Wittgenstein Projection: Mean years of schooling. Age 40-64. Total by country
Mean number of years spent in school by age group and gender. Projections are based on collected census and survey data for the base year (around 2010) and the Medium Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2) projection model. The SSP2 is a middle-of-the-road scenario that combines medium fertility with medium...
What the numbers show
Wittgenstein Projection: Mean years of schooling. Age 40-64. Total is currently reported for 164 countries. The highest value is 16.7 in Iceland; the lowest is 8.6 in Madagascar.
The median across all reporting countries is 13.45, and the mean is 13.35.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Wittgenstein Projection: Mean years of schooling. Age 40-64. Total: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iceland | 16.7 | 2100 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 2 | Ireland | 16.4 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 3 | Hong Kong | 16.3 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 4 | Australia | 15.9 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 4 | Malta | 15.9 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 4 | Norway | 15.9 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 7 | Germany | 15.8 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 7 | Malaysia | 15.8 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 7 | New Zealand | 15.8 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 10 | Tunisia | 15.7 | 2100 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 11 | Switzerland | 15.5 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 11 | Japan | 15.5 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 11 | South Korea | 15.5 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 11 | Luxembourg | 15.5 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 15 | Canada | 15.4 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 15 | United Kingdom | 15.4 | 2100 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 17 | Saudi Arabia | 15.3 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 18 | Belgium | 15.2 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 18 | Cyprus | 15.2 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 18 | Georgia | 15.2 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 18 | Lithuania | 15.2 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | France | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | Macao | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | Puerto Rico | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | Sweden | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 26 | Slovenia | 15 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 27 | Austria | 14.9 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 27 | Italy | 14.9 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 27 | Palestine | 14.9 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 30 | Greece | 14.8 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 30 | Jordan | 14.8 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 30 | Lebanon | 14.8 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 30 | New Caledonia | 14.8 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 34 | Czechia | 14.7 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 34 | Ecuador | 14.7 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 34 | Spain | 14.7 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 34 | Latvia | 14.7 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 38 | Estonia | 14.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 38 | Finland | 14.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | flat |
| 38 | Iraq | 14.6 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 38 | Netherlands | 14.6 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 38 | Slovakia | 14.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 38 | United States | 14.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 44 | Denmark | 14.5 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 45 | Iran | 14.4 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 45 | Nigeria | 14.4 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 45 | Panama | 14.4 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 45 | Thailand | 14.4 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 49 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 14.3 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 49 | Chile | 14.3 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 49 | North Macedonia | 14.3 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 49 | Zimbabwe | 14.3 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 53 | Bulgaria | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 53 | Egypt | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 53 | Poland | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 53 | French Polynesia | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 57 | Dominican Republic | 14.1 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 57 | Algeria | 14.1 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 59 | Bahrain | 14 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 59 | Haiti | 14 | 2100 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 59 | Mexico | 14 | 2100 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 59 | Eswatini | 14 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 63 | Argentina | 13.9 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 63 | Bolivia | 13.9 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 63 | Portugal | 13.9 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 66 | Saint Lucia | 13.8 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 66 | El Salvador | 13.8 | 2100 | up 3.0% | rising |
| 66 | Samoa | 13.8 | 2100 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 69 | Bhutan | 13.7 | 2100 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 69 | Cuba | 13.7 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 69 | Croatia | 13.7 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 69 | Hungary | 13.7 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 69 | Indonesia | 13.7 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 74 | Aruba | 13.6 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 74 | Israel | 13.6 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 74 | Montenegro | 13.