R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D in Spain
Spain: R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D was 377,862 Persons in 2019. ▲ Rising
R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D in Spain, 1988–2019
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Persons.
Analysis
In 2019, r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d in Spain stood at 377,862 Persons. That is the highest value across all 28 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 2.3% on the previous year and up 5.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d in Spain peaked at 377,862 Persons in 2019 and was at its lowest, 87,797 Persons, in 1988.
That places Spain 5th out of 23 countries with data for 2019, putting it in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 28 years of available data.
R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D in Spain, year by year
| Year | Persons | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1988 | 87,797 Persons | — |
| 1989 | 99,819 Persons | +13.7% |
| 1990 | 108,546 Persons | +8.7% |
| 1991 | 115,274 Persons | +6.2% |
| 1992 | 119,440 Persons | +3.6% |
| 1993 | 122,275 Persons | +2.4% |
| 1994 | 134,587 Persons | +10.1% |
| 1995 | 147,046 Persons | +9.3% |
| 1997 | 155,117 Persons | +5.5% |
| 1999 | 178,189 Persons | +14.9% |
| 2001 | 209,011 Persons | +17.3% |
| 2002 | 232,019 Persons | +11.0% |
| 2003 | 249,969 Persons | +7.7% |
| 2005 | 282,804 Persons | +13.1% |
| 2006 | 309,893 Persons | +9.6% |
| 2007 | 331,192 Persons | +6.9% |
| 2008 | 352,611 Persons | +6.5% |
| 2009 | 358,803 Persons | +1.8% |
| 2010 | 360,229 Persons | +0.4% |
| 2011 | 353,911 Persons | -1.8% |
| 2012 | 342,901 Persons | -3.1% |
| 2013 | 333,134 Persons | -2.8% |
| 2014 | 332,871 Persons | -0.1% |
| 2015 | 338,179 Persons | +1.6% |
| 2016 | 341,809 Persons | +1.1% |
| 2017 | 354,333 Persons | +3.7% |
| 2018 | 369,291 Persons | +4.2% |
| 2019 | 377,862 Persons | +2.3% |
Spain compared with similar countries
- Spain's 377,862 Persons is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 124,586 Persons, 3.0× the median. (20 countries reporting)
- Spain's 377,862 Persons is above the median for high income countries, which is 124,586 Persons, 3.0× the median. (20 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 93,808 Persons | 87,797 Persons | 99,819 Persons | 2 |
| 1990s | 135,059 Persons | 108,546 Persons | 178,189 Persons | 8 |
| 2000s | 290,788 Persons | 209,011 Persons | 358,803 Persons | 8 |
| 2010s | 350,452 Persons | 332,871 Persons | 377,862 Persons | 10 |
Countries ranked near Spain
- 2 Russia 839,338 Persons compare
- 3 Italy 544,094 Persons compare
- 3 Poland 271,025 Persons compare
- 4 France 415,061 Persons compare
- 4 Netherlands 226,732 Persons compare
- 6 Taiwan 157,225 Persons compare
- 6 Slovenia 25,062 Persons compare
- 7 Belgium 148,062 Persons compare
- 7 Lithuania 24,699 Persons compare
- 8 Austria 147,072 Persons compare
- 8 Latvia 12,550 Persons compare
More reference data data for Spain
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 3.18 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 2.85 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 11.76 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.898 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 11.76 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 10.67 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure Management 6.03 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 11.06 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 52.4 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 4.89 (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d in Spain?
- R&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d in Spain was 377,862 Persons in 2019, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 377,862 Persons in 2019.
- What is the lowest r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 87,797 Persons in 1988.
- How does Spain rank for r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d?
- Spain ranks 5th out of 23 countries with data for 2019.
- Is r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is up 5.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
This table contains research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in both headcounts and full-time equivalent on R&D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by field of research (natural sciences, engineering and technology, medical and health sciences, agricultural and veterinary sciences, social sciences, and humanities and the arts).