Free and Fair Elections Index in Estonia
Estonia: Free and Fair Elections Index was 0.952 in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2025)
0.952
Change on year
down 0.9%
World rank
11th
of 176 countries
All-time high
0.974
in 2017
All-time low
0
in 1789
Years of data
237
1789–2025
Free and Fair Elections Index in Estonia, 1789–2025
Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
Analysis
The most recent figure for free and fair elections index in Estonia is 0.952, measured in 2025.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 0.9% on the previous year and down 1.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, free and fair elections index in Estonia peaked at 0.974 in 2017 and was at its lowest, 0, in 1789.
Estonia ranks 11th of 176 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Free and Fair Elections Index in Estonia, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1789 | 0 | — |
| 1790 | 0 | — |
| 1791 | 0 | — |
| 1792 | 0 | — |
| 1793 | 0 | — |
| 1794 | 0 | — |
| 1795 | 0 | — |
| 1796 | 0 | — |
| 1797 | 0 | — |
| 1798 | 0 | — |
| 1799 | 0 | — |
| 1800 | 0 | — |
| 1801 | 0 | — |
| 1802 | 0 | — |
| 1803 | 0 | — |
| 1804 | 0 | — |
| 1805 | 0 | — |
| 1806 | 0 | — |
| 1807 | 0 | — |
| 1808 | 0 | — |
| 1809 | 0 | — |
| 1810 | 0 | — |
| 1811 | 0 | — |
| 1812 | 0 | — |
| 1813 | 0 | — |
| 1814 | 0 | — |
| 1815 | 0 | — |
| 1816 | 0 | — |
| 1817 | 0 | — |
| 1818 | 0 | — |
| 1819 | 0 | — |
| 1820 | 0 | — |
| 1821 | 0 | — |
| 1822 | 0 | — |
| 1823 | 0 | — |
| 1824 | 0 | — |
| 1825 | 0 | — |
| 1826 | 0 | — |
| 1827 | 0 | — |
| 1828 | 0 | — |
| 1829 | 0 | — |
| 1830 | 0 | — |
| 1831 | 0 | — |
| 1832 | 0 | — |
| 1833 | 0 | — |
| 1834 | 0 | — |
| 1835 | 0 | — |
| 1836 | 0 | — |
| 1837 | 0 | — |
| 1838 | 0 | — |
| 1839 | 0 | — |
| 1840 | 0 | — |
| 1841 | 0 | — |
| 1842 | 0 | — |
| 1843 | 0 | — |
| 1844 | 0 | — |
| 1845 | 0 | — |
| 1846 | 0 | — |
| 1847 | 0 | — |
| 1848 | 0 | — |
| 1849 | 0 | — |
| 1850 | 0 | — |
| 1851 | 0 | — |
| 1852 | 0 | — |
| 1853 | 0 | — |
| 1854 | 0 | — |
| 1855 | 0 | — |
| 1856 | 0 | — |
| 1857 | 0 | — |
| 1858 | 0 | — |
| 1859 | 0 | — |
| 1860 | 0 | — |
| 1861 | 0 | — |
| 1862 | 0 | — |
| 1863 | 0 | — |
| 1864 | 0 | — |
| 1865 | 0 | — |
| 1866 | 0 | — |
| 1867 | 0 | — |
| 1868 | 0 | — |
| 1869 | 0 | — |
| 1870 | 0 | — |
| 1871 | 0 | — |
| 1872 | 0 | — |
| 1873 | 0 | — |
| 1874 | 0 | — |
| 1875 | 0 | — |
| 1876 | 0 | — |
| 1877 | 0 | — |
| 1878 | 0 | — |
| 1879 | 0 | — |
| 1880 | 0 | — |
| 1881 | 0 | — |
| 1882 | 0 | — |
| 1883 | 0 | — |
| 1884 | 0 | — |
| 1885 | 0 | — |
| 1886 | 0 | — |
| 1887 | 0 | — |
| 1888 | 0 | — |
| 1889 | 0 | — |
| 1890 | 0 | — |
| 1891 | 0 | — |
| 1892 | 0 | — |
| 1893 | 0 | — |
| 1894 | 0 | — |
| 1895 | 0 | — |
| 1896 | 0 | — |
| 1897 | 0 | — |
| 1898 | 0 | — |
| 1899 | 0 | — |
| 1900 | 0 | — |
| 1901 | 0 | — |
| 1902 | 0 | — |
| 1903 | 0 | — |
| 1904 | 0 | — |
| 1905 | 0 | — |
| 1906 | 0 | — |
| 1907 | 0 | — |
| 1908 | 0 | — |
| 1909 | 0 | — |
| 1910 | 0 | — |
| 1911 | 0 | — |
| 1912 | 0 | — |
| 1913 | 0 | — |
| 1914 | 0 | — |
| 1915 | 0 | — |
| 1916 | 0 | — |
| 1917 | 0.048 | — |
| 1918 | 0 | -100.0% |
| 1919 | 0.533 | — |
| 1920 | 0.703 | +31.9% |
| 1921 | 0.699 | -0.6% |
| 1922 | 0.699 | +0.0% |
| 1923 | 0.699 | +0.0% |
| 1924 | 0.699 | +0.0% |
| 1925 | 0.699 | +0.0% |
| 1926 | 0.734 | +5.0% |
| 1927 | 0.754 | +2.7% |
| 1928 | 0.754 | +0.0% |
| 1929 | 0.75 | -0.5% |
| 1930 | 0.748 | -0.3% |
| 1931 | 0.748 | +0.0% |
| 1932 | 0.754 | +0.8% |
| 1933 | 0.757 | +0.4% |
| 1934 | 0.541 | -28.5% |
| 1935 | 0 | -100.0% |
| 1936 | 0.026 | — |
| 1937 | 0 | -100.0% |
| 1938 | 0.439 | — |
| 1939 | 0.515 | +17.3% |
| 1940 | 0.227 | -55.9% |
| 1941 | 0.201 | -11.5% |
| 1942 | 0.201 | +0.0% |
| 1943 | 0.201 | +0.0% |
| 1944 | 0.201 | +0.0% |
| 1945 | 0.201 | +0.0% |
| 1946 | 0.249 | +23.9% |
| 1947 | 0.251 | +0.8% |
| 1948 | 0.251 | +0.0% |
| 1949 | 0.251 | +0.0% |
| 1950 | 0.272 | +8.4% |
| 1951 | 0.274 | +0.7% |
| 1952 | 0.274 | +0.0% |
| 1953 | 0.274 | +0.0% |
| 1954 | 0.27 | -1.5% |
| 1955 | 0.27 | +0.0% |
| 1956 | 0.27 | +0.0% |
| 1957 | 0.27 | +0.0% |
| 1958 | 0.272 | +0.7% |
| 1959 | 0.273 | +0.4% |
| 1960 | 0.273 | +0.0% |
| 1961 | 0.273 | +0.0% |
| 1962 | 0.189 | -30.8% |
| 1963 | 0.167 | -11.6% |
| 1964 | 0.167 | +0.0% |
| 1965 | 0.167 | +0.0% |
| 1966 | 0.166 | -0.6% |
| 1967 | 0.166 | +0.0% |
| 1968 | 0.166 | +0.0% |
| 1969 | 0.166 | +0.0% |
| 1970 | 0.239 | +44.0% |
| 1971 | 0.299 | +25.1% |
| 1972 | 0.299 | +0.0% |
| 1973 | 0.299 | +0.0% |
| 1974 | 0.294 | -1.7% |
| 1975 | 0.289 | -1.7% |
| 1976 | 0.289 | +0.0% |
| 1977 | 0.289 | +0.0% |
| 1978 | 0.289 | +0.0% |
| 1979 | 0.292 | +1.0% |
| 1980 | 0.292 | +0.0% |
| 1981 | 0.292 | +0.0% |
| 1982 | 0.292 | +0.0% |
| 1983 | 0.292 | +0.0% |
| 1984 | 0.286 | -2.1% |
| 1985 | 0.284 | -0.7% |
| 1986 | 0.284 | +0.0% |
| 1987 | 0.284 | +0.0% |
| 1988 | 0.277 | -2.5% |
| 1989 | 0.416 | +50.2% |
| 1990 | 0.707 | +70.0% |
| 1991 | 0.565 | -20.1% |
| 1992 | 0.267 | -52.7% |
| 1993 | 0.948 | +255.1% |
| 1994 | 0.948 | +0.0% |
| 1995 | 0.95 | +0.2% |
| 1996 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 1997 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 1998 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 1999 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 2000 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 2001 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 2002 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 2003 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 2004 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 2005 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 2006 | 0.95 | +0.0% |
| 2007 | 0.951 | +0.1% |
| 2008 | 0.951 | +0.0% |
| 2009 | 0.951 | +0.0% |
| 2010 | 0.955 | +0.4% |
| 2011 | 0.959 | +0.4% |
| 2012 | 0.96 | +0.1% |
| 2013 | 0.955 | -0.5% |
| 2014 | 0.955 | +0.0% |
| 2015 | 0.966 | +1.2% |
| 2016 | 0.972 | +0.6% |
| 2017 | 0.974 | +0.2% |
| 2018 | 0.974 | +0.0% |
| 2019 | 0.967 | -0.7% |
| 2020 | 0.962 | -0.5% |
| 2021 | 0.962 | +0.0% |
| 2022 | 0.962 | +0.0% |
| 2023 | 0.961 | -0.1% |
| 2024 | 0.961 | +0.0% |
| 2025 | 0.952 | -0.9% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 0.952 is above the median for high income countries, which is 0.929, 1.0× the median. (55 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 0.952 is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.8955, 1.1× the median. (48 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1780s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1790s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1800s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1810s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1820s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1830s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1840s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1850s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1860s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1870s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1880s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1890s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1900s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1910s | 0.0581 | 0 | 0.533 | 10 |
| 1920s | 0.719 | 0.699 | 0.754 | 10 |
| 1930s | 0.4528 | 0 | 0.757 | 10 |
| 1940s | 0.2234 | 0.201 | 0.251 | 10 |
| 1950s | 0.2719 | 0.27 | 0.274 | 10 |
| 1960s | 0.19 | 0.166 | 0.273 | 10 |
| 1970s | 0.2878 | 0.239 | 0.299 | 10 |
| 1980s | 0.2999 | 0.277 | 0.416 | 10 |
| 1990s | 0.8185 | 0.267 | 0.95 | 10 |
| 2000s | 0.9503 | 0.95 | 0.951 | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.9637 | 0.955 | 0.974 | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.96 | 0.952 | 0.962 | 6 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More reference data data for Estonia
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.0827 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 0.0328 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 0.2652 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.0363 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 0.2652 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.2774 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure Management 0.193 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 0.1743 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 1.31 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.1975 (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is free and fair elections index in Estonia?
- Free and fair elections index in Estonia was 0.952 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest free and fair elections index recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 0.974 in 2017.
- What is the lowest free and fair elections index recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 0 in 1789.
- How does Estonia rank for free and fair elections index?
- Estonia ranks 11th out of 176 countries with data for 2025.
- Is free and fair elections index rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 1.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Free and Fair Elections Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 237 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Central estimate of the extent to which registration fraud, systematic irregularities, government intimidation of the opposition, vote buying, and election violence are absent, and the election management body is autonomous and has enough staff and resources.