What is clientelism index in Panama?

Clientelism index in Panama was 0.596 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.

What is the highest clientelism index recorded in Panama?

The highest recorded value was 0.908 in 1984.

What is the lowest clientelism index recorded in Panama?

The lowest recorded value was 0.58 in 1990.

How does Panama rank for clientelism index?

Panama ranks 62nd out of 176 countries with data for 2025.

Is clientelism index rising or falling in Panama?

Over the last ten years it is down 7.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.

Where does this Panama data come from?

The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Clientelism Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Clientelism Index in Panama

Name: Clientelism Index in Panama
Creator: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
License: CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)

Panama: Clientelism Index was 0.596 in 2025. ▼ Falling

Latest (2025)

0.596

Change on year

down 3.1%

World rank

62nd

of 176 countries

All-time high

0.908

in 1984

All-time low

0.58

in 1990

Years of data

123

1903–2025

Clientelism Index in Panama, 1903–2025

Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.

Analysis

The most recent figure for clientelism index in Panama is 0.596, measured in 2025.

That represents a change of down 3.1% on the previous year and down 7.9% over ten years.

Over the whole period, clientelism index in Panama peaked at 0.908 in 1984 and was at its lowest, 0.58, in 1990.

That places Panama 62nd out of 176 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 123 years of available data.

Clientelism Index in Panama, year by year

Annual values for Clientelism Index in Panama, 1903 to 2025.
Year	Value	Change
1903	0.858	—
1904	0.868	+1.2%
1905	0.868	+0.0%
1906	0.874	+0.7%
1907	0.88	+0.7%
1908	0.876	-0.5%
1909	0.872	-0.5%
1910	0.878	+0.7%
1911	0.884	+0.7%
1912	0.88	-0.5%
1913	0.877	-0.3%
1914	0.878	+0.1%
1915	0.879	+0.1%
1916	0.879	+0.0%
1917	0.878	-0.1%
1918	0.875	-0.3%
1919	0.863	-1.4%
1920	0.861	-0.2%
1921	0.86	-0.1%
1922	0.86	+0.0%
1923	0.86	+0.0%
1924	0.865	+0.6%
1925	0.87	+0.6%
1926	0.87	+0.0%
1927	0.87	+0.0%
1928	0.866	-0.5%
1929	0.861	-0.6%
1930	0.861	+0.0%
1931	0.861	+0.0%
1932	0.86	-0.1%
1933	0.86	+0.0%
1934	0.86	+0.0%
1935	0.86	+0.0%
1936	0.859	-0.1%
1937	0.859	+0.0%
1938	0.859	+0.0%
1939	0.859	+0.0%
1940	0.861	+0.2%
1941	0.862	+0.1%
1942	0.862	+0.0%
1943	0.862	+0.0%
1944	0.862	+0.0%
1945	0.865	+0.3%
1946	0.867	+0.2%
1947	0.867	+0.0%
1948	0.714	-17.6%
1949	0.817	+14.4%
1950	0.817	+0.0%
1951	0.817	+0.0%
1952	0.818	+0.1%
1953	0.819	+0.1%
1954	0.819	+0.0%
1955	0.819	+0.0%
1956	0.818	-0.1%
1957	0.818	+0.0%
1958	0.818	+0.0%
1959	0.818	+0.0%
1960	0.819	+0.1%
1961	0.82	+0.1%
1962	0.82	+0.0%
1963	0.82	+0.0%
1964	0.817	-0.4%
1965	0.815	-0.2%
1966	0.815	+0.0%
1967	0.815	+0.0%
1968	0.786	-3.6%
1969	0.718	-8.7%
1970	0.718	+0.0%
1971	0.718	+0.0%
1972	0.682	-5.0%
1973	0.628	-7.9%
1974	0.628	+0.0%
1975	0.628	+0.0%
1976	0.628	+0.0%
1977	0.628	+0.0%
1978	0.635	+1.1%
1979	0.645	+1.6%
1980	0.706	+9.5%
1981	0.852	+20.7%
1982	0.854	+0.2%
1983	0.854	+0.0%
1984	0.908	+6.3%
1985	0.906	-0.2%
1986	0.906	+0.0%
1987	0.906	+0.0%
1988	0.906	+0.0%
1989	0.831	-8.3%
1990	0.58	-30.2%
1991	0.676	+16.6%
1992	0.683	+1.0%
1993	0.683	+0.0%
1994	0.683	+0.0%
1995	0.684	+0.1%
1996	0.684	+0.0%
1997	0.684	+0.0%
1998	0.684	+0.0%
1999	0.681	-0.4%
2000	0.691	+1.5%
2001	0.691	+0.0%
2002	0.691	+0.0%
2003	0.691	+0.0%
2004	0.696	+0.7%
2005	0.679	-2.4%
2006	0.679	+0.0%
2007	0.679	+0.0%
2008	0.679	+0.0%
2009	0.684	+0.7%
2010	0.717	+4.8%
2011	0.717	+0.0%
2012	0.717	+0.0%
2013	0.692	-3.5%
2014	0.674	-2.6%
2015	0.647	-4.0%
2016	0.647	+0.0%
2017	0.647	+0.0%
2018	0.647	+0.0%
2019	0.644	-0.5%
2020	0.65	+0.9%
2021	0.647	-0.5%
2022	0.625	-3.4%
2023	0.632	+1.1%
2024	0.615	-2.7%
2025	0.596	-3.1%

