Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data by country
Countries reporting
35
Highest
4.53 million
Germany
Lowest
24,664
Malta
Median
249,726
Years covered
31
1995–2025
Data points
1,209
What the numbers show
Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data is currently reported for 35 countries. The highest value is 4.53 million in Germany; the lowest is 24,664 in Malta.
The median across all reporting countries is 249,726, and the mean is 613,029.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 184.
Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 4.53 million | 2025 | up 46.4% | rising |
| 2 | France | 2.99 million | 2025 | up 35.9% | rising |
| 3 | Italy | 2.27 million | 2025 | up 36.4% | rising |
| 4 | Spain | 1.69 million | 2025 | up 55.5% | rising |
| 5 | Netherlands | 1.18 million | 2025 | up 68.7% | rising |
| 6 | Netherlands | 1.17 million | 2025 | up 67.4% | rising |
| 7 | Poland | 923,507 | 2025 | up 113.5% | volatile |
| 8 | Poland | 922,866 | 2025 | up 113.4% | volatile |
| 9 | Belgium | 640,853 | 2025 | up 54.2% | rising |
| 10 | Ireland | 602,441 | 2025 | up 121.4% | volatile |
| 11 | Sweden | 600,391 | 2025 | up 32.7% | rising |
| 12 | Austria | 518,196 | 2025 | up 51.5% | rising |
| 13 | Denmark | 417,844 | 2025 | up 53.5% | rising |
| 14 | Romania | 382,740 | 2025 | up 138.8% | volatile |
| 15 | Czechia | 347,259 | 2025 | up 103.6% | volatile |
| 16 | Portugal | 308,538 | 2025 | up 72.0% | rising |
| 17 | Finland | 281,783 | 2025 | up 34.1% | rising |
| 18 | Greece | 249,726 | 2025 | up 42.4% | rising |
| 19 | Hungary | 219,493 | 2025 | up 94.5% | rising |
| 20 | Slovakia | 138,735 | 2025 | up 72.6% | volatile |
| 21 | Slovakia | 136,754 | 2025 | up 70.1% | volatile |
| 22 | Bulgaria | 116,548 | 2025 | up 154.5% | volatile |
| 23 | Croatia | 94,026 | 2025 | up 107.2% | rising |
| 24 | Croatia | 92,975 | 2025 | up 104.4% | rising |
| 25 | Luxembourg | 91,342 | 2025 | up 68.7% | rising |
| 26 | Lithuania | 85,112 | 2025 | up 127.3% | volatile |
| 27 | Lithuania | 84,258 | 2025 | up 125.0% | volatile |
| 28 | Slovenia | 71,171 | 2025 | up 84.9% | rising |
| 29 | Slovenia | 70,486 | 2025 | up 83.1% | rising |
| 30 | Latvia | 43,648 | 2025 | up 83.8% | volatile |
| 31 | Latvia | 43,026 | 2025 | up 81.2% | volatile |
| 32 | Estonia | 41,875 | 2025 | up 99.3% | volatile |
| 33 | Estonia | 41,621 | 2025 | up 98.1% | volatile |
| 34 | Cyprus | 38,314 | 2025 | up 113.5% | rising |
| 35 | Malta | 24,664 | 2025 | up 141.3% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 18.88 million
- Euro area – 21 countries (from 2026) 15.99 million
- Euro area – 20 countries (2023-2025) 15.88 million
- Euro area - 19 countries (2015-2022) 15.78 million