Pm exposure 1990 2017, per square kilometre by country
Pm exposure 1990 2017 divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
200
Highest
5.46 units per square kilometre
Monaco
Lowest
0 units per square kilometre
Russia
Median
0.0002 units per square kilometre
Years covered
34
1990–2023
Data points
6,650
What the numbers show
Pm exposure 1990 2017, per square kilometre is currently reported for 200 countries. The highest value is 5.46 units per square kilometre in Monaco; the lowest is 0 units per square kilometre in Russia.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.0002 units per square kilometre, and the mean is 0.0338 units per square kilometre.
Over the past decade 73 countries rose and 127 fell. The largest increase was in Nigeria (up 25.8%), and the largest decrease in Luxembourg (down 48.0%).
Pm exposure 1990 2017, per square kilometre: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Monaco | 5.46 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.9% | falling |
| 2 | Nauru | 0.2304 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.4% | falling |
| 3 | San Marino | 0.2081 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.9% | falling |
| 4 | Tuvalu | 0.2009 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.6% | falling |
| 5 | Bermuda | 0.0858 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.7% | falling |
| 6 | Bahrain | 0.0707 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.2% | falling |
| 7 | Maldives | 0.0375 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.0% | falling |
| 8 | Malta | 0.0343 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 9 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.034 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.5% | falling |
| 10 | Grenada | 0.0321 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.5% | falling |
| 11 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.0273 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.5% | falling |
| 12 | Barbados | 0.0254 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.8% | falling |
| 13 | Marshall Islands | 0.0227 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.9% | falling |
| 14 | American Samoa | 0.0217 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.7% | falling |
| 15 | Singapore | 0.0209 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 42.0% | falling |
| 16 | Seychelles | 0.0203 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.7% | falling |
| 17 | United States Virgin Islands | 0.0195 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.8% | falling |
| 18 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.0191 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.3% | falling |
| 19 | Andorra | 0.019 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.9% | falling |
| 20 | Saint Lucia | 0.0171 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.9% | falling |
| 21 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.0157 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.2% | flat |
| 22 | Dominica | 0.0153 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.7% | falling |
| 23 | Palau | 0.0108 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.4% | falling |
| 24 | Qatar | 0.0094 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.8% | flat |
| 25 | Mauritius | 0.007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.5% | rising |
| 26 | Tonga | 0.0065 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.8% | falling |
| 27 | Guam | 0.0064 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.1% | falling |
| 28 | Northern Mariana Islands | 0.0059 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.0% | falling |
| 29 | Comoros | 0.0055 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.0% | flat |
| 30 | Micronesia (country) | 0.005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.4% | falling |
| 31 | Cape Verde | 0.005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.7% | falling |
| 32 | Kiribati | 0.0048 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 16.7% | falling |
| 33 | Gambia | 0.0038 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.6% | falling |
| 34 | Palestine | 0.0037 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.5% | falling |
| 35 | Kuwait | 0.0035 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.7% | rising |
| 36 | Luxembourg | 0.0029 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 48.0% | falling |
| 37 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.0027 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.4% | flat |
| 38 | Lebanon | 0.0026 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.1% | rising |
| 39 | Jamaica | 0.002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 40 | Cyprus | 0.0017 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 41 | Djibouti | 0.0017 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.2% | rising |
| 42 | Samoa | 0.0016 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.8% | falling |
| 43 | Rwanda | 0.0015 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.0% | flat |
| 44 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.0015 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.6% | flat |
| 45 | Brunei | 0.0014 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 46 | El Salvador | 0.0014 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.3% | falling |
| 47 | Burundi | 0.0014 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.6% | flat |
| 48 | Montenegro | 0.0014 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.5% | falling |
| 49 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0011 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.4% | falling |
| 50 | Armenia | 0.001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.7% | falling |
| 51 | Israel | 0.001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.6% | falling |
| 52 | Eswatini | 0.001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.1% | falling |
| 53 | Puerto Rico | 0.0009 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.9% | flat |
| 54 | Lesotho | 0.0009 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.0% | falling |
| 55 | North Macedonia | 0.0009 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.5% | falling |
| 56 | East Timor | 0.0008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.2% | falling |
| 57 | United Arab Emirates | 0.0008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.3% | flat |
| 58 | Bhutan | 0.0008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 59 | Belize | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.2% | falling |
| 60 | Togo | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.3% | falling |
| 61 | Slovenia | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 24.3% | falling |
| 62 | Vanuatu | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.6% | falling |
| 63 | Haiti | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 64 | Albania | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.7% | falling |
| 65 | Bangladesh | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 66 | Bahamas | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.6% | falling |
| 67 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.3% | falling |
| 68 | Moldova | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.1% | falling |
| 69 | Nepal | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.6% | rising |
| 70 | Jordan | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 71 | Sri Lanka | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.1% | falling |
| 72 | Fiji | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 73 | Benin | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.7% | falling |
| 74 | Costa Rica | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.2% | falling |
| 75 | Solomon Islands | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.7% | rising |
| 76 | Sierra Leone | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.7% | flat |
| 77 | Azerbaijan | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.4% | rising |
| 78 | Slovakia | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.1% | falling |
| 79 | Croatia | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.9% | falling |
| 80 | Dominican Republic | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.7% | falling |
| 81 | Eritrea | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.5% | falling |
| 82 | Belgium | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 46.4% | falling |
| 83 | Guatemala | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 84 | Honduras | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.3% | falling |
| 85 | Georgia | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.4% | falling |
| 86 | Netherlands | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 36.9% | falling |
| 87 | Tajikistan | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.1% | rising |
| 88 | South Korea | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.8% | rising |
| 89 | Serbia | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.5% | falling |
| 90 | Senegal | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.3% | falling |
| 91 | Switzerland | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 37.4% | falling |
| 92 | Latvia | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.8% | falling |
