Clientelism Index in Eswatini
Eswatini: Clientelism Index was 0.705 in 2025. ▼ Falling
Clientelism Index in Eswatini, 1900–2025
Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
Analysis
Eswatini recorded 0.705 for clientelism index in 2025. That is the highest value across all 126 years on record.
The figure is up 45.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, clientelism index in Eswatini peaked at 0.705 in 2024 and was at its lowest, 0.377, in 1969.
Eswatini ranks 42nd of 176 countries on this measure, in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 126 years of available data.
Clientelism Index in Eswatini, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 0.694 | — |
| 1901 | 0.694 | +0.0% |
| 1902 | 0.694 | +0.0% |
| 1903 | 0.694 | +0.0% |
| 1904 | 0.694 | +0.0% |
| 1905 | 0.694 | +0.0% |
| 1906 | 0.694 | +0.0% |
| 1907 | 0.694 | +0.0% |
| 1908 | 0.694 | +0.0% |
| 1909 | 0.669 | -3.6% |
| 1910 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1911 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1912 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1913 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1914 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1915 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1916 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1917 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1918 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1919 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1920 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1921 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1922 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1923 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1924 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1925 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1926 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1927 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1928 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1929 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1930 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1931 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1932 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1933 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1934 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1935 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1936 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1937 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1938 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1939 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1940 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1941 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1942 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1943 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1944 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1945 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1946 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1947 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1948 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1949 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1950 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1951 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1952 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1953 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1954 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1955 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1956 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1957 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1958 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1959 | 0.669 | +0.0% |
| 1960 | 0.628 | -6.1% |
| 1961 | 0.628 | +0.0% |
| 1962 | 0.628 | +0.0% |
| 1963 | 0.619 | -1.4% |
| 1964 | 0.551 | -11.0% |
| 1965 | 0.488 | -11.4% |
| 1966 | 0.488 | +0.0% |
| 1967 | 0.486 | -0.4% |
| 1968 | 0.386 | -20.6% |
| 1969 | 0.377 | -2.3% |
| 1970 | 0.377 | +0.0% |
| 1971 | 0.377 | +0.0% |
| 1972 | 0.395 | +4.8% |
| 1973 | 0.405 | +2.5% |
| 1974 | 0.441 | +8.9% |
| 1975 | 0.441 | +0.0% |
| 1976 | 0.441 | +0.0% |
| 1977 | 0.441 | +0.0% |
| 1978 | 0.446 | +1.1% |
| 1979 | 0.471 | +5.6% |
| 1980 | 0.471 | +0.0% |
| 1981 | 0.471 | +0.0% |
| 1982 | 0.471 | +0.0% |
| 1983 | 0.468 | -0.6% |
| 1984 | 0.453 | -3.2% |
| 1985 | 0.453 | +0.0% |
| 1986 | 0.492 | +8.6% |
| 1987 | 0.493 | +0.2% |
| 1988 | 0.499 | +1.2% |
| 1989 | 0.499 | +0.0% |
| 1990 | 0.499 | +0.0% |
| 1991 | 0.499 | +0.0% |
| 1992 | 0.499 | +0.0% |
| 1993 | 0.506 | +1.4% |
| 1994 | 0.525 | +3.8% |
| 1995 | 0.525 | +0.0% |
| 1996 | 0.519 | -1.1% |
| 1997 | 0.519 | +0.0% |
| 1998 | 0.508 | -2.1% |
| 1999 | 0.46 | -9.4% |
| 2000 | 0.46 | +0.0% |
| 2001 | 0.46 | +0.0% |
| 2002 | 0.46 | +0.0% |
| 2003 | 0.466 | +1.3% |
| 2004 | 0.489 | +4.9% |
| 2005 | 0.489 | +0.0% |
| 2006 | 0.473 | -3.3% |
| 2007 | 0.473 | +0.0% |
| 2008 | 0.48 | +1.5% |
| 2009 | 0.499 | +4.0% |
| 2010 | 0.499 | +0.0% |
| 2011 | 0.499 | +0.0% |
| 2012 | 0.499 | +0.0% |
| 2013 | 0.495 | -0.8% |
| 2014 | 0.486 | -1.8% |
| 2015 | 0.486 | +0.0% |
| 2016 | 0.486 | +0.0% |
| 2017 | 0.486 | +0.0% |
| 2018 | 0.5 | +2.9% |
| 2019 | 0.537 | +7.4% |
| 2020 | 0.537 | +0.0% |
| 2021 | 0.652 | +21.4% |
| 2022 | 0.698 | +7.1% |
| 2023 | 0.7 | +0.3% |
| 2024 | 0.705 | +0.7% |
| 2025 | 0.705 | +0.0% |
Eswatini compared with similar countries
- Eswatini's 0.705 is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is 0.6325, 1.1× the median. (46 countries reporting)
- Eswatini's 0.705 is above the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 0.6135, 1.1× the median. (48 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900s | 0.6915 | 0.669 | 0.694 | 10 |
| 1910s | 0.669 | 0.669 | 0.669 | 10 |
| 1920s | 0.669 | 0.669 | 0.669 | 10 |
| 1930s | 0.669 | 0.669 | 0.669 | 10 |
| 1940s | 0.669 | 0.669 | 0.669 | 10 |
| 1950s | 0.669 | 0.669 | 0.669 | 10 |
| 1960s | 0.5279 | 0.377 | 0.628 | 10 |
| 1970s | 0.4235 | 0.377 | 0.471 | 10 |
| 1980s | 0.477 | 0.453 | 0.499 | 10 |
| 1990s | 0.5059 | 0.46 | 0.525 | 10 |
| 2000s | 0.4749 | 0.46 | 0.499 | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.4973 | 0.486 | 0.537 | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.6662 | 0.537 | 0.705 | 6 |
Countries ranked near Eswatini
More reference data data for Eswatini
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.0203 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 0.3059 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 0.3309 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.0048 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 0.3309 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.0679 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure Management 0.0557 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 1.66 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 1.82 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.026 (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is clientelism index in Eswatini?
- Clientelism index in Eswatini was 0.705 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest clientelism index recorded in Eswatini?
- The highest recorded value was 0.705 in 2024.
- What is the lowest clientelism index recorded in Eswatini?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.377 in 1969.
- How does Eswatini rank for clientelism index?
- Eswatini ranks 42nd out of 176 countries with data for 2025.
- Is clientelism index rising or falling in Eswatini?
- Over the last ten years it is up 45.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Eswatini data come from?
- The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Clientelism Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 126 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Composite index measuring the extent to which politics hinge on clientelistic exchanges of targeted goods, jobs, or cash for electoral support; higher values denote more pervasive clientelism.