Public sector wage premium, by education level: Tertiary education in Panama

Panama: Public sector wage premium, by education level: Tertiary education was 0.2835 compared to formal wage employees in 2021. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2021)
0.2835 compared to formal wage employees
Change on year
up 24.2%
World rank
8th
of 54 countries
All-time high
0.2835 compared to formal wage employees
in 2021
All-time low
-0.1844 compared to formal wage employees
in 2015
Years of data
18
2001–2021

Public sector wage premium, by education level: Tertiary education in Panama, 2001–2021

-0.2-0.100.10.20.32001201120212001: -0.024 compared to formal wage employees2002: 0.03 compared to formal wage employees2003: -0.008 compared to formal wage employees2004: 0.036 compared to formal wage employees2005: 0.111 compared to formal wage employees2006: -0.051 compared to formal wage employees2007: -0.011 compared to formal wage employees2008: -0.046 compared to formal wage employees2009: -0.036 compared to formal wage employees2010: -0.042 compared to formal wage employees2011: 0.072 compared to formal wage employees2012: -0.078 compared to formal wage employees2015: -0.184 compared to formal wage employees2016: -0.085 compared to formal wage employees2017: -0.092 compared to formal wage employees2018: -0.084 compared to formal wage employees2019: 0.228 compared to formal wage employees2021: 0.284 compared to formal wage employees

Source: World Bank. Measured in compared to formal wage employees.

Analysis

In 2021, public sector wage premium, by education level: tertiary education in Panama stood at 0.2835 compared to formal wage employees. That is the highest value across all 18 years on record.

That represents a change of up 24.2% on the previous year and up 293.4% over ten years.

Over the whole period, public sector wage premium, by education level: tertiary education in Panama peaked at 0.2835 compared to formal wage employees in 2021 and was at its lowest, -0.1844 compared to formal wage employees, in 2015.

Panama ranks 8th of 54 countries on this measure, in the top quarter.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
2000s 0.0001 compared to formal wage employees -0.0513 compared to formal wage employees 0.1106 compared to formal wage employees 9
2010s -0.0331 compared to formal wage employees -0.1844 compared to formal wage employees 0.2283 compared to formal wage employees 8
2020s 0.2835 compared to formal wage employees 0.2835 compared to formal wage employees 0.2835 compared to formal wage employees 1

Countries ranked near Panama

  1. 5 Zambia 0.3586 compared to formal wage employees compare
  2. 6 Costa Rica 0.3075 compared to formal wage employees compare
  3. 7 Brazil 0.284 compared to formal wage employees compare
  4. 9 Türkiye 0.2696 compared to formal wage employees compare
  5. 10 Spain 0.2474 compared to formal wage employees compare
  6. 11 Portugal 0.2374 compared to formal wage employees compare

See the full ranking of 54 places →

More reference data data for Panama

All data for Panama →

Frequently asked questions

What is public sector wage premium, by education level: tertiary education in Panama?
Public sector wage premium, by education level: tertiary education in Panama was 0.2835 compared to formal wage employees in 2021, according to the World Bank.
What is the highest public sector wage premium, by education level: tertiary education recorded in Panama?
The highest recorded value was 0.2835 compared to formal wage employees in 2021.
What is the lowest public sector wage premium, by education level: tertiary education recorded in Panama?
The lowest recorded value was -0.1844 compared to formal wage employees in 2015.
How does Panama rank for public sector wage premium, by education level: tertiary education?
Panama ranks 8th out of 54 countries with data for 2021.
Is public sector wage premium, by education level: tertiary education rising or falling in Panama?
Over the last ten years it is up 293.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Panama data come from?
The figures come from the World Bank, published as part of Public sector wage premium, by education level: Tertiary education (compared to formal wage employees). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Public sector wage premium, by education level: Tertiary education in Panama. Statizoid. Retrieved 19 August 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/public-sector-wage-premium-by-education-level-tertiary-education-compared-to-formal-wage/panama/

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About this data

Indicator
Public sector wage premium, by education level: Tertiary education (compared to formal wage employees)
Unit
compared to formal wage employees
Source
World Bank
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
54 places, 657 data points, 2000–2021
Last refreshed