Initial household funding per tertiary student, constant PPP$ by country
Total payments of households (pupils, students and their families) for educational institutions (such as for tuition fees, exam and registration fees, contribution to Parent-Teacher associations or other school funds, and fees for canteen, boarding and transport) and purchases outside of educational institutions...
What the numbers show
Initial household funding per tertiary student, constant PPP$ is currently reported for 51 countries. The highest value is 7,776 in Macao; the lowest is 0 in Monaco.
The median across all reporting countries is 1,641, and the mean is 1,954.
Over the past decade 22 countries rose and 20 fell. The largest increase was in Azerbaijan (up 518.8%), and the largest decrease in Romania (down 86.2%).
Initial household funding per tertiary student, constant PPP$: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Macao | 7,776 | 2018 | up 6.9% | flat |
| 2 | Japan | 7,252 | 2016 | down 4.6% | rising |
| 3 | United States | 6,324 | 2017 | — | falling |
| 4 | Australia | 4,064 | 2017 | up 36.7% | rising |
| 5 | Azerbaijan | 3,671 | 2018 | up 518.8% | volatile |
| 6 | Bahrain | 3,601 | 2017 | — | falling |
| 7 | Bulgaria | 3,348 | 2017 | up 13.2% | rising |
| 8 | Cyprus | 2,996 | 2017 | up 162.6% | volatile |
| 9 | Chile | 2,991 | 2017 | down 36.5% | falling |
| 10 | El Salvador | 2,950 | 2018 | down 10.8% | falling |
| 11 | Serbia | 2,786 | 2018 | up 6.2% | falling |
| 12 | Israel | 2,754 | 2017 | down 17.1% | falling |
| 13 | Portugal | 2,601 | 2017 | up 23.6% | rising |
| 14 | Spain | 2,542 | 2017 | up 151.5% | rising |
| 15 | Tajikistan | 2,528 | 2009 | up 0.1% | flat |
| 16 | Canada | 2,266 | 2017 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 17 | Paraguay | 2,181 | 2010 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 18 | Latvia | 2,161 | 2017 | up 0.5% | rising |
| 19 | Nepal | 2,134 | 2015 | up 33.8% | rising |
| 20 | Benin | 2,121 | 2013 | up 26.5% | rising |
| 21 | Peru | 2,105 | 2017 | up 12.4% | rising |
| 22 | Colombia | 1,840 | 2017 | down 43.3% | falling |
| 23 | Mexico | 1,769 | 2017 | down 33.1% | falling |
| 24 | Slovakia | 1,669 | 2016 | up 79.2% | rising |
| 25 | Vietnam | 1,648 | 2013 | — | rising |
| 26 | Indonesia | 1,641 | 2015 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 27 | Ukraine | 1,593 | 2017 | down 28.8% | volatile |
| 28 | Kazakhstan | 1,466 | 2018 | up 9.2% | rising |
| 29 | United Kingdom | 1,343 | 2015 | down 19.1% | volatile |
| 30 | Cote d'Ivoire | 1,263 | 2015 | down 33.2% | falling |
| 31 | Malawi | 1,209 | 2007 | down 20.3% | falling |
| 32 | Czechia | 1,193 | 2017 | up 51.0% | rising |
| 33 | Guyana | 1,073 | 2012 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 34 | Italy | 1,069 | 2017 | down 49.5% | falling |
| 35 | Croatia | 1,000 | 2017 | down 55.9% | falling |
| 36 | Cameroon | 994.76 | 2012 | down 2.2% | flat |
| 37 | Lithuania | 991.5 | 2017 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 38 | Morocco | 926.1 | 2010 | unchanged | flat |
| 39 | Denmark | 895.89 | 2008 | up 70.3% | rising |
| 40 | Togo | 888.44 | 2015 | up 52.5% | rising |
| 41 | Burkina Faso | 730.61 | 2006 | up 0.5% | falling |
| 43 | Estonia | 559.98 | 2011 | — | falling |
| 44 | Honduras | 542.79 | 2018 | up 25.4% | rising |
| 45 | Poland | 532.58 | 2017 | down 65.1% | falling |
| 46 | Belgium | 489.57 | 2017 | down 34.2% | falling |
| 47 | Belarus | 484.93 | 2017 | — | falling |
| 48 | Argentina | 450.47 | 2017 | up 13.5% | falling |
| 50 | Mongolia | 203.33 | 2015 | — | volatile |
| 51 | Romania | 58.29 | 2011 | down 86.2% | volatile |
| 52 | Cuba | 0 | 2010 | — | flat |
| 52 | Monaco | 0 | 2019 | — | flat |
About this data
Total payments of households (pupils, students and their families) for educational institutions (such as for tuition fees, exam and registration fees, contribution to Parent-Teacher associations or other school funds, and fees for canteen, boarding and transport) and purchases outside of educational institutions (such as for uniforms, textbooks, teaching materials, or private classes). 'Initial funding' means that government transfers to households, such as scholarships and other financial aid for education, are subtracted from what is spent by households. Note that in some countries for some education levels, the value of this indicator may be 0, since on average households may be receiving as much, or more, in financial aid from the government than what they are spending on education. Calculation: Total payments of households (pupils, students and their families) for educational institutions (such as for tuition fees, exam and registration fees, contribution to Parent-Teacher associations or other school funds, and fees for canteen, boarding and transport), plus purchases outside of educational institutions (such as for uniforms, textbooks, teaching materials, or private classes), minus government education transfers to households (such as scholarships or other education-specific financial aid). Limitations: Indicators for household expenditure on education should be interpreted with caution since data comes from household surveys which may not all follow the same definitions and concepts. These types of surveys are also not carried out in all countries with regularity, and for some categories (such as pupils in pre-primary education), the sample sizes may be low. In some cases where data on government transfers to households (scholarships and other financial aid) was not available, they could not be subtracted from amounts paid by households. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute of Statistics website: http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/