| 93 | Panama | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 94 | Denmark | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.2% | falling |
| 95 | Liberia | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 96 | Bulgaria | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.4% | falling |
| 97 | North Korea | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.4% | falling |
| 98 | Malawi | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.6% | flat |
| 99 | Syria | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.4% | rising |
| 100 | Lithuania | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 30.9% | falling |
| 101 | Nicaragua | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.1% | falling |
| 102 | Czechia | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 33.4% | falling |
| 103 | Uganda | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 104 | Oman | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.7% | rising |
| 105 | Hungary | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 29.1% | falling |
| 106 | Estonia | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 28.7% | falling |
| 107 | Burkina Faso | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.9% | flat |
| 108 | Ghana | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.3% | falling |
| 109 | Austria | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 35.2% | falling |
| 110 | Gabon | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.4% | rising |
| 111 | Tunisia | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 112 | Cameroon | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 113 | Iraq | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.4% | rising |
| 114 | Laos | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.9% | falling |
| 115 | Guinea | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.0% | falling |
| 116 | Cambodia | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.9% | falling |
| 117 | Greece | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.7% | falling |
| 118 | Ireland | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.7% | falling |
| 119 | Congo | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.9% | flat |
| 120 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.7% | falling |
| 121 | Suriname | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.3% | falling |
| 122 | Portugal | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.7% | falling |
| 123 | Cuba | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.8% | falling |
| 124 | Yemen | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 125 | Guyana | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 126 | Vietnam | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 16.4% | falling |
| 127 | Pakistan | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.6% | flat |
| 128 | Ecuador | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.1% | falling |
| 129 | Philippines | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.6% | falling |
| 130 | Uzbekistan | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.8% | falling |
| 131 | Nigeria | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.8% | flat |
| 132 | Romania | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.9% | falling |
| 133 | Turkmenistan | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.6% | flat |
| 134 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.2% | falling |
| 135 | Uruguay | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.7% | falling |
| 136 | Belarus | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.9% | falling |
| 137 | Afghanistan | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.6% | falling |
| 138 | Poland | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.8% | falling |
| 139 | Myanmar | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.9% | falling |
| 140 | Central African Republic | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.8% | rising |
| 141 | Niger | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 142 | Iceland | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.5% | falling |
| 143 | Italy | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.1% | falling |
| 144 | Malaysia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.4% | falling |
| 145 | Thailand | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.8% | falling |
| 146 | Mauritania | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.7% | falling |
| 147 | Egypt | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 148 | Morocco | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 149 | United Kingdom | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 24.3% | falling |
| 150 | Zimbabwe | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.9% | flat |
| 151 | Paraguay | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.8% | falling |
| 152 | South Sudan | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.9% | falling |
| 153 | Kenya | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.9% | rising |
| 154 | Turkey | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.4% | rising |
| 155 | Saudi Arabia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 156 | Chad | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.1% | flat |
| 157 | Japan | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.7% | flat |
| 158 | Papua New Guinea | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.5% | falling |
| 159 | Chile | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.0% | falling |
| 160 | Somalia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.6% | rising |
| 161 | Mali | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 162 | Mongolia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.1% | rising |
| 163 | Zambia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.3% | flat |
| 164 | New Zealand | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.9% | falling |
| 165 | Bolivia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.3% | falling |
| 166 | Ukraine | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 21.7% | falling |
| 167 | Germany | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 35.1% | falling |
| 168 | Iran | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 169 | Peru | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.5% | falling |
| 170 | Botswana | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.6% | falling |
| 171 | South Africa | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.4% | rising |
| 172 | Tanzania | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.4% | rising |
| 173 | Venezuela | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.0% | falling |
| 174 | Madagascar | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.2% | rising |
| 175 | Ethiopia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.2% | flat |
| 176 | Spain | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.8% | falling |
| 177 | Sudan | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.5% | falling |
| 178 | India | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 179 | Mozambique | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.0% | falling |
| 180 | Namibia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 16.4% | falling |
| 181 | Colombia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.8% | falling |
| 182 | Angola | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.1% | falling |
| 183 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.5% | flat |
| 184 | France | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 42.4% | falling |
| 185 | Norway | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 21.7% | falling |
| 186 | Finland | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.4% | falling |
| 187 | Sweden | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 16.3% | falling |
| 188 | Libya | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.0% | flat |
| 189 | Indonesia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.9% | falling |
| 190 | Mexico | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.5% | falling |
| 191 | Kazakhstan | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.9% | rising |
| 192 | Algeria | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 193 | Argentina | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.7% | falling |
| 194 | Greenland | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.1% | falling |
| 195 | China | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 38.2% | falling |
| 196 | Brazil | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.4% | falling |
| 197 | Australia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.4% | flat |
| 198 | United States | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.3% | falling |
| 199 | Canada | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.5% | falling |
| 200 | Russia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.3% | falling |
How this figure is calculated
Pm exposure 1990 2017 divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Pm exposure 1990 2017 ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Pm exposure 1990 2017 Our World in Data
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Pm exposure 1990 2017 divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.