P-Value: Public sector wage premium, by education level (compared to formal wage employees) by country
Countries reporting
54
Highest
0.9072 compared to formal wage employees
Switzerland
Lowest
0 compared to formal wage employees
Armenia
Median
0.0001 compared to formal wage employees
Years covered
22
2000–2021
Data points
659
What the numbers show
P-Value: Public sector wage premium, by education level (compared to formal wage employees) is currently reported for 54 countries. The highest value is 0.9072 compared to formal wage employees in Switzerland; the lowest is 0 compared to formal wage employees in Armenia.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.0001 compared to formal wage employees, and the mean is 0.1148 compared to formal wage employees.
Over the past decade 19 countries rose and 33 fell. The largest increase was in Russia (up 54,470,300,000,000.0%), and the largest decrease in Ethiopia (down 100.0%).
P-Value: Public sector wage premium, by education level: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Switzerland | 0.9072 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 473,932.0% | volatile |
| 2 | Malta | 0.7916 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 68.2% | volatile |
| 3 | Croatia | 0.7041 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 22.0% | rising |
| 4 | South Africa | 0.7033 compared to formal wage employees | 2019 | up 1,056,390,000.0% | volatile |
| 5 | Poland | 0.6214 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | up 3,388.3% | volatile |
| 6 | Czechia | 0.5609 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 158.4% | volatile |
| 7 | Slovakia | 0.4986 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | up 107.5% | volatile |
| 8 | Argentina | 0.4086 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | up 451.2% | volatile |
| 9 | Italy | 0.3165 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 49,883,500.0% | volatile |
| 10 | United Kingdom | 0.2032 compared to formal wage employees | 2016 | down 42.3% | volatile |
| 11 | Australia | 0.1182 compared to formal wage employees | 2015 | up 15,118.8% | volatile |
| 12 | Serbia | 0.0841 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 237.3% | volatile |
| 13 | Austria | 0.0592 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 1,382,120,000.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Iceland | 0.0458 compared to formal wage employees | 2013 | down 95.3% | volatile |
| 15 | Honduras | 0.0451 compared to formal wage employees | 2019 | down 34.1% | volatile |
| 16 | Belgium | 0.0315 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 4,761.0% | volatile |
| 17 | Guatemala | 0.0256 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | down 93.7% | volatile |
| 18 | Hungary | 0.0188 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 67.4% | volatile |
| 19 | Finland | 0.0183 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 97.8% | volatile |
| 20 | Namibia | 0.0178 compared to formal wage employees | 2015 | down 98.0% | volatile |
| 21 | Romania | 0.0087 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 96.8% | volatile |
| 22 | Bulgaria | 0.0059 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 452.0% | volatile |
| 23 | Ireland | 0.0014 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | down 30.2% | volatile |
| 24 | Moldova | 0.001 compared to formal wage employees | 2012 | down 61.5% | volatile |
| 25 | Latvia | 0.0006 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 1,227.9% | volatile |
| 26 | Luxembourg | 0.0005 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 99.9% | volatile |
| 27 | Tanzania | 0.0002 compared to formal wage employees | 2020 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 28 | Estonia | 0.0001 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 99.9% | volatile |
| 29 | France | 0.0001 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 99.8% | volatile |
| 30 | Russia | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2016 | up 54,470,300,000,000.0% | volatile |
| 31 | Pakistan | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2020 | down 99.9% | volatile |
| 32 | Sri Lanka | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2015 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 33 | Cyprus | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 422,616,000.0% | volatile |
| 34 | Zambia | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2014 | down 97.4% | volatile |
| 35 | Lithuania | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 13,541.1% | volatile |
| 36 | Ethiopia | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2016 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 37 | Paraguay | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 38 | Uruguay | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 39 | Portugal | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 40 | Spain | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 1,747,380,000.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Greece | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 42 | Bolivia | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 43 | Mexico | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2019 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 44 | Panama | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 45 | Dominican Republic | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2019 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 46 | Chile | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2015 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 47 | Costa Rica | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 47 | El Salvador | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 47 | Colombia | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2020 | — | volatile |
| 47 | Turkey | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2010 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 47 | Brazil | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | — | volatile |
| 47 | Ecuador | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 47 | Peru | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 47 | Armenia | 0 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 100.0% | volatile |