Total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index in Pre-demographic dividend

Pre-demographic dividend: Total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index was 0.9256 GPI in 2019. ▲ Rising

Latest (2019)
0.9256 GPI
Change on year
up 0.1%
Rank
41st
of 43 groups
All-time high
0.9256 GPI
in 2019
All-time low
0.6965 GPI
in 1998
Years of data
28
1992–2019

Total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index in Pre-demographic dividend, 1992–2019

00.20.40.60.811992200520191992: 0.711 GPI1993: 0.71 GPI1994: 0.697 GPI1995: 0.704 GPI1996: 0.702 GPI1997: 0.701 GPI1998: 0.697 GPI1999: 0.7 GPI2000: 0.711 GPI2001: 0.718 GPI2002: 0.753 GPI2003: 0.783 GPI2004: 0.802 GPI2005: 0.811 GPI2006: 0.833 GPI2007: 0.841 GPI2008: 0.862 GPI2009: 0.871 GPI2010: 0.883 GPI2011: 0.885 GPI2012: 0.893 GPI2013: 0.897 GPI2014: 0.903 GPI2015: 0.906 GPI2016: 0.907 GPI2017: 0.918 GPI2018: 0.925 GPI2019: 0.926 GPI

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in GPI.

Analysis

In 2019, total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index in Pre-demographic dividend stood at 0.9256 GPI. That is the highest value across all 28 years on record.

The figure is up 0.1% on the previous year and up 6.3% over ten years.

Over the whole period, total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index in Pre-demographic dividend peaked at 0.9256 GPI in 2019 and was at its lowest, 0.6965 GPI, in 1998.

Pre-demographic dividend ranks 41st of 43 groups on this measure, in the bottom quarter.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 28 years of available data.

Total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index in Pre-demographic dividend, year by year

Annual values for Total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index (GPI) in Pre-demographic dividend, 1992 to 2019.
Year GPI Change
1992 0.7106 GPI
1993 0.7095 GPI -0.2%
1994 0.697 GPI -1.8%
1995 0.7039 GPI +1.0%
1996 0.7025 GPI -0.2%
1997 0.7005 GPI -0.3%
1998 0.6965 GPI -0.6%
1999 0.6997 GPI +0.5%
2000 0.7108 GPI +1.6%
2001 0.7177 GPI +1.0%
2002 0.7532 GPI +4.9%
2003 0.7826 GPI +3.9%
2004 0.802 GPI +2.5%
2005 0.8115 GPI +1.2%
2006 0.8331 GPI +2.7%
2007 0.8414 GPI +1.0%
2008 0.8615 GPI +2.4%
2009 0.8711 GPI +1.1%
2010 0.8828 GPI +1.3%
2011 0.8852 GPI +0.3%
2012 0.8934 GPI +0.9%
2013 0.8969 GPI +0.4%
2014 0.9032 GPI +0.7%
2015 0.906 GPI +0.3%
2016 0.9071 GPI +0.1%
2017 0.9185 GPI +1.3%
2018 0.9248 GPI +0.7%
2019 0.9256 GPI +0.1%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 0.7025 GPI 0.6965 GPI 0.7106 GPI 8
2000s 0.7985 GPI 0.7108 GPI 0.8711 GPI 10
2010s 0.9043 GPI 0.8828 GPI 0.9256 GPI 10

Countries ranked near Pre-demographic dividend

  1. 38 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 1.02 GPI compare
  2. 39 Dominica 1.02 GPI compare
  3. 40 Germany 1.02 GPI compare
  4. 41 Croatia 1.02 GPI compare
  5. 42 Tonga 1.02 GPI compare
  6. 43 Macau (China) 1.02 GPI compare
  7. 44 Egypt 1.02 GPI compare

See the full ranking of 180 places →

More reference data data for Pre-demographic dividend

All data for Pre-demographic dividend →

Frequently asked questions

What is total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index in Pre-demographic dividend?
Total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index in Pre-demographic dividend was 0.9256 GPI in 2019, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
What is the highest total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
The highest recorded value was 0.9256 GPI in 2019.
What is the lowest total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
The lowest recorded value was 0.6965 GPI in 1998.
How does Pre-demographic dividend rank for total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index?
Pre-demographic dividend ranks 41st out of 43 groups with data for 2019.
Is total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index rising or falling in Pre-demographic dividend?
Over the last ten years it is up 6.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this Pre-demographic dividend data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index (GPI). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index in Pre-demographic dividend. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 22 August 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/total-net-enrolment-rate-lower-secondary-gender-parity-index-gpi/pre-demographic-dividend/

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About this data

Indicator
Total net enrolment rate, lower secondary, gender parity index (GPI)
Unit
GPI
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
180 places, 3,032 data points, 1970–2019
Last refreshed

Ratio of female total net enrolment rate for lower secondary to the male total net enrolment rate for lower secondary. It is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. A GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females.