R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D in Italy
Italy: R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D was 544,094 Persons in 2019. ▲ Rising
R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D in Italy, 1985–2019
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Persons.
Analysis
In 2019, r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d in Italy stood at 544,094 Persons. That is the highest value across all 34 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 3.3% on the previous year and up 53.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d in Italy peaked at 544,094 Persons in 2019 and was at its lowest, 146,976 Persons, in 1985.
Italy ranks 3rd of 23 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 34 years of available data.
R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D in Italy, year by year
| Year | Persons | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 146,976 Persons | — |
| 1986 | 152,548 Persons | +3.8% |
| 1987 | 160,434 Persons | +5.2% |
| 1988 | 170,003 Persons | +6.0% |
| 1989 | 176,649 Persons | +3.9% |
| 1990 | 179,978 Persons | +1.9% |
| 1991 | 179,900 Persons | -0.0% |
| 1992 | 179,740 Persons | -0.1% |
| 1993 | 179,557 Persons | -0.1% |
| 1994 | 183,850 Persons | +2.4% |
| 1995 | 183,812 Persons | -0.0% |
| 1996 | 185,641 Persons | +1.0% |
| 1998 | 221,084 Persons | +19.1% |
| 1999 | 215,562 Persons | -2.5% |
| 2000 | 228,702 Persons | +6.1% |
| 2001 | 236,077 Persons | +3.2% |
| 2002 | 253,084 Persons | +7.2% |
| 2003 | 249,889 Persons | -1.3% |
| 2004 | 255,535 Persons | +2.3% |
| 2005 | 277,370 Persons | +8.5% |
| 2006 | 306,088 Persons | +10.4% |
| 2007 | 334,503 Persons | +9.3% |
| 2008 | 353,267 Persons | +5.6% |
| 2009 | 354,513 Persons | +0.4% |
| 2010 | 348,215 Persons | -1.8% |
| 2011 | 347,005 Persons | -0.3% |
| 2012 | 364,315 Persons | +5.0% |
| 2013 | 372,444 Persons | +2.2% |
| 2014 | 371,117 Persons | -0.4% |
| 2015 | 389,604 Persons | +5.0% |
| 2016 | 435,283 Persons | +11.7% |
| 2017 | 482,703 Persons | +10.9% |
| 2018 | 526,620 Persons | +9.1% |
| 2019 | 544,094 Persons | +3.3% |
Italy compared with similar countries
- Italy's 544,094 Persons is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 124,586 Persons, 4.4× the median. (20 countries reporting)
- Italy's 544,094 Persons is above the median for high income countries, which is 124,586 Persons, 4.4× the median. (20 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 161,322 Persons | 146,976 Persons | 176,649 Persons | 5 |
| 1990s | 189,903 Persons | 179,557 Persons | 221,084 Persons | 9 |
| 2000s | 284,903 Persons | 228,702 Persons | 354,513 Persons | 10 |
| 2010s | 418,140 Persons | 347,005 Persons | 544,094 Persons | 10 |
Countries ranked near Italy
- 1 Türkiye 321,392 Persons compare
- 1 Germany 1.04 million Persons compare
- 2 Russia 839,338 Persons compare
- 3 Poland 271,025 Persons compare
- 4 France 415,061 Persons compare
- 4 Netherlands 226,732 Persons compare
- 5 Spain 377,862 Persons compare
- 6 Taiwan 157,225 Persons compare
- 6 Slovenia 25,062 Persons compare
More reference data data for Italy
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 2.5 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 1.48 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 8.94 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.927 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 8.94 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 8.37 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure Management 5.21 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 6.51 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 41.74 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 5.05 (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d in Italy?
- R&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d in Italy was 544,094 Persons in 2019, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d recorded in Italy?
- The highest recorded value was 544,094 Persons in 2019.
- What is the lowest r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d recorded in Italy?
- The lowest recorded value was 146,976 Persons in 1985.
- How does Italy rank for r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d?
- Italy ranks 3rd out of 23 countries with data for 2019.
- Is r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d rising or falling in Italy?
- Over the last ten years it is up 53.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Italy data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
This table contains research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in both headcounts and full-time equivalent on R&D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by field of research (natural sciences, engineering and technology, medical and health sciences, agricultural and veterinary sciences, social sciences, and humanities and the arts).