Average annual surface temperature in Mongolia
Mongolia: Average annual surface temperature was 2.24 °C in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2025)
2.24 °C
Change on year
down 13.0%
World rank
189th
of 193 countries
All-time high
2.89 °C
in 2007
All-time low
-0.9131 °C
in 1969
Years of data
86
1940–2025
Average annual surface temperature in Mongolia, 1940–2025
Source: Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in °C.
Analysis
The most recent figure for average annual surface temperature in Mongolia is 2.24 °C, measured in 2025.
The figure is down 13.0% on the previous year and up 3.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, average annual surface temperature in Mongolia peaked at 2.89 °C in 2007 and was at its lowest, -0.9131 °C, in 1969.
Mongolia ranks 189th of 193 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Average annual surface temperature in Mongolia, year by year
| Year | °C | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1940 | 0.9151 °C | — |
| 1941 | 1.21 °C | +31.7% |
| 1942 | 1.76 °C | +46.0% |
| 1943 | 2.03 °C | +15.4% |
| 1944 | 0.6369 °C | -68.7% |
| 1945 | 1.49 °C | +134.2% |
| 1946 | 1.06 °C | -28.9% |
| 1947 | -0.2823 °C | -126.6% |
| 1948 | 1.8 °C | -736.7% |
| 1949 | 1.76 °C | -1.8% |
| 1950 | 1.24 °C | -29.8% |
| 1951 | 0.9455 °C | -23.7% |
| 1952 | 0.5959 °C | -37.0% |
| 1953 | 1.58 °C | +165.3% |
| 1954 | 0.0632 °C | -96.0% |
| 1955 | 1.03 °C | +1534.2% |
| 1956 | -0.1568 °C | -115.2% |
| 1957 | -0.3662 °C | +133.6% |
| 1958 | 0.578 °C | -257.9% |
| 1959 | 0.1722 °C | -70.2% |
| 1960 | 0.0813 °C | -52.8% |
| 1961 | 0.4992 °C | +513.8% |
| 1962 | 0.6256 °C | +25.3% |
| 1963 | 1.28 °C | +104.7% |
| 1964 | 0.4157 °C | -67.5% |
| 1965 | 1.45 °C | +249.0% |
| 1966 | 0.3042 °C | -79.0% |
| 1967 | 0.0756 °C | -75.1% |
| 1968 | -0.2285 °C | -402.0% |
| 1969 | -0.9131 °C | +299.7% |
| 1970 | -0.2994 °C | -67.2% |
| 1971 | 0.0757 °C | -125.3% |
| 1972 | 0.5296 °C | +599.4% |
| 1973 | 0.935 °C | +76.6% |
| 1974 | -0.2033 °C | -121.7% |
| 1975 | 0.6969 °C | -442.8% |
| 1976 | -0.3186 °C | -145.7% |
| 1977 | 0.3997 °C | -225.5% |
| 1978 | 0.9035 °C | +126.0% |
| 1979 | 0.9552 °C | +5.7% |
| 1980 | 0.3606 °C | -62.3% |
| 1981 | 0.331 °C | -8.2% |
| 1982 | 1.3 °C | +294.1% |
| 1983 | 0.7193 °C | -44.9% |
| 1984 | -0.7265 °C | -201.0% |
| 1985 | -0.2377 °C | -67.3% |
| 1986 | 0.5453 °C | -329.4% |
| 1987 | 0.3483 °C | -36.1% |
| 1988 | 0.5634 °C | +61.8% |
| 1989 | 1.51 °C | +167.4% |
| 1990 | 1.33 °C | -11.6% |
| 1991 | 0.8372 °C | -37.2% |
| 1992 | 0.8719 °C | +4.1% |
| 1993 | 0.3802 °C | -56.4% |
| 1994 | 1.28 °C | +236.4% |
| 1995 | 1.52 °C | +18.6% |
| 1996 | 0.449 °C | -70.4% |
| 1997 | 1.93 °C | +330.6% |
| 1998 | 2.15 °C | +11.2% |
| 1999 | 1.71 °C | -20.4% |
| 2000 | 1.01 °C | -41.1% |
| 2001 | 1.49 °C | +47.8% |
| 2002 | 1.92 °C | +29.2% |
| 2003 | 0.6731 °C | -65.0% |
| 2004 | 1.84 °C | +173.8% |
| 2005 | 0.8293 °C | -55.0% |
| 2006 | 1.71 °C | +105.9% |
| 2007 | 2.89 °C | +69.1% |
| 2008 | 1.91 °C | -33.8% |
| 2009 | 1.33 °C | -30.6% |
| 2010 | 0.5063 °C | -61.8% |
| 2011 | 0.8218 °C | +62.3% |
| 2012 | 0.1934 °C | -76.5% |
| 2013 | 1.58 °C | +718.3% |
| 2014 | 1.83 °C | +15.9% |
| 2015 | 2.16 °C | +17.9% |
| 2016 | 1.41 °C | -34.6% |
| 2017 | 2.44 °C | +72.8% |
| 2018 | 1.64 °C | -33.0% |
| 2019 | 1.99 °C | +21.3% |
| 2020 | 1.91 °C | -4.0% |
