Russian Federation vs Spain: R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D
R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D over time
- Russian Federation
- Spain
How they compare
Russian Federation currently reports 682,464 Persons against 431,848 Persons in Spain, a difference of 250,616 Persons.
That makes Russian Federation's figure about 1.6 times Spain's.
Across all 28 years both countries report, Russian Federation has been ahead every year.
Russian Federation ranks 2nd and Spain ranks 4th of 25 countries.
Russian Federation has averaged higher in every one of the 4 decades both report.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Russian Federation | Spain | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 2.22 million Persons | 99,819 Persons | 2.12 million Persons | Russian Federation |
| 1990s | 1.31 million Persons | 135,059 Persons | 1.17 million Persons | Russian Federation |
| 2000s | 819,927 Persons | 288,249 Persons | 531,678 Persons | Russian Federation |
| 2010s | 719,246 Persons | 350,452 Persons | 368,794 Persons | Russian Federation |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d, Russian Federation or Spain?
- Russian Federation, at 682,464 Persons against 431,848 Persons in Spain as of 2019.
- What is the difference in r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d between Russian Federation and Spain?
- 250,616 Persons, with Russian Federation ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Russian Federation and Spain?
- 28 years are reported by both, from 1989 to 2019.
- How do Russian Federation and Spain rank globally for r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d?
- Russian Federation ranks 2nd and Spain ranks 4th of 25 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
This table presents research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in headcounts;D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by formal qualification (university and other diplomas by ISCED classification).