Total Reserves in Upper middle income

Upper middle income: Total Reserves was 5.57 million in 2025. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2025)
5.57 million
Change on year
up 7.7%
Rank
2nd
of 10 groups
All-time high
5.60 million
in 2013
All-time low
105,669
in 1990
Years of data
36
1990–2025

Total Reserves in Upper middle income, 1990–2025

02.0M4.0M6.0M1990200720251990: 105.7k1991: 137.1k1992: 141.4k1993: 175.6k1994: 234.2k1995: 292.4k1996: 356.8k1997: 385.4k1998: 397.6k1999: 416.8k2000: 428.3k2001: 497.9k2002: 614.4k2003: 802.4k2004: 1.1M2005: 1.4M2006: 1.8M2007: 2.5M2008: 3.1M2009: 3.6M2010: 4.3M2011: 4.8M2012: 5.1M2013: 5.6M2014: 5.6M2015: 4.9M2016: 4.6M2017: 4.8M2018: 4.7M2019: 4.8M2020: 5.0M2021: 5.1M2022: 4.9M2023: 5.2M2024: 5.2M2025: 5.6M

Source: World Bank staff calculations based on Datastream data.

Analysis

In 2025, total reserves in Upper middle income stood at 5.57 million.

Compared with earlier readings it is up 7.7% on the previous year and up 13.8% over ten years.

Over the whole period, total reserves in Upper middle income peaked at 5.60 million in 2013 and was at its lowest, 105,669, in 1990.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 264,312 105,669 416,848 10
2000s 1.58 million 428,291 3.64 million 10
2010s 4.92 million 4.30 million 5.60 million 10
2020s 5.16 million 4.94 million 5.57 million 6

Countries ranked near Upper middle income

  1. 1 China 3.43 million compare
  2. 2 Japan 1.25 million compare
  3. 3 Switzerland 931,687 compare
  4. 4 Russia 754,853 compare
  5. 5 India 687,734 compare

See the full ranking of 175 places →

More reference data data for Upper middle income

All data for Upper middle income →

Frequently asked questions

What is total reserves in Upper middle income?
Total reserves in Upper middle income was 5.57 million in 2025, according to World Bank staff calculations based on Datastream data.
What is the highest total reserves recorded in Upper middle income?
The highest recorded value was 5.60 million in 2013.
What is the lowest total reserves recorded in Upper middle income?
The lowest recorded value was 105,669 in 1990.
How does Upper middle income rank for total reserves?
Upper middle income ranks 2nd out of 10 groups with data for 2025.
Is total reserves rising or falling in Upper middle income?
Over the last ten years it is up 13.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Upper middle income data come from?
The figures come from World Bank staff calculations based on Datastream data, published as part of Total Reserves. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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About this data

Indicator
Total Reserves
Source
World Bank staff calculations based on Datastream data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
175 places, 4,420 data points, 1990–2025
Last refreshed

Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities.