Public social spending as share of GDP in United Kingdom

United Kingdom: Public social spending as share of GDP was 23.0% in 2023. ▲ Rising

Latest (2023)
23.0%
Change on year
up 1.0%
World rank
18th
of 42 countries
All-time high
25.6%
in 2020
All-time low
0.8%
in 1890
Years of data
70
1880–2023

Public social spending as share of GDP in United Kingdom, 1880–2023

0510152025188019512023

Source: OECD (2025); OECD (1985); Lindert (2004) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in % of GDP.

Analysis

United Kingdom recorded 23.0% for public social spending as share of gdp in 2023.

The figure is up 1.0% on the previous year and down 6.5% over ten years.

Over the whole period, public social spending as share of gdp in United Kingdom peaked at 25.6% in 2020 and was at its lowest, 0.8%, in 1890.

That places United Kingdom 18th out of 42 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 70 years of available data.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1880s 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 1
1890s 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 1
1900s 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1
1910s 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1
1920s 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1
1930s 2.2% 2.2% 2.2% 1
1960s 11.9% 10.5% 13.4% 10
1970s 15.3% 13.4% 16.9% 10
1980s 18.6% 16.8% 19.6% 10
1990s 19.3% 17.2% 21.1% 10
2000s 21.3% 19.3% 25.1% 10
2010s 23.8% 22.2% 25.3% 10
2020s 23.9% 22.7% 25.6% 4

Countries ranked near United Kingdom

  1. 15 Greece 23.7% compare
  2. 16 Poland 23.1% compare
  3. 17 Slovenia 23.0% compare
  4. 19 Croatia 22.5% compare
  5. 20 Czechia 22.1% compare
  6. 21 Bulgaria 20.5% compare

See the full ranking of 42 places →

More reference data data for United Kingdom

All data for United Kingdom →

Frequently asked questions

What is public social spending as share of gdp in United Kingdom?
Public social spending as share of gdp in United Kingdom was 23.0% in 2023, according to OECD (2025); OECD (1985); Lindert (2004) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
What is the highest public social spending as share of gdp recorded in United Kingdom?
The highest recorded value was 25.6% in 2020.
What is the lowest public social spending as share of gdp recorded in United Kingdom?
The lowest recorded value was 0.8% in 1890.
How does United Kingdom rank for public social spending as share of gdp?
United Kingdom ranks 18th out of 42 countries with data for 2023.
Is public social spending as share of gdp rising or falling in United Kingdom?
Over the last ten years it is down 6.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this United Kingdom data come from?
The figures come from OECD (2025); OECD (1985); Lindert (2004) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Public social spending as share of GDP. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Download this data

CSV · JSON — 70 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).

About this data

Indicator
Public social spending as share of GDP
Unit
% of GDP
Source
OECD (2025); OECD (1985); Lindert (2004) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
42 places, 1,937 data points, 1880–2024
Last refreshed

Public social expenditure divided bt gross domestic product, expressed as a percentage.