Average annual surface temperature in Turkey
Turkey: Average annual surface temperature was 12.88 °C in 2025. ▲ Rising
Latest (2025)
12.88 °C
Change on year
down 3.4%
World rank
140th
of 193 countries
All-time high
13.34 °C
in 2024
All-time low
9.13 °C
in 1949
Years of data
86
1940–2025
Average annual surface temperature in Turkey, 1940–2025
Source: Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in °C.
Analysis
Turkey recorded 12.88 °C for average annual surface temperature in 2025.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 3.4% on the previous year and up 6.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, average annual surface temperature in Turkey peaked at 13.34 °C in 2024 and was at its lowest, 9.13 °C, in 1949.
That places Turkey 140th out of 193 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 86 years of available data.
Average annual surface temperature in Turkey, year by year
| Year | °C | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1940 | 9.93 °C | — |
| 1941 | 9.89 °C | -0.5% |
| 1942 | 9.95 °C | +0.7% |
| 1943 | 10.16 °C | +2.0% |
| 1944 | 10.12 °C | -0.3% |
| 1945 | 9.23 °C | -8.8% |
| 1946 | 10.13 °C | +9.8% |
| 1947 | 11.05 °C | +9.0% |
| 1948 | 9.21 °C | -16.6% |
| 1949 | 9.13 °C | -0.9% |
| 1950 | 10.42 °C | +14.1% |
| 1951 | 11.12 °C | +6.7% |
| 1952 | 11.53 °C | +3.6% |
| 1953 | 9.91 °C | -14.1% |
| 1954 | 11.13 °C | +12.3% |
| 1955 | 11.84 °C | +6.4% |
| 1956 | 9.52 °C | -19.6% |
| 1957 | 10.9 °C | +14.5% |
| 1958 | 10.9 °C | +0.1% |
| 1959 | 9.67 °C | -11.3% |
| 1960 | 11.18 °C | +15.5% |
| 1961 | 10.39 °C | -7.0% |
| 1962 | 11.72 °C | +12.8% |
| 1963 | 11.33 °C | -3.4% |
| 1964 | 10.38 °C | -8.4% |
| 1965 | 10.7 °C | +3.1% |
| 1966 | 12.57 °C | +17.5% |
| 1967 | 10.01 °C | -20.4% |
| 1968 | 11.02 °C | +10.2% |
| 1969 | 11.12 °C | +0.9% |
| 1970 | 11.66 °C | +4.8% |
| 1971 | 10.96 °C | -6.0% |
| 1972 | 10.12 °C | -7.6% |
| 1973 | 10.54 °C | +4.2% |
| 1974 | 10.64 °C | +0.9% |
| 1975 | 10.57 °C | -0.6% |
| 1976 | 10 °C | -5.4% |
| 1977 | 10.82 °C | +8.3% |
| 1978 | 11.05 °C | +2.1% |
| 1979 | 11.44 °C | +3.5% |
| 1980 | 10.74 °C | -6.1% |
| 1981 | 11.34 °C | +5.6% |
| 1982 | 10.04 °C | -11.5% |
| 1983 | 10.18 °C | +1.4% |
| 1984 | 10.71 °C | +5.1% |
| 1985 | 10.67 °C | -0.3% |
| 1986 | 11.11 °C | +4.1% |
| 1987 | 10.51 °C | -5.4% |
| 1988 | 10.54 °C | +0.3% |
| 1989 | 11.06 °C | +4.9% |
| 1990 | 10.88 °C | -1.6% |
| 1991 | 10.69 °C | -1.8% |
| 1992 | 9.26 °C | -13.4% |
| 1993 | 10.25 °C | +10.7% |
| 1994 | 11.72 °C | +14.3% |
| 1995 | 10.95 °C | -6.6% |
| 1996 | 11.38 °C | +4.0% |
| 1997 | 10.37 °C | -8.9% |
| 1998 | 11.95 °C | +15.2% |
| 1999 | 12.16 °C | +1.8% |
| 2000 | 11.16 °C | -8.3% |
| 2001 | 12.42 °C | +11.3% |
| 2002 | 11.3 °C | -9.0% |
| 2003 | 11.28 °C | -0.2% |
| 2004 | 11.23 °C | -0.5% |
| 2005 | 11.41 °C | +1.6% |
| 2006 | 11.48 °C | +0.6% |
| 2007 | 11.72 °C | +2.1% |
| 2008 | 11.62 °C | -0.9% |
| 2009 | 11.68 °C | +0.5% |
| 2010 | 13.33 °C | +14.1% |
| 2011 | 10.74 °C | -19.5% |
| 2012 | 11.75 °C | +9.4% |
| 2013 | 11.7 °C | -0.4% |
| 2014 | 12.61 °C | +7.8% |
| 2015 | 12.06 °C | -4.4% |
| 2016 | 12.24 °C | +1.5% |
| 2017 | 11.96 °C | -2.3% |
| 2018 | 13.33 °C | +11.4% |
| 2019 | 12.6 °C | -5.4% |
| 2020 | 12.79 °C | +1.5% |
| 2021 | 12.62 °C | -1.4% |
| 2022 | 12.21 °C | -3.3% |
| 2023 | 12.88 °C | +5.5% |
| 2024 | 13.34 °C | +3.6% |
| 2025 | 12.88 °C | -3.4% |
Turkey compared with similar countries
- Turkey's 12.88 °C is below the median for upper middle income countries, which is 23.03 °C, 56% of the median. (50 countries reporting)
- Turkey's 12.88 °C is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 10.44 °C, 1.2× the median. (52 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1940s | 9.88 °C | 9.13 °C | 11.05 °C | 10 |
| 1950s | 10.69 °C | 9.52 °C | 11.84 °C | 10 |
| 1960s | 11.04 °C | 10.01 °C | 12.57 °C | 10 |
| 1970s | 10.78 °C | 10 °C | 11.66 °C | 10 |
| 1980s | 10.69 °C | 10.04 °C | 11.34 °C | 10 |
| 1990s | 10.96 °C | 9.26 °C | 12.16 °C | 10 |
| 2000s | 11.53 °C | 11.16 °C | 12.42 °C | 10 |
| 2010s | 12.23 °C | 10.74 °C | 13.33 °C | 10 |
| 2020s | 12.79 °C | 12.21 °C | 13.34 °C | 6 |
Countries ranked near Turkey
More reference data data for Turkey
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.815 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 10.96 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 22.31 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 1.72 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 22.31 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 2.73 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure Management 1.1 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 53.65 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 103 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 9.35 (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is average annual surface temperature in Turkey?
- Average annual surface temperature in Turkey was 12.88 °C in 2025, according to Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest average annual surface temperature recorded in Turkey?
- The highest recorded value was 13.34 °C in 2024.
- What is the lowest average annual surface temperature recorded in Turkey?
- The lowest recorded value was 9.13 °C in 1949.
- How does Turkey rank for average annual surface temperature?
- Turkey ranks 140th out of 193 countries with data for 2025.
- Is average annual surface temperature rising or falling in Turkey?
- Over the last ten years it is up 6.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Turkey data come from?
- The figures come from Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Average annual surface temperature. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 86 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Temperature of the air measured 2 meters above the ground, encompassing land, sea, and in-land water surfaces.