China (People's Republic of) vs Spain: R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D

China (People's Republic of)
10.23 million Persons
in 2023
Spain
431,848 Persons
in 2023
China (People's Republic of) rank
1st
Spain rank
4th

R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D over time

  • China (People's Republic of)
  • Spain
02.5M5.0M7.5M10.0M198820052023

How they compare

China (People's Republic of) currently reports 10.23 million Persons against 431,848 Persons in Spain, a difference of 9.79 million Persons.

That makes China (People's Republic of)'s figure about 23.7 times Spain's.

Across all 15 years both countries report, China (People's Republic of) has been ahead every year.

China (People's Republic of) ranks 1st and Spain ranks 4th of 9 groups.

China (People's Republic of) has averaged higher in every one of the 3 decades both report.

Head to head by decade

Decade China (People's Republic of) Spain Difference Ahead
2000s 3.18 million Persons 358,803 Persons 2.82 million Persons China (People's Republic of)
2010s 5.38 million Persons 350,452 Persons 5.03 million Persons China (People's Republic of)
2020s 8.94 million Persons 407,114 Persons 8.53 million Persons China (People's Republic of)

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d, China (People's Republic of) or Spain?
China (People's Republic of), at 10.23 million Persons against 431,848 Persons in Spain as of 2023.
What is the difference in r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d between China (People's Republic of) and Spain?
9.79 million Persons, with China (People's Republic of) ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for China (People's Republic of) and Spain?
15 years are reported by both, from 2009 to 2023.
How do China (People's Republic of) and Spain rank globally for r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d?
China (People's Republic of) ranks 1st and Spain ranks 4th of 9 groups.
Where does this data come from?
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

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China (People's Republic of) vs Spain: R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D. Statizoid, drawing on Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved 15 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/compare/r-and-d-personnel-by-sector-of-performance-and-formal-qualification-r-and-d-personnel/china-people-s-republic-of/spain/

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About this data

Indicator
R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D Personnel (total economy)
Unit
Persons
Source
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Licence
OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage
34 places, 789 data points, 1981–2024
Last refreshed

This table presents research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in headcounts;D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by formal qualification (university and other diplomas by ISCED classification).