Lower middle income vs Tonga: Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity

Lower middle income
1.06 GPIA
in 2019
Tonga
1.4 GPIA
in 2003
Lower middle income rank
27th
Tonga rank
25th

Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity over time

  • Lower middle income
  • Tonga
00.511.5197019942019

How they compare

Tonga currently reports 1.4 GPIA against 1.06 GPIA in Lower middle income, a difference of 0.34 GPIA.

That makes Tonga's figure about 1.3 times Lower middle income's.

The two have swapped places 1 time across 9 shared years of data; in 1970 it was Lower middle income ahead.

Lower middle income ranks 27th and Tonga ranks 25th of 41 groups.

Across the 4 decades both report, Lower middle income averaged higher in 1 and Tonga in 3.

Head to head by decade

Decade Lower middle income Tonga Difference Ahead
1970s 0.6319 GPIA 0.5221 GPIA 0.1098 GPIA Lower middle income
1980s 0.6595 GPIA 1.13 GPIA 0.4712 GPIA Tonga
1990s 0.7897 GPIA 1.26 GPIA 0.4687 GPIA Tonga
2000s 0.8251 GPIA 1.4 GPIA 0.5762 GPIA Tonga

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity, Lower middle income or Tonga?
Tonga, at 1.4 GPIA against 1.06 GPIA in Lower middle income as of 2003.
What is the difference in gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity between Lower middle income and Tonga?
0.34 GPIA, with Tonga ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for Lower middle income and Tonga?
9 years are reported by both, from 1970 to 2003.
How do Lower middle income and Tonga rank globally for gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity?
Lower middle income ranks 27th and Tonga ranks 25th of 41 groups.
Where does this data come from?
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

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Lower middle income vs Tonga: Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 31 August 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/compare/gross-enrolment-ratio-for-tertiary-education-adjusted-gender-parity-index-gpia/lower-middle-income/tonga/

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About this data

Indicator
Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA)
Unit
GPIA
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
224 places, 7,092 data points, 1970–2020
Last refreshed

The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/