Germany vs Türkiye: Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and source
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and source over time
- Germany
- Türkiye
How they compare
Germany currently reports 159,537 US dollars, PPP converted against 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in Türkiye, a difference of 113,974 US dollars, PPP converted.
That makes Germany's figure about 3.5 times Türkiye's.
Across all 35 years both countries report, Germany has been ahead every year.
Germany ranks 2nd and Türkiye ranks 5th of 34 countries.
Germany has averaged higher in every one of the 4 decades both report.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Germany | Türkiye | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 80,031 US dollars, PPP converted | 2,726 US dollars, PPP converted | 77,305 US dollars, PPP converted | Germany |
| 2000s | 102,236 US dollars, PPP converted | 6,941 US dollars, PPP converted | 95,295 US dollars, PPP converted | Germany |
| 2010s | 136,629 US dollars, PPP converted | 20,070 US dollars, PPP converted | 116,559 US dollars, PPP converted | Germany |
| 2020s | 156,723 US dollars, PPP converted | 38,959 US dollars, PPP converted | 117,764 US dollars, PPP converted | Germany |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and source, Germany or Türkiye?
- Germany, at 159,537 US dollars, PPP converted against 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in Türkiye as of 2024.
- What is the difference in gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and source between Germany and Türkiye?
- 113,974 US dollars, PPP converted, with Germany ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Germany and Türkiye?
- 35 years are reported by both, from 1990 to 2024.
- How do Germany and Türkiye rank globally for gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and source?
- Germany ranks 2nd and Türkiye ranks 5th of 34 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and source of funds — Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
This table contains gross research and development (R&D) expenditure statistics broken down by sector of performance (business enterprise, government, higher education, private non-profit, and total intramural) and by source of funds (business enterprise, government - including public general university funds -, higher education, private non-profit and funds from the rest of the World - including funds from enterprises and other funds from the rest of the World).