Over-qualification rates by citizenship in Italy
Italy: Over-qualification rates by citizenship was 20.6% in 2025. ▲ Rising
Latest (2025)
20.6%
Change on year
unchanged
World rank
20th
of 45 countries
All-time high
21.9%
in 2022
All-time low
11.3%
in 1997
Years of data
31
1995–2025
Over-qualification rates by citizenship in Italy, 1995–2025
Source: Eurostat. Measured in Percentage.
Analysis
In 2025, over-qualification rates by citizenship in Italy stood at 20.6%.
That represents a change of up 7.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, over-qualification rates by citizenship in Italy peaked at 21.9% in 2022 and was at its lowest, 11.3%, in 1997.
That places Italy 20th out of 45 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 31 years of available data.
Over-qualification rates by citizenship in Italy, year by year
| Year | Percentage | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 11.6% | — |
| 1996 | 12.6% | +8.6% |
| 1997 | 11.3% | -10.3% |
| 1998 | 11.6% | +2.7% |
| 1999 | 12.4% | +6.9% |
| 2000 | 14.0% | +12.9% |
| 2001 | 14.6% | +4.3% |
| 2002 | 14.7% | +0.7% |
| 2003 | 15.7% | +6.8% |
| 2004 | 11.8% | -24.8% |
| 2005 | 13.5% | +14.4% |
| 2006 | 13.7% | +1.5% |
| 2007 | 13.8% | +0.7% |
| 2008 | 14.9% | +8.0% |
| 2009 | 15.2% | +2.0% |
| 2010 | 16.5% | +8.6% |
| 2011 | 18.9% | +14.5% |
| 2012 | 19.3% | +2.1% |
| 2013 | 18.5% | -4.1% |
| 2014 | 18.4% | -0.5% |
| 2015 | 19.1% | +3.8% |
| 2016 | 18.9% | -1.0% |
| 2017 | 19.9% | +5.3% |
| 2018 | 20.1% | +1.0% |
| 2019 | 19.7% | -2.0% |
| 2020 | 19.4% | -1.5% |
| 2021 | 20.5% | +5.7% |
| 2022 | 21.9% | +6.8% |
| 2023 | 21.5% | -1.8% |
| 2024 | 20.6% | -4.2% |
| 2025 | 20.6% | +0.0% |
Italy compared with similar countries
- Italy's 20.6% is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 20.1%, 1.0× the median. (34 countries reporting)
- Italy's 20.6% is above the median for high income countries, which is 20.0%, 1.0× the median. (31 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 11.9% | 11.3% | 12.6% | 5 |
| 2000s | 14.2% | 11.8% | 15.7% | 10 |
| 2010s | 18.9% | 16.5% | 20.1% | 10 |
| 2020s | 20.8% | 19.4% | 21.9% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Italy
More reference data data for Italy
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 2.5 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 1.48 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 8.94 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.927 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 8.94 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 8.37 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure Management 5.21 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 6.51 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 41.74 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 5.05 (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is over-qualification rates by citizenship in Italy?
- Over-qualification rates by citizenship in Italy was 20.6% in 2025, according to Eurostat.
- What is the highest over-qualification rates by citizenship recorded in Italy?
- The highest recorded value was 21.9% in 2022.
- What is the lowest over-qualification rates by citizenship recorded in Italy?
- The lowest recorded value was 11.3% in 1997.
- How does Italy rank for over-qualification rates by citizenship?
- Italy ranks 20th out of 45 countries with data for 2025.
- Is over-qualification rates by citizenship rising or falling in Italy?
- Over the last ten years it is up 7.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Italy data come from?
- The figures come from Eurostat, published as part of Over-qualification rates by citizenship. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 31 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Eurostat).