| 2021 | 2.25 °C | +18.2% |
| 2022 | 1.6 °C | -28.9% |
| 2023 | 2.03 °C | +26.5% |
| 2024 | 2.58 °C | +27.1% |
| 2025 | 2.24 °C | -13.0% |
Mongolia compared with similar countries
- Mongolia's 2.24 °C is below the median for upper middle income countries, which is 23.03 °C, 10% of the median. (50 countries reporting)
- Mongolia's 2.24 °C is below the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 24.82 °C, 9% of the median. (27 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Average annual surface temperature in Mongolia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1955 | +1534.2% | 0.0632 °C | 1.03 °C |
| 1948 | +736.7% | -0.2823 °C | 1.8 °C |
| 2013 | +718.3% | 0.1934 °C | 1.58 °C |
| 1972 | +599.4% | 0.0757 °C | 0.5296 °C |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1940s | 1.24 °C | -0.2823 °C | 2.03 °C | 10 |
| 1950s | 0.5685 °C | -0.3662 °C | 1.58 °C | 10 |
| 1960s | 0.3591 °C | -0.9131 °C | 1.45 °C | 10 |
| 1970s | 0.3674 °C | -0.3186 °C | 0.9552 °C | 10 |
| 1980s | 0.4715 °C | -0.7265 °C | 1.51 °C | 10 |
| 1990s | 1.25 °C | 0.3802 °C | 2.15 °C | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.56 °C | 0.6731 °C | 2.89 °C | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.46 °C | 0.1934 °C | 2.44 °C | 10 |
| 2020s | 2.1 °C | 1.6 °C | 2.58 °C | 6 |
Countries ranked near Mongolia
- 186 Kyrgyzstan 2.5 °C compare
- 187 Norway 2.5 °C compare
- 188 Heard Island and McDonald Islands 2.45 °C compare
- 190 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands -0.0896 °C compare
- 191 Russia -2.35 °C compare
- 192 Canada -2.55 °C compare
More reference data data for Mongolia
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.8173 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 3.37 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 4.25 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.0069 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 4.25 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 2.74 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure Management 3.16 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 12.74 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 18.89 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.0378 (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is average annual surface temperature in Mongolia?
- Average annual surface temperature in Mongolia was 2.24 °C in 2025, according to Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest average annual surface temperature recorded in Mongolia?
- The highest recorded value was 2.89 °C in 2007.
- What is the lowest average annual surface temperature recorded in Mongolia?
- The lowest recorded value was -0.9131 °C in 1969.
- How does Mongolia rank for average annual surface temperature?
- Mongolia ranks 189th out of 193 countries with data for 2025.
- Is average annual surface temperature rising or falling in Mongolia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 3.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Mongolia data come from?
- The figures come from Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Average annual surface temperature. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 86 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Temperature of the air measured 2 meters above the ground, encompassing land, sea, and in-land water surfaces.