People not using improved sanitation facilities, per square kilometre by country
People not using improved sanitation facilities divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
202
Highest
357.53 people per square kilometre
Hong Kong
Lowest
0 people per square kilometre
Seychelles
Median
2.08 people per square kilometre
Years covered
24
2000–2023
Data points
4,921
What the numbers show
People not using improved sanitation facilities, per square kilometre is currently reported for 202 countries. The highest value is 357.53 people per square kilometre in Hong Kong; the lowest is 0 people per square kilometre in Seychelles.
The median across all reporting countries is 2.08 people per square kilometre, and the mean is 16.33 people per square kilometre.
Over the past decade 61 countries rose and 137 fell. The largest increase was in Israel (up 419.7%), and the largest decrease in Australia (down 100.0%).
People not using improved sanitation facilities, per square kilometre: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hong Kong | 357.53 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 35.0% | rising |
| 2 | Burundi | 225.8 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.1% | rising |
| 3 | Haiti | 206.29 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.9% | rising |
| 4 | Bangladesh | 181.59 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 55.7% | falling |
| 5 | Uganda | 141.93 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.3% | rising |
| 6 | Comoros | 132.36 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 26.7% | falling |
| 7 | Sao Tome and Principe | 109.72 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.9% | falling |
| 8 | Gambia | 107.52 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 67.7% | rising |
| 9 | Ethiopia | 93.16 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.7% | rising |
| 10 | Nigeria | 91.42 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 11 | Togo | 88.46 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 12 | Benin | 72.2 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.5% | rising |
| 13 | Pakistan | 66.14 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 36.4% | falling |
| 14 | Kiribati | 60.52 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.4% | falling |
| 15 | Malawi | 54.01 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 42.4% | falling |
| 16 | Sierra Leone | 48.8 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.1% | rising |
| 17 | India | 44.51 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 73.5% | falling |
| 18 | Ghana | 40.74 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.0% | rising |
| 19 | Guinea-Bissau | 40.46 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.3% | flat |
| 20 | Tanzania | 33.64 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.4% | flat |
| 21 | Madagascar | 33.25 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 22 | Burkina Faso | 32.62 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.7% | falling |
| 23 | North Korea | 31.91 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.7% | falling |
| 24 | Cote d'Ivoire | 31.81 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.1% | falling |
| 25 | Kenya | 31.2 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.3% | flat |
| 26 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 30.84 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.8% | rising |
| 27 | Guatemala | 30.61 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.1% | falling |
| 28 | Liberia | 28.8 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 29 | Lesotho | 26.41 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.7% | falling |
| 30 | Yemen | 25.26 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 31 | Mozambique | 24.52 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 32 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 22.8 people per square kilometre | 2018 | down 50.0% | falling |
| 33 | Guinea | 22.02 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 34 | Cameroon | 21.47 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.4% | rising |
| 35 | Nauru | 21.29 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 36 | Afghanistan | 21.14 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.2% | flat |
| 37 | Marshall Islands | 20.63 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 41.3% | falling |
| 38 | Eritrea | 20.21 people per square kilometre | 2016 | up 11.7% | rising |
| 39 | Senegal | 20.19 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.9% | falling |
| 40 | Cayman Islands | 20.15 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 62.1% | rising |
| 41 | Saint Lucia | 18.28 people per square kilometre | 2022 | down 14.1% | falling |
| 42 | Grenada | 17.7 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 43 | Philippines | 17.46 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 50.8% | falling |
| 44 | Solomon Islands | 17.07 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.3% | rising |
| 45 | Papua New Guinea | 16.32 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.3% | rising |
| 46 | Rwanda | 15.97 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 84.1% | falling |
| 47 | Niger | 15.33 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.2% | rising |
| 48 | Micronesia (country) | 15.13 people per square kilometre | 2020 | down 71.1% | volatile |
| 49 | Dominica | 15.03 people per square kilometre | 2017 | down 32.6% | falling |
| 50 | Zimbabwe | 14.51 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.1% | rising |
| 51 | East Timor | 14.34 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 58.5% | falling |
| 52 | South Sudan | 14.15 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 53 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 13.98 people per square kilometre | 2017 | up 8.4% | rising |
| 54 | Equatorial Guinea | 13.26 people per square kilometre | 2017 | up 20.4% | rising |
| 55 | Cape Verde | 13.15 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 63.3% | falling |
| 56 | Djibouti | 12.88 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.3% | falling |
| 57 | Chad | 12.5 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.3% | rising |
| 58 | Vietnam | 12.28 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 80.4% | falling |
| 59 | Myanmar | 11.69 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.2% | falling |
| 60 | Zambia | 11.46 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 61 | Tuvalu | 11.4 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 59.2% | falling |
| 62 | Somalia | 10.9 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.0% | rising |
| 63 | Cambodia | 10.29 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 73.5% | falling |
| 64 | Nepal | 10.04 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 84.8% | volatile |
| 65 | Indonesia | 9.78 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 66.5% | falling |
| 66 | Morocco | 9.13 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.8% | falling |
| 67 | Sudan | 8.75 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.3% | falling |
| 68 | Angola | 8.33 people per square kilometre | 2022 | up 8.0% | rising |
| 69 | Eswatini | 8.32 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 33.9% | falling |
| 70 | Moldova | 8.21 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 46.4% | falling |
| 71 | Congo | 7.77 people per square kilometre | 2021 | up 8.2% | rising |
| 72 | Romania | 7.66 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 51.7% | falling |
| 73 | Dominican Republic | 7.55 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.7% | falling |
| 74 | Vanuatu | 7.22 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.5% | rising |
| 75 | Honduras | 7.2 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 41.7% | falling |
| 76 | British Virgin Islands | 7.1 people per square kilometre | 2016 | up 36.7% | rising |
| 77 | Aruba | 6.96 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.4% | falling |
| 78 | Maldives | 6.79 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 94.1% | falling |
| 79 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 6.69 people per square kilometre | 2017 | down 51.5% | falling |
| 80 | Mali | 6.57 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.8% | flat |
| 81 | Panama | 6.25 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.1% | falling |
| 82 | Central African Republic | 5.76 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.8% | rising |
| 83 | Armenia | 5.52 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.8% | falling |
| 84 | Mauritius | 5.38 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 41.1% | falling |
| 85 | Georgia | 4.88 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 33.5% | falling |
| 86 | El Salvador | 4.38 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 68.8% | falling |
| 87 | South Africa | 4.37 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.9% | falling |
| 88 | Trinidad and Tobago | 3.85 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.9% | rising |
| 89 | American Samoa | 3.71 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.2% | flat |
| 90 | Jamaica | 3.52 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 29.9% | falling |
| 91 | Laos | 3.48 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 64.6% | falling |
| 92 | Faroe Islands | 3.19 people per square kilometre | 2015 | up 0.9% | flat |
| 93 | Peru | 3.17 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.3% | falling |
| 94 | Curacao | 3.15 people per square kilometre | 2017 | down 8.3% | falling |
| 95 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2.66 people per square kilometre | 2018 | down 17.9% | falling |
| 96 | Ireland | 2.57 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.9% | rising |
| 97 | Palestine | 2.53 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 48.8% | falling |
| 98 | Guam | 2.47 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 43.8% | falling |
| 99 | Gabon | 2.32 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.1% | rising |
| 100 | Tonga | 2.17 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 75.7% | falling |
| 101 | Egypt | 2.09 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 102 | Brazil | 2.07 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 43.3% | falling |
| 103 | Cuba | 2.05 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 51.3% | falling |
| 104 | French Polynesia | 2.01 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 105 | United States Virgin Islands | 1.81 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.9% | falling |
| 106 | Namibia | 1.72 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 107 | Ecuador | 1.72 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 67.7% | falling |
| 108 | Serbia | 1.66 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.2% | falling |
| 109 | Latvia | 1.6 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 37.1% | falling |
| 110 | Mauritania | 1.58 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.3% | falling |
| 111 | Iraq | 1.56 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 68.2% | falling |
| 112 | Azerbaijan | 1.55 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 88.0% | volatile |
| 113 | Bolivia | 1.43 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 47.1% | falling |
| 114 | Colombia | 1.43 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 42.3% | falling |
| 115 | South Korea | 1.35 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 189.8% | volatile |
| 116 | China | 1.35 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 94.2% | volatile |
| 117 | Belize | 1.32 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 118 | Uzbekistan | 1.22 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.6% | falling |
| 119 | Tunisia | 0.9935 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 79.0% | falling |
| 120 | Jordan | 0.9894 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 90.5% | rising |
| 121 | Lithuania | 0.9867 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 71.2% | volatile |
| 122 | Costa Rica | 0.9778 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 51.7% | falling |
| 123 | Sri Lanka | 0.9574 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 94.3% | volatile |
| 124 | Croatia | 0.9369 people per square kilometre | 2021 | down 11.8% | falling |
| 125 | Montenegro | 0.9035 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 53.2% | falling |
| 126 | Bhutan | 0.8853 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 79.5% | falling |
| 127 | Slovenia | 0.8498 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 120.8% | volatile |
| 128 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.836 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 92.0% | volatile |
| 129 | Bahamas | 0.7923 people per square kilometre | 2019 | down 41.3% | falling |
| 130 | Cyprus | 0.7614 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.7% | rising |
| 131 | Russia | 0.747 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 41.1% | falling |
