Armed forces personnel in Japan

Japan: Armed forces personnel was 261,000 in 2020. ▲ Rising

Latest (2020)
261,000
Change on year
unchanged
World rank
27th
of 173 countries
All-time high
272,000
in 2005
All-time low
233,000
in 1994
Years of data
33
1985–2020

Armed forces personnel in Japan, 1985–2020

0100.0k200.0k300.0k1985200220201985: 243.0k1989: 247.0k1990: 250.0k1991: 250.0k1992: 242.0k1993: 242.0k1994: 233.0k1995: 251.5k1996: 247.5k1997: 247.6k1998: 254.6k1999: 254.6k2000: 248.7k2001: 252.1k2002: 252.1k2003: 252.1k2004: 251.0k2005: 272.0k2006: 252.0k2007: 242.0k2008: 242.0k2009: 260.4k2010: 260.4k2011: 260.1k2012: 259.8k2013: 259.8k2014: 259.8k2015: 259.8k2016: 260.9k2017: 261.0k2018: 261.1k2019: 261.0k2020: 261.0k

Source: The Military Balance - International Institute for Strategic Studies, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.

Analysis

In 2020, armed forces personnel in Japan stood at 261,000.

That represents a change of up 0.2% over ten years.

Over the whole period, armed forces personnel in Japan peaked at 272,000 in 2005 and was at its lowest, 233,000, in 1994.

That places Japan 27th out of 173 countries with data for 2020, putting it in the top quarter.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 33 years of available data.

Armed forces personnel in Japan, year by year

Annual values for Armed forces personnel in Japan, 1985 to 2020.
Year Value Change
1985 243,000
1989 247,000 +1.6%
1990 250,000 +1.2%
1991 250,000 +0.0%
1992 242,000 -3.2%
1993 242,000 +0.0%
1994 233,000 -3.7%
1995 251,500 +7.9%
1996 247,500 -1.6%
1997 247,600 +0.0%
1998 254,600 +2.8%
1999 254,600 +0.0%
2000 248,700 -2.3%
2001 252,100 +1.4%
2002 252,100 +0.0%
2003 252,100 +0.0%
2004 251,000 -0.4%
2005 272,000 +8.4%
2006 252,000 -7.4%
2007 242,000 -4.0%
2008 242,000 +0.0%
2009 260,382 +7.6%
2010 260,382 +0.0%
2011 260,086 -0.1%
2012 259,800 -0.1%
2013 259,800 +0.0%
2014 259,800 +0.0%
2015 259,800 +0.0%
2016 260,890 +0.4%
2017 261,000 +0.0%
2018 261,150 +0.1%
2019 261,000 -0.1%
2020 261,000 +0.0%

Japan compared with similar countries

  • Japan's 261,000 is above the median for high income countries, which is 25,000, 10.4× the median. (57 countries reporting)
  • Japan's 261,000 is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 146,500, 1.8× the median. (20 countries reporting)

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1980s 245,000 243,000 247,000 2
1990s 247,280 233,000 254,600 10
2000s 252,438 242,000 272,000 10
2010s 260,371 259,800 261,150 10
2020s 261,000 261,000 261,000 1

Countries ranked near Japan

  1. 24 Ukraine 298,000 compare
  2. 25 Saudi Arabia 282,000 compare
  3. 26 Syria 269,000 compare
  4. 28 Morocco 246,000 compare
  5. 29 Bangladesh 227,000 compare
  6. 30 Nigeria 223,000 compare

See the full ranking of 173 places →

More reference data data for Japan

All data for Japan →

Frequently asked questions

What is armed forces personnel in Japan?
Armed forces personnel in Japan was 261,000 in 2020, according to The Military Balance - International Institute for Strategic Studies, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
What is the highest armed forces personnel recorded in Japan?
The highest recorded value was 272,000 in 2005.
What is the lowest armed forces personnel recorded in Japan?
The lowest recorded value was 233,000 in 1994.
How does Japan rank for armed forces personnel?
Japan ranks 27th out of 173 countries with data for 2020.
Is armed forces personnel rising or falling in Japan?
Over the last ten years it is up 0.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this Japan data come from?
The figures come from The Military Balance - International Institute for Strategic Studies, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Armed forces personnel. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Armed forces personnel in Japan. Statizoid, drawing on The Military Balance - International Institute for Strategic Studies, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Retrieved 22 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/armed-forces-personnel/japan/

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About this data

Indicator
Armed forces personnel
Source
The Military Balance - International Institute for Strategic Studies, via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
173 places, 5,352 data points, 1985–2020
Last refreshed

Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if their training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces.