Russia vs Spain: R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D
R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D over time
- Russia
- Spain
How they compare
Russia currently reports 839,338 Persons against 377,862 Persons in Spain, a difference of 461,476 Persons.
That makes Russia's figure about 2.2 times Spain's.
Across all 12 years both countries report, Russia has been ahead every year.
Russia ranks 2nd and Spain ranks 5th of 23 countries.
Russia has averaged higher in every one of the 3 decades both report.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Russia | Spain | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 2.22 million Persons | 99,819 Persons | 2.12 million Persons | Russia |
| 1990s | 1.31 million Persons | 135,059 Persons | 1.17 million Persons | Russia |
| 2000s | 871,639 Persons | 230,333 Persons | 641,306 Persons | Russia |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d, Russia or Spain?
- Russia, at 839,338 Persons against 377,862 Persons in Spain as of 2004.
- What is the difference in r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d between Russia and Spain?
- 461,476 Persons, with Russia ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Russia and Spain?
- 12 years are reported by both, from 1989 to 2003.
- How do Russia and Spain rank globally for r&d personnel by sector of performance and major field of r&d — r&d?
- Russia ranks 2nd and Spain ranks 5th of 23 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and major field of R&D — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
This table contains research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in both headcounts and full-time equivalent on R&D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by field of research (natural sciences, engineering and technology, medical and health sciences, agricultural and veterinary sciences, social sciences, and humanities and the arts).