Palma ratio by country
The Palma ratio is a measure of inequality that divides the share received by the richest 10% by the share of the poorest 40%. Higher values indicate higher inequality.
Countries reporting
117
Highest
4.17
Colombia
Lowest
0.7715
Slovakia
Median
1.35
Years covered
63
1963–2025
Data points
2,148
What the numbers show
Palma ratio is currently reported for 117 countries. The highest value is 4.17 in Colombia; the lowest is 0.7715 in Slovakia.
The median across all reporting countries is 1.35, and the mean is 1.58.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 5.
Over the past decade 29 countries rose and 86 fell. The largest increase was in Pakistan (up 21.2%), and the largest decrease in Guinea-Bissau (down 59.7%).
Palma ratio: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Colombia | 4.17 | 2024 | up 4.2% | falling |
| 2 | Botswana | 4.16 | 2015 | down 33.2% | flat |
| 3 | South Africa | 4 | 2022 | down 34.4% | falling |
| 4 | Zambia | 3.5 | 2022 | down 1.6% | falling |
| 5 | Brazil | 3.28 | 2024 | down 10.0% | falling |
| 6 | Panama | 3.23 | 2024 | down 4.1% | falling |
| 7 | Mozambique | 3.08 | 2022 | down 19.5% | flat |
| 8 | Nicaragua | 2.6 | 2014 | down 12.4% | falling |
| 9 | Ecuador | 2.57 | 2025 | up 0.7% | falling |
| 10 | Honduras | 2.55 | 2024 | down 22.3% | falling |
| 11 | Costa Rica | 2.49 | 2025 | down 13.9% | rising |
| 12 | Guatemala | 2.45 | 2023 | down 15.8% | falling |
| 13 | Venezuela | 2.4 | 2006 | down 13.2% | falling |
| 14 | Paraguay | 2.34 | 2024 | down 29.3% | falling |
| 15 | Turkey | 2.26 | 2023 | up 21.0% | rising |
| 16 | Ghana | 2.25 | 2016 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 17 | Chile | 2.18 | 2024 | down 17.9% | falling |
| 18 | Uganda | 2.14 | 2019 | down 7.8% | flat |
| 19 | Mexico | 2.14 | 2024 | down 28.1% | falling |
| 20 | Cameroon | 2.08 | 2021 | down 22.8% | flat |
| 21 | United States | 2.03 | 2024 | up 1.1% | rising |
| 22 | Bolivia | 1.94 | 2024 | down 32.3% | falling |
| 23 | Malaysia | 1.93 | 2021 | down 14.1% | falling |
| 24 | Tanzania | 1.91 | 2018 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 25 | Peru | 1.87 | 2024 | down 15.7% | falling |
| 26 | Uruguay | 1.85 | 2024 | down 0.5% | falling |
| 27 | Jamaica | 1.84 | 2021 | — | falling |
| 28 | Rwanda | 1.83 | 2023 | down 24.7% | falling |
| 29 | Morocco | 1.83 | 2013 | down 4.8% | rising |
| 30 | El Salvador | 1.82 | 2023 | down 18.3% | falling |
| 31 | Bulgaria | 1.8 | 2023 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 32 | Dominican Republic | 1.75 | 2024 | down 24.5% | falling |
| 33 | Gambia | 1.75 | 2020 | down 22.2% | falling |
| 34 | Malawi | 1.73 | 2019 | down 30.3% | volatile |
| 35 | Kenya | 1.72 | 2022 | down 10.8% | falling |
| 36 | Israel | 1.69 | 2022 | down 16.2% | rising |
| 37 | Sri Lanka | 1.67 | 2019 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 38 | Togo | 1.66 | 2021 | down 34.8% | falling |
| 39 | Burundi | 1.64 | 2020 | down 5.6% | rising |
| 40 | Burkina Faso | 1.63 | 2021 | down 11.3% | falling |
| 41 | Madagascar | 1.59 | 2021 | down 24.6% | falling |
| 42 | Senegal | 1.53 | 2021 | down 19.0% | falling |
| 43 | Russia | 1.53 | 2020 | down 15.5% | falling |
| 44 | Tajikistan | 1.52 | 2024 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 45 | Palestine | 1.52 | 2023 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 46 | China | 1.52 | 2022 | down 27.7% | rising |
| 47 | Vietnam | 1.51 | 2022 | up 2.1% | flat |
| 48 | Iran | 1.5 | 2023 | up 10.8% | falling |
| 49 | Mali | 1.48 | 2021 | up 15.6% | falling |
| 50 | Lithuania | 1.48 | 2023 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 51 | Philippines | 1.46 | 2023 | down 29.9% | falling |
| 52 | Cote d'Ivoire | 1.45 | 2021 | down 33.2% | falling |
| 53 | Laos | 1.43 | 2024 | down 5.6% | rising |
| 54 | Indonesia | 1.42 | 2025 | down 17.2% | rising |
