 down 41.3% falling
140 Israel 7,503 people 2024 up 271.9% volatile
141 Cyprus 7,095 people 2024 up 27.7% rising
142 French Polynesia 7,017 people 2024 up 6.7% rising
143 Grenada 6,025 people 2024 up 18.0% rising
144 Cayman Islands 4,929 people 2024 up 56.4% rising
145 Reunion 4,827 people 2024 down 22.2% falling
146 Faroe Islands 4,457 people 2015 up 0.9% flat
147 Albania 3,798 people 2024 down 92.4% volatile
148 Estonia 3,795 people 2024 up 8.7% rising
149 Marshall Islands 3,566 people 2024 down 41.0% falling
150 Guyana 2,923 people 2024 down 92.8% volatile
151 Austria 2,545 people 2024 up 39.0% volatile
152 Slovakia 2,543 people 2024 down 32.3% falling
153 Qatar 1,934 people 2024 up 37.4% rising
155 Saint Kitts and Nevis 1,740 people 2017 down 51.5% falling
156 Tonga 1,555 people 2024 down 73.7% falling
157 Curacao 1,400 people 2017 down 25.7% falling
158 Guam 1,345 people 2024 down 40.3% falling
159 Aruba 1,254 people 2024 down 17.8% falling
160 British Virgin Islands 1,064 people 2016 up 36.7% rising
162 Samoa 1,010 people 2024 down 67.9% falling
163 Wallis and Futuna 794.47 people 2024 up 12.1% rising
164 American Samoa 730.22 people 2024 down 6.5% flat
165 United States Virgin Islands 629.25 people 2024 down 24.8% falling
166 Turks and Caicos Islands 600.55 people 2024 up 19.6% rising
167 Sint Maarten (Dutch part) 475.35 people 2017 up 3.4% falling
168 Nauru 428.55 people 2024 up 11.9% rising
169 Antigua and Barbuda 369.72 people 2024 down 90.7% volatile
170 Tuvalu 299.62 people 2024 down 61.9% falling
171 Kyrgyzstan 188.6 people 2024 down 99.7% volatile
172 Palau 172.55 people 2024 down 68.3% volatile
173 Cook Islands 162.86 people 2024 down 64.0% falling
174 Anguilla 132.7 people 2017 down 72.0% volatile
175 Northern Mariana Islands 106.9 people 2024 down 91.2% volatile
176 Netherlands 82.05 people 2024 down 21.1% rising
178 Bermuda 37.71 people 2024 up 18.7% rising
179 Niue 37.5 people 2024 up 67.3% rising
181 Bulgaria 13.4 people 2024 down 26.3% falling
182 Belgium 6.27 people 2024 down 61.4% volatile
183 Saint Pierre and Miquelon 3.6 people 2024 up 5.8% rising
184 Finland 1.71 people 2024 down 17.7% falling
185 Chile 1.5 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Andorra 0 people 2024 volatile
186 Australia 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Bahrain 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Barbados 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Brunei 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Switzerland 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Czechia 0 people 2024 volatile
186 Germany 0 people 2024 flat
186 Denmark 0 people 2024 flat
186 Spain 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Fiji 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 France 0 people 2024 flat
186 Gibraltar 0 people 2024 flat
186 Greece 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Hungary 0 people 2024 flat
186 Isle of Man 0 people 2024 flat
186 Iran 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Iceland 0 people 2024 volatile
186 Kazakhstan 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Kuwait 0 people 2024 flat
186 Lebanon 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Macao 0 people 2024 flat
186 Saint Martin (French part) 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Monaco 0 people 2024 flat
186 Maldives 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Mexico 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Malaysia 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 New Caledonia 0 people 2024 flat
186 Norway 0 people 2024 volatile
186 New Zealand 0 people 2024 volatile
186 Oman 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Poland 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Puerto Rico 0 people 2024 volatile
186 Portugal 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Singapore 0 people 2024 flat
186 San Marino 0 people 2024 flat
186 Seychelles 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Montserrat 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Bonaire Sint Eustatius and Saba 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Falkland Islands 0 people 2024 flat
186 Guernsey 0 people 2024 flat
186 Jersey 0 people 2024 flat
186 Saint Barthelemy 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Saint Helena 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile
186 Tokelau 0 people 2024 down 100.0% volatile

About this data

Indicator
People not using improved sanitation facilities
Unit
people
Source
WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (2025) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
232 places, 5,597 data points, 2000–2024
Last refreshed

If no improved sanitation facility is available, people might practice open defecation or use unimproved sanitation facilities.