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📚 Reference Data statistics

5,216 indicators covering reference data, each with the full history for every country that reports it, ranked and free to download.

All reference data indicators

14_Debt securities held by nonresidents, per capita 213 places, 1997–2025
15_Debt securities held by nonresidents, total, short term, per capita 213 places, 2001–2025
14_Debt securities held by nonresidents 215 places, 1997–2025
15_Debt securities held by nonresidents, total, short term 215 places, 2001–2025
14_Debt securities held by nonresidents, per unit of GDP 209 places, 1997–2025
15_Debt securities held by nonresidents, total, short term, per unit of GDP 209 places, 2001–2025
Net food imports by crop - Maize, annual growth rate 173 places, 1962–2019
Net food imports by crop - Wheat, annual growth rate 168 places, 1962–2019
Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals 196 places, 1996–2023
Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people 196 places, 1996–2023
Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals, per capita 196 places, 1996–2023
Area burned by wildfires by land cover type 225 places, 2002–2025
Area burned by wildfires by land cover type, per capita 206 places, 2002–2025
Wildfire area burned by land cover type 225 places, 2002–2025
Wildfire area burned by land cover type, per capita 206 places, 2002–2025
Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals, per unit of GDP 195 places, 1996–2023
Total Reserves 175 places, 1990–2025
Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals, per square kilometre 196 places, 1996–2023
Rule of Law - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) 207 places, 1996–2024
Rule of Law - Governance score (0-100) 207 places, 1996–2024
Arrivals of tourists from abroad per 1,000 people 203 places, 1995–2024
Voice and Accountability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) 207 places, 1996–2024
Voice and Accountability - Governance score (0-100) 207 places, 1996–2024
Total Reserves, per capita 174 places, 1990–2025
School life expectancy, pre-primary, both sexes (years) 236 places, 1970–2020
Total Reserves, per unit of GDP 174 places, 1990–2025
Political Stability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) 207 places, 1996–2024
Political Stability - Governance score (0-100) 207 places, 1996–2024
Control of Corruption - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) 205 places, 1996–2024
Control of Corruption - Governance score (0-100) 205 places, 1996–2024
Net food imports by crop - Soybeans 165 places, 1961–2019
Net food imports by crop - Soybeans, gaps filled 165 places, 1961–2019
Annual temperature anomalies 193 places, 1940–2025
Average annual surface temperature 193 places, 1940–2025
Cooling and heating degree days by NUTS 2 regions - annual data 1751 places, 1980–2025
Cooling and heating degree days by NUTS 2 regions - monthly data 1751 places, 1980–2025
Do more people live in urban or rural areas? 239 places, 1000–2025
Elected parliament and government 198 places, 1789–2025
Elections recently led to a change in government 198 places, 1789–2025
Gas consumption per person 219 places, 1965–2025
Oil consumption per person 219 places, 1965–2025
Political liberties 198 places, 1789–2025
Political opposition 198 places, 1789–2025
Red List Index 247 places, 1980–2025
Urban area over the long-term 202 places, 1000–2025
Government Effectiveness - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) 205 places, 1996–2024
Government Effectiveness - Governance score (0-100) 205 places, 1996–2024
Regulatory Quality - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) 205 places, 1996–2024
Regulatory Quality - Governance score (0-100) 205 places, 1996–2024
Emission Totals - Direct emissions (N2O) - Synthetic Fertilizers, annual growth rate 164 places, 1962–2019
Emission Totals - Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) - Synthetic Fertilizers, annual growth rate 164 places, 1962–2019
Emission Totals - Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O (AR5) - Synthetic Fertilizers, annual growth rate 164 places, 1962–2019
Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Synthetic Fertilizers, annual growth rate 164 places, 1962–2019
Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Synthetic Fertilizers, annual growth rate 164 places, 1962–2019
Minimum daily requirement of calories 195 places, 2000–2024
Share of the population with access to clean fuels for cooking 194 places, 2000–2024
Regulatory Quality - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5), per unit of GDP 204 places, 1996–2024
Civil Liberties Score 197 places, 2003–2025
Government Effectiveness - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5), per unit of GDP 204 places, 1996–2024
Emission Totals - Direct emissions (N2O) - Synthetic Fertilizers, per capita 163 places, 1961–2019

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