| 132 | Bermuda | 0.6991 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.9% | rising |
| 133 | Algeria | 0.6443 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.1% | falling |
| 134 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.6285 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.9% | rising |
| 135 | Tajikistan | 0.524 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 64.8% | volatile |
| 136 | Venezuela | 0.5148 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 76.7% | falling |
| 137 | United Kingdom | 0.4886 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 138 | Botswana | 0.4738 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 44.6% | falling |
| 139 | Argentina | 0.4639 people per square kilometre | 2016 | down 49.4% | falling |
| 140 | Turkey | 0.4515 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 88.0% | volatile |
| 141 | Samoa | 0.4404 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 62.7% | falling |
| 142 | North Macedonia | 0.3981 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 84.4% | volatile |
| 143 | Syria | 0.3808 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 81.3% | falling |
| 144 | Palau | 0.377 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 70.8% | volatile |
| 145 | Israel | 0.3463 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 419.7% | volatile |
| 146 | United Arab Emirates | 0.3117 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 38.6% | rising |
| 147 | Mongolia | 0.2648 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.1% | falling |
| 148 | Northern Mariana Islands | 0.2369 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 92.0% | volatile |
| 149 | Thailand | 0.2082 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 83.6% | volatile |
| 150 | Paraguay | 0.2072 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 88.0% | volatile |
| 151 | Libya | 0.1876 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 55.5% | rising |
| 152 | Japan | 0.1857 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 67.0% | volatile |
| 153 | Qatar | 0.1645 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 48.1% | rising |
| 154 | Suriname | 0.1544 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 33.2% | falling |
| 155 | United States | 0.1445 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 111.0% | rising |
| 156 | Sweden | 0.1438 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 84.8% | volatile |
| 157 | Albania | 0.138 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 93.8% | volatile |
| 158 | Liechtenstein | 0.1238 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.3% | rising |
| 159 | Belarus | 0.1157 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 56.1% | falling |
| 160 | Uruguay | 0.0952 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 68.1% | falling |
| 161 | Estonia | 0.0891 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 162 | Ukraine | 0.0686 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 92.6% | volatile |
| 163 | Canada | 0.0631 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 117.2% | volatile |
| 164 | Slovakia | 0.0529 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 39.0% | falling |
| 165 | Greenland | 0.0512 people per square kilometre | 2022 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 166 | Saudi Arabia | 0.0347 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 167 | Turkmenistan | 0.0315 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 60.0% | falling |
| 168 | Austria | 0.0307 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.9% | volatile |
| 169 | Italy | 0.029 people per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 170 | Luxembourg | 0.0179 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 39.3% | falling |
| 171 | Guyana | 0.0137 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 94.0% | volatile |
| 172 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.008 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 97.9% | volatile |
| 173 | Netherlands | 0.0025 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.6% | rising |
| 174 | Belgium | 0.0002 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 60.2% | volatile |
| 175 | Bulgaria | 0.0001 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 26.3% | falling |
| 176 | Finland | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.6% | falling |
| 177 | Norway | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 178 | Andorra | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 178 | Australia | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Bahrain | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Barbados | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Brunei | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Switzerland | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Chile | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Czechia | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Spain | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Fiji | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Greece | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Iran | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Iceland | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 178 | Kazakhstan | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Lebanon | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Saint Martin (French Part) | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Mexico | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Malta | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Malaysia | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | New Zealand | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 178 | Oman | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Poland | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Puerto Rico | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Portugal | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Seychelles | 0 people per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
How this figure is calculated
People not using improved sanitation facilities divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
People not using improved sanitation facilities ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- People not using improved sanitation facilities WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (2025) – processed by Our World in Data
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
People not using improved sanitation facilities divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.