Public social spending as share of GDP in Estonia

Estonia: Public social spending as share of GDP was 17.2% in 2023. ▲ Rising

Latest (2023)
17.2%
Change on year
down 0.9%
World rank
30th
of 42 countries
All-time high
21.4%
in 2006
All-time low
12.6%
in 2007
Years of data
25
1999–2023

Public social spending as share of GDP in Estonia, 1999–2023

051015201999201120231999: 15.2 % of GDP2000: 13.9 % of GDP2001: 13.1 % of GDP2002: 12.8 % of GDP2003: 13.1 % of GDP2004: 13.5 % of GDP2005: 13.1 % of GDP2006: 21.4 % of GDP2007: 12.6 % of GDP2008: 15.5 % of GDP2009: 19.8 % of GDP2010: 18.5 % of GDP2011: 16.5 % of GDP2012: 15.9 % of GDP2013: 15.8 % of GDP2014: 16.1 % of GDP2015: 17.3 % of GDP2016: 17.5 % of GDP2017: 17 % of GDP2018: 17.5 % of GDP2019: 17.8 % of GDP2020: 20.3 % of GDP2021: 19 % of GDP2022: 17.4 % of GDP2023: 17.2 % of GDP

Source: OECD (2025); OECD (1985); Lindert (2004) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in % of GDP.

Analysis

In 2023, public social spending as share of gdp in Estonia stood at 17.2%.

The figure is down 0.9% on the previous year and up 9.2% over ten years.

Over the whole period, public social spending as share of gdp in Estonia peaked at 21.4% in 2006 and was at its lowest, 12.6%, in 2007.

That places Estonia 30th out of 42 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 25 years of available data.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 15.2% 15.2% 15.2% 1
2000s 14.9% 12.6% 21.4% 10
2010s 17.0% 15.8% 18.5% 10
2020s 18.5% 17.2% 20.3% 4

Countries ranked near Estonia

  1. 27 Netherlands 18.9% compare
  2. 28 Hungary 18.0% compare
  3. 29 Romania 17.6% compare
  4. 31 Australia 17.1% compare
  5. 32 Lithuania 16.9% compare
  6. 33 Israel 16.3% compare

See the full ranking of 42 places →

More reference data data for Estonia

All data for Estonia →

Frequently asked questions

What is public social spending as share of gdp in Estonia?
Public social spending as share of gdp in Estonia was 17.2% in 2023, according to OECD (2025); OECD (1985); Lindert (2004) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
What is the highest public social spending as share of gdp recorded in Estonia?
The highest recorded value was 21.4% in 2006.
What is the lowest public social spending as share of gdp recorded in Estonia?
The lowest recorded value was 12.6% in 2007.
How does Estonia rank for public social spending as share of gdp?
Estonia ranks 30th out of 42 countries with data for 2023.
Is public social spending as share of gdp rising or falling in Estonia?
Over the last ten years it is up 9.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this Estonia data come from?
The figures come from OECD (2025); OECD (1985); Lindert (2004) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Public social spending as share of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Download this data

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About this data

Indicator
Public social spending as share of GDP
Unit
% of GDP
Source
OECD (2025); OECD (1985); Lindert (2004) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
42 places, 1,937 data points, 1880–2024
Last refreshed

Public social expenditure divided bt gross domestic product, expressed as a percentage.