Political opposition by country
Indicates whether more than one party or non-party candidate are able to compete in elections for the legislature.
Countries reporting
193
Highest
1
Angola
Lowest
0
Vatican
Median
1
Years covered
237
1789–2025
Data points
32,485
What the numbers show
Political opposition is currently reported for 193 countries. The highest value is 1 in Angola; the lowest is 0 in Vatican.
The median across all reporting countries is 1, and the mean is 0.7979.
Political opposition: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Angola | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Albania | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Andorra | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Argentina | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Armenia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Australia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Austria | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Azerbaijan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Burundi | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Belgium | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Benin | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Bulgaria | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Bahrain | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Bahamas | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Belize | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Bolivia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Brazil | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Barbados | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Bhutan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Botswana | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Central African Republic | 1 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 1 | Canada | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Switzerland | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Chile | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Cote d'Ivoire | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Cameroon | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Congo | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Colombia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Comoros | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Cape Verde | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Costa Rica | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Cyprus | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Czechia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Germany | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Djibouti | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Dominica | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Denmark | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Dominican Republic | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Algeria | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Ecuador | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Egypt | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Spain | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Estonia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Ethiopia | 1 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 1 | Finland | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Fiji | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | France | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Micronesia (country) | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Gabon | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | United Kingdom | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Georgia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Ghana | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Gambia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Equatorial Guinea | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Greece | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Grenada | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Guatemala | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Guyana | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Honduras | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Croatia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Hungary | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Indonesia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | India | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Iran | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Iraq | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Iceland | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Israel | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Italy | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Jamaica | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Jordan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Japan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Kazakhstan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Kenya | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Kyrgyzstan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Kiribati | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | South Korea | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Lebanon | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Liberia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Saint Lucia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Sri Lanka | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Lesotho | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Lithuania | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Latvia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Morocco | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Monaco | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Moldova | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Maldives | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Mexico | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Marshall Islands | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | North Macedonia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Montenegro | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Mongolia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Mozambique | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Mauritania | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Mauritius | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Malawi | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Malaysia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Namibia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Nigeria | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Netherlands | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Norway | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Nepal | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Nauru | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | New Zealand | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Pakistan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Panama | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Peru | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Philippines | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Palau | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Papua New Guinea | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Poland | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Portugal | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Paraguay | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Romania | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Rwanda | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Senegal | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Singapore | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Solomon Islands | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Sierra Leone | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | El Salvador | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | San Marino | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Serbia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Sao Tome and Principe | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Suriname | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Slovakia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Slovenia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Sweden | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Seychelles | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Chad | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Togo | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Thailand | 1 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 1 | Tajikistan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | East Timor | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Tonga | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Turkey | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Tuvalu | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Tanzania | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Uganda | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Ukraine | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Uruguay | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | United States | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Uzbekistan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Vanuatu | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Samoa | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | South Africa | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Zambia | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 1 | Zimbabwe | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 1 | Taiwan | 1 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 159 | Afghanistan | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | United Arab Emirates | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | Burkina Faso | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Bangladesh | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Belarus | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Brunei | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | China | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | Cuba | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | Eritrea | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | Guinea | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Guinea-Bissau | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Haiti | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | Cambodia | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Kuwait | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Laos | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | Libya | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | Madagascar | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Mali | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Myanmar | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Niger | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Nicaragua | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Oman | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | North Korea | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | Palestine | 0 | 1947 | — | flat |
| 159 | Qatar | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | Russia | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Saudi Arabia | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | Sudan | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Somalia | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | South Sudan | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | Eswatini | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | Syria | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | Turkmenistan | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | Tunisia | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Venezuela | 0 | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Vietnam | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | Yemen | 0 | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 159 | Western Sahara | 0 | 2025 | — | flat |
| 159 | Vatican | 0 | 1869 | — | flat |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- USSR 1
About this data
Indicates whether more than one party or non-party candidate are able to compete in elections for the legislature.