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 74 | Peru | 13.6 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 74 | Serbia | 13.6 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 79 | Paraguay | 13.5 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 79 | East Timor | 13.5 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 79 | Tonga | 13.5 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 79 | Turkey | 13.5 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 83 | United Arab Emirates | 13.4 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 83 | Colombia | 13.4 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 83 | Comoros | 13.4 | 2100 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 83 | Kazakhstan | 13.4 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 83 | Kuwait | 13.4 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 83 | Morocco | 13.4 | 2100 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 89 | Romania | 13.3 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 89 | Suriname | 13.3 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 91 | Kenya | 13.2 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 91 | Namibia | 13.2 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 91 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 13.2 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 91 | Venezuela | 13.2 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 95 | Equatorial Guinea | 13.1 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 95 | Qatar | 13.1 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 97 | Albania | 13 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 97 | Belarus | 13 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 97 | Cote d'Ivoire | 13 | 2100 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 97 | Cameroon | 13 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 97 | India | 13 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 97 | Nepal | 13 | 2100 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 97 | Syria | 13 | 2100 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 104 | Congo | 12.9 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 104 | Uruguay | 12.9 | 2100 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 106 | Philippines | 12.8 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 106 | Russia | 12.8 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 106 | Singapore | 12.8 | 2100 | unchanged | flat |
| 106 | Ukraine | 12.8 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 110 | China | 12.7 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 110 | Costa Rica | 12.7 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 110 | Maldives | 12.7 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 110 | Mauritius | 12.7 | 2100 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 110 | Trinidad and Tobago | 12.7 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 115 | Bahamas | 12.6 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 115 | Ghana | 12.6 | 2100 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 115 | Jamaica | 12.6 | 2100 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 119 | Brazil | 12.5 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 119 | Lesotho | 12.5 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 121 | Moldova | 12.4 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 122 | Belize | 12.3 | 2100 | up 5.1% | rising |
| 122 | Kyrgyzstan | 12.3 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 122 | Nicaragua | 12.3 | 2100 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 122 | Tajikistan | 12.3 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 122 | Vanuatu | 12.3 | 2100 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 127 | Azerbaijan | 12.2 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 127 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 12.2 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 127 | Myanmar | 12.2 | 2100 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 127 | Mongolia | 12.2 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 127 | Zambia | 12.2 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 132 | Bangladesh | 12.1 | 2100 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 132 | Gabon | 12.1 | 2100 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 132 | Gambia | 12.1 | 2100 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 132 | Guyana | 12.1 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 132 | Pakistan | 12.1 | 2100 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 137 | Uganda | 12 | 2100 | up 6.2% | rising |
| 137 | Vietnam | 12 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 139 | Sudan | 11.9 | 2100 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 140 | Armenia | 11.8 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 142 | Guinea | 11.7 | 2100 | up 7.3% | rising |
| 142 | Malawi | 11.7 | 2100 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 144 | Somalia | 11.6 | 2100 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 145 | Honduras | 11.5 | 2100 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 146 | Senegal | 11.4 | 2100 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 147 | Guatemala | 11.3 | 2100 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 147 | Turkmenistan | 11.3 | 2100 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 149 | Ethiopia | 11.2 | 2100 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 149 | Tanzania | 11.2 | 2100 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 151 | Cape Verde | 11 | 2100 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 151 | Cambodia | 11 | 2100 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 153 | Benin | 10.9 | 2100 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 153 | Sierra Leone | 10.9 | 2100 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 155 | Burundi | 10.7 | 2100 | up 8.1% | rising |
| 155 | Guinea-Bissau | 10.7 | 2100 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 155 | Rwanda | 10.7 | 2100 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 158 | Burkina Faso | 10.6 | 2100 | up 11.6% | volatile |
| 158 | Mozambique | 10.6 | 2100 | up 8.2% | volatile |
| 160 | Laos | 10.5 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 161 | Chad | 10 | 2100 | up 13.6% | volatile |
| 162 | Liberia | 9.9 | 2100 | up 10.0% | volatile |
| 163 | Mali | 9.7 | 2100 | up 12.8% | volatile |
| 163 | Sao Tome and Principe | 9.7 | 2100 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 165 | Niger | 9.5 | 2100 | up 13.1% | volatile |
| 166 | Madagascar | 8.6 | 2100 | up 8.9% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 13.1
- South Africa 12.6
- Central African Republic 11.8
About this data
Mean number of years spent in school by age group and gender. Projections are based on collected census and survey data for the base year (around 2010) and the Medium Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2) projection model. The SSP2 is a middle-of-the-road scenario that combines medium fertility with medium mortality, medium migration, and the Global Education Trend (GET) education scenario. For more information and other projection models, consult the Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital's website: http://www.oeaw.ac.at/vid/dataexplorer/