Initial government funding per upper secondary student as a percentage of GDP per capita by country
Total general (local, regional and central, current and capital) initial government funding of education per student, which includes transfers paid (such as scholarships to students), but excludes transfers received, in this case international transfers to government for education (when foreign donors provide...
What the numbers show
Initial government funding per upper secondary student as a percentage of GDP per capita is currently reported for 86 countries. The highest value is 66.2% in Mali; the lowest is 4.5% in Guatemala.
The median across all reporting countries is 20.0%, and the mean is 21.4%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 15.
Over the past decade 39 countries rose and 45 fell. The largest increase was in Dominican Republic (up 193.4%), and the largest decrease in Niger (down 87.0%).
Initial government funding per upper secondary student as a: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mali | 66.2% | 2017 | up 1.1% | falling |
| 2 | Cuba | 53.8% | 2010 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 3 | Belize | 39.9% | 2018 | up 33.5% | rising |
| 4 | Morocco | 39.5% | 2009 | down 34.4% | falling |
| 5 | Burkina Faso | 39.2% | 2016 | down 9.1% | falling |
| 6 | Cyprus | 39.0% | 2017 | up 11.3% | rising |
| 7 | Dominica | 36.9% | 2019 | up 80.7% | volatile |
| 8 | Malawi | 35.2% | 2016 | up 64.5% | rising |
| 9 | Chad | 33.1% | 2018 | up 15.8% | rising |
| 10 | Ghana | 33.0% | 2014 | down 27.4% | falling |
| 11 | Ethiopia | 31.8% | 2015 | down 54.8% | falling |
| 12 | Ukraine | 29.2% | 2017 | down 4.7% | falling |
| 13 | Eswatini | 29.1% | 2011 | down 21.3% | falling |
| 14 | Malta | 29.1% | 2017 | up 29.0% | volatile |
| 15 | Norway | 29.0% | 2017 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 16 | Portugal | 27.8% | 2017 | down 21.0% | flat |
| 17 | Oman | 27.7% | 2019 | up 79.5% | rising |
| 18 | Jamaica | 26.8% | 2019 | up 14.4% | rising |
| 19 | Costa Rica | 26.6% | 2019 | up 29.7% | rising |
| 20 | Germany | 25.8% | 2017 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 21 | Hungary | 25.3% | 2017 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 22 | Latvia | 25.2% | 2017 | up 7.3% | flat |
| 23 | Kuwait | 24.8% | 2011 | up 31.0% | rising |
| 24 | Canada | 24.6% | 2017 | down 16.9% | falling |
| 25 | India | 24.4% | 2013 | down 26.9% | falling |
| 26 | Austria | 23.9% | 2017 | down 4.8% | falling |
| 27 | United States | 23.8% | 2017 | — | flat |
| 28 | Japan | 23.7% | 2017 | up 17.8% | rising |
| 29 | Iran | 23.6% | 2017 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 30 | Brazil | 23.4% | 2017 | up 65.8% | rising |
| 31 | Republic of Moldova | 23.4% | 2018 | down 21.0% | falling |
| 32 | Italy | 23.3% | 2016 | down 13.1% | falling |
| 33 | Sweden | 23.0% | 2017 | down 31.9% | falling |
| 34 | Slovakia | 22.9% | 2017 | up 33.7% | falling |
| 35 | Rwanda | 22.2% | 2018 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 36 | Czechia | 21.8% | 2017 | up 5.7% | flat |
| 37 | Denmark | 21.5% | 2017 | down 45.7% | falling |
| 38 | Croatia | 21.5% | 2017 | up 10.8% | rising |
| 39 | Argentina | 21.4% | 2017 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 40 | New Zealand | 21.1% | 2017 | — | flat |
| 41 | Senegal | 20.7% | 2015 | down 69.6% | volatile |
| 42 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 20.5% | 2017 | down 25.9% | falling |
| 43 | Poland | 20.0% | 2017 | down 9.4% | flat |
| 44 | Slovenia | 20.0% | 2017 | down 17.8% | falling |
| 45 | Switzerland | 19.8% | 2017 | down 15.8% | falling |
| 46 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 19.7% | 2014 | up 22.2% | rising |
| 47 | Estonia | 19.1% | 2017 | down 14.8% | falling |
| 48 | Luxembourg | 19.1% | 2017 | up 1.8% | falling |
| 49 | Sierra Leone | 18.9% | 2017 | up 58.8% | rising |
| 50 | Bulgaria | 18.8% | 2017 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 51 | Spain | 18.5% | 2017 | down 25.4% | falling |
| 52 | Finland | 18.2% | 2017 | down 43.1% | falling |
| 53 | Chile | 17.9% | 2017 | up 36.9% | rising |
| 54 | Saint Lucia | 17.8% | 2018 | up 4.0% | falling |
| 55 | Côte d'Ivoire | 16.9% | 2018 | down 62.8% | falling |
| 56 | Jordan | 16.9% | 2019 | down 1.8% | falling |
| 57 | Romania | 16.8% | 2017 | up 9.3% | flat |
| 58 | Lithuania | 16.6% | 2017 | down 19.1% | falling |
| 59 | Algeria | 16.6% | 2006 | down 44.9% | falling |
| 60 | Colombia | 16.5% | 2018 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 61 | Iceland | 16.5% | 2017 | down 11.3% | falling |
| 62 | Mexico | 15.8% | 2017 | down 7.7% | flat |
| 63 | Dominican Republic | 15.8% | 2019 | up 193.4% | volatile |
| 64 | Uruguay | 15.8% | 2018 | up 52.8% | rising |
| 65 | Mongolia | 15.7% | 2015 | up 83.3% | rising |
| 66 | Paraguay | 14.1% | 2016 | down 11.3% | rising |
| 67 | Thailand | 14.1% | 2013 | down 31.4% | falling |
| 68 | Türkiye | 14.0% | 2006 | up 0.2% | flat |
| 69 | Niger | 13.8% | 2017 | down 87.0% | falling |
| 70 | Andorra | 13.8% | 2019 | up 17.9% | rising |
| 71 | Bermuda | 13.6% | 2015 | down 11.5% | flat |
| 72 | El Salvador | 12.9% | 2018 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 73 | Australia | 12.5% | 2017 | down 11.7% | falling |
| 74 | Nepal | 11.8% | 2015 | up 26.6% | rising |
| 75 | Ireland | 11.7% | 2017 | down 54.5% | rising |
| 76 | Indonesia | 11.7% | 2015 | up 13.0% | rising |
| 77 | Syria | 10.6% | 2012 | down 63.1% | falling |
| 78 | Afghanistan | 10.6% | 2017 | down 27.0% | falling |
| 79 | Philippines | 10.1% | 2009 | up 1.0% | falling |
| 80 | Liechtenstein | 9.6% | 2008 | up 31.2% | rising |
| 81 | Lebanon | 9.1% | 2011 | down 24.3% | falling |
| 82 | Madagascar | 8.8% | 2012 | down 56.1% | falling |
| 83 | Monaco | 7.0% | 2016 | down 22.9% | rising |
| 84 | Sri Lanka | 6.4% | 2018 | down 14.4% | rising |
| 85 | Ecuador | 5.0% | 2018 | up 41.4% | rising |
| 86 | Guatemala | 4.5% | 2019 | down 22.7% | falling |
About this data
Total general (local, regional and central, current and capital) initial government funding of education per student, which includes transfers paid (such as scholarships to students), but excludes transfers received, in this case international transfers to government for education (when foreign donors provide education sector budget support or other support integrated in the government budget). Calculation Method: Total general (local, regional and central) government expenditure (current and capital) on a given level of education (primary, secondary, etc) minus international transfers to government for education, divided by the number of student enrolled at that level of education. This is then expressed as a share of GDP per capita. Limitations: In some instances data on total government expenditure on education refers only to the Ministry of Education, excluding other ministries which may also spend a part of their budget on educational activities. There are also cases where it may not be possible to separate international transfers to government from general government expenditure on education, in which cases they have not been subtracted in the formula. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute of Statistics website: http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/