Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity in Upper middle income
Upper middle income: Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity was 1.16 GPIA in 2019. ▲ Rising
Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity in Upper middle income, 1970–2019
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in GPIA.
Analysis
The most recent figure for gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity in Upper middle income is 1.16 GPIA, measured in 2019. That is the highest value across all 50 years on record.
The figure is up 0.1% on the previous year and up 3.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity in Upper middle income peaked at 1.16 GPIA in 2019 and was at its lowest, 0.8487 GPIA, in 1988.
That places Upper middle income 14th out of 41 groups with data for 2019, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 50 years of available data.
Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity in Upper middle income, year by year
| Year | GPIA | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 0.9504 GPIA | — |
| 1971 | 0.9495 GPIA | -0.1% |
| 1972 | 0.9583 GPIA | +0.9% |
| 1973 | 0.9532 GPIA | -0.5% |
| 1974 | 0.9466 GPIA | -0.7% |
| 1975 | 0.9342 GPIA | -1.3% |
| 1976 | 0.9226 GPIA | -1.2% |
| 1977 | 0.93 GPIA | +0.8% |
| 1978 | 0.931 GPIA | +0.1% |
| 1979 | 0.9124 GPIA | -2.0% |
| 1980 | 0.904 GPIA | -0.9% |
| 1981 | 0.8809 GPIA | -2.6% |
| 1982 | 0.8839 GPIA | +0.3% |
| 1983 | 0.8905 GPIA | +0.7% |
| 1984 | 0.8906 GPIA | +0.0% |
| 1985 | 0.8748 GPIA | -1.8% |
| 1986 | 0.8535 GPIA | -2.4% |
| 1987 | 0.8511 GPIA | -0.3% |
| 1988 | 0.8487 GPIA | -0.3% |
| 1989 | 0.8532 GPIA | +0.5% |
| 1990 | 0.8573 GPIA | +0.5% |
| 1991 | 0.8633 GPIA | +0.7% |
| 1992 | 0.8786 GPIA | +1.8% |
| 1993 | 0.8942 GPIA | +1.8% |
| 1994 | 0.8893 GPIA | -0.5% |
| 1995 | 0.8995 GPIA | +1.2% |
| 1996 | 0.8942 GPIA | -0.6% |
| 1997 | 0.9252 GPIA | +3.5% |
| 1998 | 0.9609 GPIA | +3.9% |
| 1999 | 0.996 GPIA | +3.7% |
| 2000 | 1.02 GPIA | +2.3% |
| 2001 | 1.01 GPIA | -0.9% |
| 2002 | 1.03 GPIA | +2.4% |
| 2003 | 1.03 GPIA | -0.1% |
| 2004 | 1.05 GPIA | +1.8% |
| 2005 | 1.06 GPIA | +0.8% |
| 2006 | 1.08 GPIA | +1.7% |
| 2007 | 1.1 GPIA | +2.5% |
| 2008 | 1.12 GPIA | +1.1% |
| 2009 | 1.12 GPIA | +0.4% |
| 2010 | 1.12 GPIA | +0.1% |
| 2011 | 1.13 GPIA | +0.4% |
| 2012 | 1.14 GPIA | +1.1% |
| 2013 | 1.14 GPIA | +0.5% |
| 2014 | 1.14 GPIA | +0.0% |
| 2015 | 1.15 GPIA | +0.4% |
| 2016 | 1.15 GPIA | +0.4% |
| 2017 | 1.16 GPIA | +0.3% |
| 2018 | 1.16 GPIA | +0.5% |
| 2019 | 1.16 GPIA | +0.1% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 0.9388 GPIA | 0.9124 GPIA | 0.9583 GPIA | 10 |
| 1980s | 0.8731 GPIA | 0.8487 GPIA | 0.904 GPIA | 10 |
| 1990s | 0.9059 GPIA | 0.8573 GPIA | 0.996 GPIA | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.06 GPIA | 1.01 GPIA | 1.12 GPIA | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.15 GPIA | 1.12 GPIA | 1.16 GPIA | 10 |
Countries ranked near Upper middle income
More reference data data for Upper middle income
- Exchange rate, new LCU per USD extended backward, period average 2,056 (2026)
- CPI Price, nominal 298.62 (2026)
- CPI Price, nominal, seas. adj. 293.42 (2026)
- School age population, one year before than official primary entry 21.50 million number (2019)
- School life expectancy, primary, both sexes 5.97 years (2019)
- School age population, one year before than official primary entry 19.74 million number (2019)
- School age population, one year before than official primary entry 41.24 million number (2019)
- School life expectancy, primary, male 6 years (2019)
- School life expectancy, primary, female 5.94 years (2019)
- Share of all students in secondary education enrolled in general 84.4% (2019)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity in Upper middle income?
- Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity in Upper middle income was 1.16 GPIA in 2019, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity recorded in Upper middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 1.16 GPIA in 2019.
- What is the lowest gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity recorded in Upper middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.8487 GPIA in 1988.
- How does Upper middle income rank for gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity?
- Upper middle income ranks 14th out of 41 groups with data for 2019.
- Is gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity rising or falling in Upper middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 3.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Upper middle income data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 50 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/