Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and type in Türkiye
Türkiye: Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and type was 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
45,563 US dollars, PPP converted
Change on year
up 8.4%
World rank
5th
of 13 countries
All-time high
45,563 US dollars, PPP converted
in 2024
All-time low
1,611 US dollars, PPP converted
in 1990
Years of data
35
1990–2024
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and type in Türkiye, 1990–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in US dollars, PPP converted.
Analysis
In 2024, gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and type in Türkiye stood at 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted. That is the highest value across all 35 years on record.
That represents a change of up 8.4% on the previous year and up 175.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and type in Türkiye peaked at 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in 2024 and was at its lowest, 1,611 US dollars, PPP converted, in 1990.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and type in Türkiye, year by year
| Year | US dollars, PPP converted | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 1,611 US dollars, PPP converted | — |
| 1991 | 2,647 US dollars, PPP converted | +64.3% |
| 1992 | 2,601 US dollars, PPP converted | -1.7% |
| 1993 | 2,540 US dollars, PPP converted | -2.3% |
| 1994 | 1,961 US dollars, PPP converted | -22.8% |
| 1995 | 2,210 US dollars, PPP converted | +12.7% |
| 1996 | 2,826 US dollars, PPP converted | +27.9% |
| 1997 | 3,280 US dollars, PPP converted | +16.1% |
| 1998 | 3,418 US dollars, PPP converted | +4.2% |
| 1999 | 4,168 US dollars, PPP converted | +21.9% |
| 2000 | 4,554 US dollars, PPP converted | +9.3% |
| 2001 | 4,829 US dollars, PPP converted | +6.0% |
| 2002 | 5,008 US dollars, PPP converted | +3.7% |
| 2003 | 4,842 US dollars, PPP converted | -3.3% |
| 2004 | 5,682 US dollars, PPP converted | +17.4% |
| 2005 | 7,026 US dollars, PPP converted | +23.6% |
| 2006 | 7,372 US dollars, PPP converted | +4.9% |
| 2007 | 9,606 US dollars, PPP converted | +30.3% |
| 2008 | 9,705 US dollars, PPP converted | +1.0% |
| 2009 | 10,785 US dollars, PPP converted | +11.1% |
| 2010 | 11,561 US dollars, PPP converted | +7.2% |
| 2011 | 12,843 US dollars, PPP converted | +11.1% |
| 2012 | 14,018 US dollars, PPP converted | +9.1% |
| 2013 | 14,965 US dollars, PPP converted | +6.8% |
| 2014 | 16,523 US dollars, PPP converted | +10.4% |
| 2015 | 19,792 US dollars, PPP converted | +19.8% |
| 2016 | 23,674 US dollars, PPP converted | +19.6% |
| 2017 | 26,698 US dollars, PPP converted | +12.8% |
| 2018 | 29,659 US dollars, PPP converted | +11.1% |
| 2019 | 30,967 US dollars, PPP converted | +4.4% |
| 2020 | 32,703 US dollars, PPP converted | +5.6% |
| 2021 | 37,270 US dollars, PPP converted | +14.0% |
| 2022 | 37,223 US dollars, PPP converted | -0.1% |
| 2023 | 42,035 US dollars, PPP converted | +12.9% |
| 2024 | 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted | +8.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 2,726 US dollars, PPP converted | 1,611 US dollars, PPP converted | 4,168 US dollars, PPP converted | 10 |
| 2000s | 6,941 US dollars, PPP converted | 4,554 US dollars, PPP converted | 10,785 US dollars, PPP converted | 10 |
| 2010s | 20,070 US dollars, PPP converted | 11,561 US dollars, PPP converted | 30,967 US dollars, PPP converted | 10 |
| 2020s | 38,959 US dollars, PPP converted | 32,703 US dollars, PPP converted | 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted | 5 |
Countries ranked near Türkiye
- 2 Germany 160,177 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 2 United States 847,935 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 3 France 81,030 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 4 United Kingdom 102,458 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 4 Chinese Taipei 65,085 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 5 Russian Federation 46,621 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 6 Italy 41,760 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 6 Netherlands 27,915 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 7 Canada 39,256 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 7 Poland 24,416 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 8 Slovenia 2,202 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 8 Spain 32,358 US dollars, PPP converted compare
More reference data data for Türkiye
- Exposure to extreme temperature — Annual temperature change 1.73 Degrees celsius (2023)
- Exposure to extreme precipitation — Annual precipitation change 86.44 Millimetres per year (2023)
- IPAC Dashboard indicators — Geothermal 12,506 Index (2024)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 08 - Sectoral breakdown of 25.31 Percentage of GDP (2022)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 08 - Sectoral breakdown of 29.51 Percentage of GDP (2022)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 08 - Sectoral breakdown of 5.45 Percentage of GDP (2022)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 08 - Sectoral breakdown of 13.74 Percentage of GDP (2022)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 08 - Sectoral breakdown of 24.7 Percentage of GDP (2022)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 20 - External financial 0.0883 Percentage of GDP (2022)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 08 - Sectoral breakdown of 0.6342 Percentage of GDP (2021)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and type in Türkiye?
- Gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and type in Türkiye was 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and type recorded in Türkiye?
- The highest recorded value was 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in 2024.
- What is the lowest gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and type recorded in Türkiye?
- The lowest recorded value was 1,611 US dollars, PPP converted in 1990.
- How does Türkiye rank for gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and type?
- Türkiye ranks 5th out of 13 countries with data for 2024.
- Is gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and type rising or falling in Türkiye?
- Over the last ten years it is up 175.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Türkiye data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and type of expenditure — Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
This table presents research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics. Data include gross domestic R&D expenditure by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by type of expenditure (current expenditure, capital expenditure and their respective breakdowns).