| 55 | Benin | 1.39 | 2021 | down 36.7% | falling |
| 56 | Italy | 1.37 | 2023 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 57 | Portugal | 1.35 | 2023 | down 10.2% | falling |
| 58 | Jordan | 1.35 | 2010 | down 15.2% | falling |
| 59 | Tunisia | 1.35 | 2021 | down 20.5% | falling |
| 60 | Pakistan | 1.35 | 2024 | up 21.2% | falling |
| 61 | Nigeria | 1.35 | 2022 | down 6.9% | falling |
| 62 | Switzerland | 1.34 | 2022 | up 12.1% | falling |
| 63 | Montenegro | 1.34 | 2021 | down 32.7% | falling |
| 64 | Georgia | 1.34 | 2024 | down 17.5% | falling |
| 65 | Latvia | 1.34 | 2023 | down 6.5% | rising |
| 66 | Germany | 1.33 | 2022 | up 15.3% | rising |
| 67 | Australia | 1.33 | 2020 | down 4.3% | rising |
| 68 | Niger | 1.32 | 2021 | up 7.8% | falling |
| 69 | Guinea-Bissau | 1.32 | 2021 | down 59.7% | volatile |
| 70 | Greece | 1.31 | 2023 | down 12.1% | falling |
| 72 | Thailand | 1.31 | 2024 | down 17.3% | falling |
| 73 | Spain | 1.28 | 2023 | down 14.2% | flat |
| 74 | South Korea | 1.27 | 2021 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 75 | North Macedonia | 1.26 | 2019 | down 41.4% | falling |
| 76 | Serbia | 1.26 | 2023 | down 30.0% | falling |
| 77 | United Kingdom | 1.25 | 2021 | down 4.2% | rising |
| 78 | Cyprus | 1.24 | 2023 | down 23.4% | flat |
| 79 | Uzbekistan | 1.23 | 2025 | — | rising |
| 80 | Japan | 1.23 | 2020 | up 4.7% | falling |
| 81 | Taiwan | 1.21 | 2021 | down 6.4% | rising |
| 82 | France | 1.21 | 2023 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 83 | Mauritania | 1.21 | 2019 | down 17.0% | falling |
| 85 | Canada | 1.19 | 2022 | down 9.4% | flat |
| 86 | Mongolia | 1.19 | 2022 | down 11.2% | flat |
| 87 | Austria | 1.18 | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 88 | Bangladesh | 1.18 | 2022 | down 6.6% | rising |
| 89 | Ethiopia | 1.17 | 2021 | down 11.5% | falling |
| 90 | Hungary | 1.13 | 2017 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 91 | Denmark | 1.13 | 2023 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 92 | Estonia | 1.11 | 2023 | down 20.2% | falling |
| 93 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.11 | 2021 | down 13.8% | falling |
| 94 | Nepal | 1.11 | 2022 | down 14.0% | falling |
| 95 | Croatia | 1.1 | 2023 | down 7.9% | rising |
| 96 | Kazakhstan | 1.09 | 2021 | up 8.3% | falling |
| 97 | Guinea | 1.07 | 2018 | down 39.4% | falling |
| 99 | Egypt | 1.06 | 2021 | down 8.7% | flat |
| 100 | Albania | 1.05 | 2020 | down 5.5% | rising |
| 101 | Romania | 1.05 | 2023 | down 32.4% | rising |
| 102 | Sweden | 1.03 | 2023 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 103 | Poland | 1.02 | 2023 | down 20.9% | rising |
| 104 | Bhutan | 1.02 | 2022 | down 42.0% | falling |
| 105 | Armenia | 0.9963 | 2024 | down 18.3% | falling |
| 106 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.9852 | 2024 | up 2.6% | falling |
| 107 | Azerbaijan | 0.9795 | 2005 | down 30.1% | falling |
| 108 | Finland | 0.968 | 2023 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 109 | Moldova | 0.9549 | 2023 | down 7.5% | falling |
| 110 | Iceland | 0.9491 | 2019 | down 9.6% | falling |
| 111 | Belgium | 0.9453 | 2023 | down 2.0% | flat |
| 112 | Norway | 0.9172 | 2023 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 113 | India | 0.9021 | 2022 | down 16.0% | falling |
| 114 | Syria | 0.8957 | 2022 | down 53.2% | falling |
| 115 | Ukraine | 0.8929 | 2020 | up 4.4% | falling |
| 116 | Netherlands | 0.892 | 2021 | down 9.4% | falling |
| 117 | Czechia | 0.8904 | 2023 | down 5.5% | flat |
| 118 | Slovenia | 0.8387 | 2023 | down 7.5% | falling |
| 119 | Belarus | 0.8347 | 2020 | down 18.7% | falling |
| 120 | Slovakia | 0.7715 | 2023 | down 22.1% | falling |
About this data
The Palma ratio is a measure of inequality that divides the share received by the richest 10% by the share of the poorest 40%. Higher values indicate higher inequality.