Real Effective Exchange Rate in Upper middle income
Upper middle income: Real Effective Exchange Rate was 100.26 in 2024. ▲ Rising
Real Effective Exchange Rate in Upper middle income, 1995–2024
Source: World Bank staff calculations based on Datastream and IMF International Finance Statistics data.
Analysis
In 2024, real effective exchange rate in Upper middle income stood at 100.26.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 0.9% on the previous year and down 5.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, real effective exchange rate in Upper middle income peaked at 110.06 in 2015 and was at its lowest, 85.5, in 2004.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 30 years of available data.
Real Effective Exchange Rate in Upper middle income, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 90.84 | — |
| 1996 | 98.02 | +7.9% |
| 1997 | 103.64 | +5.7% |
| 1998 | 103.72 | +0.1% |
| 1999 | 98.68 | -4.9% |
| 2000 | 100.29 | +1.6% |
| 2001 | 102.87 | +2.6% |
| 2002 | 92.43 | -10.1% |
| 2003 | 87.1 | -5.8% |
| 2004 | 85.5 | -1.8% |
| 2005 | 87.35 | +2.2% |
| 2006 | 89.65 | +2.6% |
| 2007 | 92.27 | +2.9% |
| 2008 | 96.17 | +4.2% |
| 2009 | 97.02 | +0.9% |
| 2010 | 99.98 | +3.1% |
| 2011 | 101.46 | +1.5% |
| 2012 | 104.1 | +2.6% |
| 2013 | 107.01 | +2.8% |
| 2014 | 105.9 | -1.0% |
| 2015 | 110.06 | +3.9% |
| 2016 | 106.12 | -3.6% |
| 2017 | 105.48 | -0.6% |
| 2018 | 103.41 | -2.0% |
| 2019 | 102.75 | -0.6% |
| 2020 | 101.05 | -1.7% |
| 2021 | 102.92 | +1.9% |
| 2022 | 104.98 | +2.0% |
| 2023 | 101.15 | -3.6% |
| 2024 | 100.26 | -0.9% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 98.98 | 90.84 | 103.72 | 5 |
| 2000s | 93.06 | 85.5 | 102.87 | 10 |
| 2010s | 104.63 | 99.98 | 110.06 | 10 |
| 2020s | 102.07 | 100.26 | 104.98 | 5 |
Countries ranked near Upper middle income
- 3 Iceland 139.92 compare
- 4 Argentina 132.83 compare
- 5 Vietnam 129.99 compare
- 6 Central African Republic 127.93 compare
- 7 United States 127.79 compare
- 8 Solomon Islands 126.54 compare
- 9 Saudi Arabia 126.41 compare
More reference data data for Upper middle income
- Exchange rate, new LCU per USD extended backward, period average 2,308 (2026)
- CPI Price, nominal 300.54 (2026)
- CPI Price, nominal, annual growth rate 7.96 % change on previous year (2026)
- CPI Price, nominal, seas. adj. 300.23 (2026)
- CPI Price, nominal, seas. adj., annual growth rate 7.5 % change on previous year (2026)
- School age population, one year before than official primary entry 41.24 million number (2019)
- School age population, one year before than official primary entry 19.74 million number (2019)
- School age population, one year before than official primary entry 21.50 million number (2019)
- School life expectancy, primary, both sexes 5.97 years (2019)
- School life expectancy, primary, male 6 years (2019)
Frequently asked questions
- What is real effective exchange rate in Upper middle income?
- Real effective exchange rate in Upper middle income was 100.26 in 2024, according to World Bank staff calculations based on Datastream and IMF International Finance Statistics data.
- What is the highest real effective exchange rate recorded in Upper middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 110.06 in 2015.
- What is the lowest real effective exchange rate recorded in Upper middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 85.5 in 2004.
- How does Upper middle income rank for real effective exchange rate?
- Upper middle income ranks 6th out of 10 groups with data for 2024.
- Is real effective exchange rate rising or falling in Upper middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is down 5.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Upper middle income data come from?
- The figures come from World Bank staff calculations based on Datastream and IMF International Finance Statistics data, published as part of Real Effective Exchange Rate. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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CSV · JSON — 30 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.