Panama compared with similar countries

Panama's 0.596 is above the median for high income countries, which is 0.131, 4.5× the median. (55 countries reporting)
Panama's 0.596 is above the median for Latin America & Caribbean, which is 0.514, 1.2× the median. (25 countries reporting)

Biggest year-on-year movements

Years where Clientelism Index in Panama changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.

Year	Change	From	To
1990	-30.2%	0.831	0.58

Averages by decade

Decade	Average	Lowest	Highest	Years
1900s	0.8709	0.858	0.88	7
1910s	0.8771	0.863	0.884	10
1920s	0.8643	0.86	0.87	10
1930s	0.8598	0.859	0.861	10
1940s	0.8439	0.714	0.867	10
1950s	0.8181	0.817	0.819	10
1960s	0.8045	0.718	0.82	10
1970s	0.6538	0.628	0.718	10
1980s	0.8629	0.706	0.908	10
1990s	0.6722	0.58	0.684	10
2000s	0.686	0.679	0.696	10
2010s	0.6749	0.644	0.717	10
2020s	0.6275	0.596	0.65	6

Countries ranked near Panama

59 Bulgaria 0.618 compare
60 Egypt 0.6 compare
61 Sudan 0.598 compare
62 Colombia 0.596 compare
62 Kuwait 0.596 compare
62 Peru 0.596 compare

See the full ranking of 176 places →

More reference data data for Panama

Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.1446 (2050)
Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 0.6179 (2050)
Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 0.9793 (2050)
Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.0285 (2050)
Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 0.9793 (2050)
Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.4849 (2050)
Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure Management 0.2267 (2050)
Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 3.44 (2050)
Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 5.08 (2050)
Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.1553 (2050)

All data for Panama →

Frequently asked questions

What is clientelism index in Panama?: Clientelism index in Panama was 0.596 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
What is the highest clientelism index recorded in Panama?: The highest recorded value was 0.908 in 1984.
What is the lowest clientelism index recorded in Panama?: The lowest recorded value was 0.58 in 1990.
How does Panama rank for clientelism index?: Panama ranks 62nd out of 176 countries with data for 2025.
Is clientelism index rising or falling in Panama?: Over the last ten years it is down 7.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
Where does this Panama data come from?: The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Clientelism Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Clientelism Index in Panama. Statizoid, drawing on V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Retrieved 22 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/clientelism-index/panama/

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About this data

Indicator: Clientelism Index
Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage: 176 places, 24,366 data points, 1789–2025
Last refreshed: 18 September 2026

Composite index measuring the extent to which politics hinge on clientelistic exchanges of targeted goods, jobs, or cash for electoral support; higher values denote more pervasive clientelism.