How many years of comparable data are there for Finland and Spain?

6 years are reported by both, from 2000 to 2018.

Where does this data come from?

UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as Proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at least a minimum proficiency level in mathematics, adjusted location parity index (LPIA). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

Finland vs Spain: Proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at

Finland

0.9826 LPIA

in 2018

Spain

0.9598 LPIA

in 2018

Finland rank

6th

Spain rank

8th

Proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at over time

Finland
Spain

How they compare

Finland currently reports 0.9826 LPIA against 0.9598 LPIA in Spain, a difference of 0.0228 LPIA.

The two have swapped places 2 times across 6 shared years of data; in 2000 it was Finland ahead.

Finland ranks 6th and Spain ranks 8th of 39 countries.

Finland has averaged higher in every one of the 2 decades both report.

Head to head by decade

Decade	Finland	Spain	Difference	Ahead
2000s	1 LPIA	0.9592 LPIA	0.0453 LPIA	Finland
2010s	0.9876 LPIA	0.9385 LPIA	0.0491 LPIA	Finland

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at, Finland or Spain?: Finland, at 0.9826 LPIA against 0.9598 LPIA in Spain as of 2018.
What is the difference in proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at between Finland and Spain?: 0.0228 LPIA, with Finland ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for Finland and Spain?: 6 years are reported by both, from 2000 to 2018.
How do Finland and Spain rank globally for proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at?: Finland ranks 6th and Spain ranks 8th of 39 countries.
Where does this data come from?: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as Proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at least a minimum proficiency level in mathematics, adjusted location parity index (LPIA). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

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Finland vs Spain: Proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 31 August 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/compare/proportion-of-students-at-the-end-of-lower-secondary-achieving-at-least-a-minimum-2/finland/spain/

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<a href="https://reference.statizoid.com/compare/proportion-of-students-at-the-end-of-lower-secondary-achieving-at-least-a-minimum-2/finland/spain/">Finland vs Spain: Proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at</a> — Statizoid

About this data

Indicator: Proportion of students at the end of lower secondary achieving at least a minimum proficiency level in mathematics, adjusted location parity index (LPIA)
Unit: LPIA
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage: 39 places, 219 data points, 1995–2018
Last refreshed: 21 August 2026

The Adjusted Location Parity Index (LPIA) is calculated by dividing the rural value for the indicator by the urban value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted location parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted LPI equal to 1 indicates parity between rural and urban locations. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of urban locations and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of rural locations. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/