Voice and Accountability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) in San Marino
San Marino: Voice and Accountability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) was 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 in 2025. ▼ Falling
Voice and Accountability - Governance estimate in San Marino, 1996–2025
Source: The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Revised Methodology for Measuring Governance Using Perception Data., World Bank Group (WBG). Measured in approx. -2.5 to +2.5.
Analysis
In 2025, voice and accountability - governance estimate in San Marino stood at 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 0.2% on the previous year and down 1.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, voice and accountability - governance estimate in San Marino peaked at 1.32 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 in 1996 and was at its lowest, 1.17 approx. -2.5 to +2.5, in 2021.
San Marino ranks 22nd of 208 countries on this measure, in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 27 years of available data.
Voice and Accountability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) in San Marino, year by year
| Year | approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 1.32 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | — |
| 1998 | 1.32 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.1% |
| 2000 | 1.32 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +0.1% |
| 2002 | 1.25 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -5.3% |
| 2003 | 1.21 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -3.5% |
| 2004 | 1.19 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -1.4% |
| 2005 | 1.25 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +5.0% |
| 2006 | 1.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +0.3% |
| 2007 | 1.25 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.2% |
| 2008 | 1.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +0.1% |
| 2009 | 1.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +0.1% |
| 2010 | 1.25 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.1% |
| 2011 | 1.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +0.2% |
| 2012 | 1.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +0.3% |
| 2013 | 1.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.2% |
| 2014 | 1.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +0.2% |
| 2015 | 1.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +0.0% |
| 2016 | 1.19 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -5.4% |
| 2017 | 1.19 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.1% |
| 2018 | 1.18 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.8% |
| 2019 | 1.18 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.0% |
| 2020 | 1.18 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.1% |
| 2021 | 1.17 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.6% |
| 2022 | 1.25 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | +6.3% |
| 2023 | 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.2% |
| 2024 | 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.1% |
| 2025 | 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | -0.2% |
San Marino compared with similar countries
- San Marino's 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 is above the median for high income countries, which is 1.02 approx. -2.5 to +2.5, 1.2× the median. (76 countries reporting)
- San Marino's 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.881 approx. -2.5 to +2.5, 1.4× the median. (54 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 1.32 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 1.32 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 1.32 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2 |
| 2000s | 1.25 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 1.19 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 1.32 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 9 |
| 2010s | 1.23 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 1.18 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 1.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.22 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 1.17 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 1.25 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 6 |
Countries ranked near San Marino
More reference data data for San Marino
- Exchange rate, new LCU per USD extended backward, period average 0.8597 (2026)
- Exchange rate, old LCU per USD extended forward, period average 0.8597 (2026)
- Official exchange rate, LCU per USD, period average 0.8597 (2026)
- Civil liberties rating, gaps filled 1 (2025)
- Civil liberties rating, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Free country, gaps filled 2 (2025)
- Civil liberties rating, per capita 0 units per person (2025)
- Universal suffrage lexical 2 (2025)
- Competitive elections lexical 1 (2025)
- Elections legislature lexical 1 (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is voice and accountability - governance estimate in San Marino?
- Voice and accountability - governance estimate in San Marino was 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 in 2025, according to The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Revised Methodology for Measuring Governance Using Perception Data., World Bank Group (WBG).
- What is the highest voice and accountability - governance estimate recorded in San Marino?
- The highest recorded value was 1.32 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 in 1996.
- What is the lowest voice and accountability - governance estimate recorded in San Marino?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.17 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 in 2021.
- How does San Marino rank for voice and accountability - governance estimate?
- San Marino ranks 22nd out of 208 countries with data for 2025.
- Is voice and accountability - governance estimate rising or falling in San Marino?
- Over the last ten years it is down 1.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this San Marino data come from?
- The figures come from The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Revised Methodology for Measuring Governance Using Perception Data., World Bank Group (WBG), published as part of Voice and Accountability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Voice and Accountability (VA) captures perceptions of the extent to which citizens can participate in selecting their government including electoral integrity, and of accountability mechanisms for citizens—reflected in the ability to access information, governmental oversight bodies, and a robust traditional/digital media landscape. Governance estimate from the aggregation model, in units of a standard normal distribution, i.e. ranging from approximately -2.5 to 2.5. Larger values correspond to better governance. The (country-series-time) metadata include the (a) number of sources, and (b) standard error. The number of sources indicates the number of underlying data sources on which the governance estimate is based. The standard error indicates the precision of the governance estimate. Larger values indicate less precise estimates. A 90% confidence interval for the governance estimate is given by the estimate +/- 1.64 times the standard error.