Proportion of population pushed into poverty (based on the societal poverty line) due to out-of-pocket health expenditure (%) by country
Proportion of population living in households with positive discretionary budgets that spend all their discretionary budget on out-of-pocket health expenditure. The household discretionary budget is defined as the total household budget, measured by consumption expenditure or income, minus the societal poverty...
What the numbers show
Proportion of population pushed into poverty (based on the societal poverty line) due to out-of-pocket health expenditure (%) is currently reported for 70 countries. The highest value is 8.9% in Tunisia; the lowest is 0.1% in Zambia.
The median across all reporting countries is 1.6%, and the mean is 2.1%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 127.
Over the past decade 39 countries rose and 31 fell. The largest increase was in Mongolia (up 475.0%), and the largest decrease in Zambia (down 88.5%).
Proportion of population pushed into poverty (based on the societal po: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tunisia | 8.9% | 2021 | up 228.0% | volatile |
| 2 | Egypt, Arab Republic of | 6.1% | 2019 | up 127.9% | rising |
| 3 | Nicaragua | 6.0% | 2014 | up 96.7% | volatile |
| 4 | India | 5.6% | 2011 | up 24.2% | rising |
| 5 | Armenia, Republic of | 4.6% | 2020 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 6 | Benin | 4.4% | 2021 | up 105.6% | rising |
| 7 | Georgia | 4.3% | 2011 | up 67.6% | rising |
| 8 | Tajikistan, Republic of | 3.8% | 2018 | up 110.4% | rising |
| 9 | Peru | 3.7% | 2022 | up 103.3% | rising |
| 10 | Cameroon | 3.5% | 2022 | up 90.3% | falling |
| 11 | Burkina Faso | 3.2% | 2021 | up 218.6% | rising |
| 12 | Mongolia | 3.2% | 2023 | up 475.0% | volatile |
| 13 | Nigeria | 3.2% | 2022 | down 26.7% | falling |
| 14 | Cambodia | 3.2% | 2023 | up 1.6% | falling |
| 15 | Latvia, Republic of | 3.1% | 2019 | up 84.0% | rising |
| 16 | Pakistan | 3.0% | 2018 | down 0.7% | falling |
| 17 | Togo | 3.0% | 2021 | up 82.2% | rising |
| 18 | Uganda | 2.7% | 2019 | down 22.0% | rising |
| 19 | Belarus, Republic of | 2.6% | 2020 | up 173.4% | flat |
| 20 | Nepal | 2.5% | 2022 | down 10.7% | falling |
| 21 | Côte d'Ivoire | 2.4% | 2021 | down 25.7% | falling |
| 22 | Colombia | 2.3% | 2021 | up 24.0% | falling |
| 23 | Senegal | 2.2% | 2021 | up 71.3% | rising |
| 24 | Kosovo | 2.1% | 2016 | up 60.9% | rising |
| 25 | Romania | 2.1% | 2016 | up 26.9% | rising |
| 26 | Niger | 2.1% | 2021 | down 31.5% | rising |
| 27 | Bulgaria | 2.0% | 2023 | up 29.0% | rising |
| 28 | Greece | 2.0% | 2023 | up 7.1% | falling |
| 29 | Hungary | 1.9% | 2007 | up 95.0% | rising |
| 30 | Mali | 1.9% | 2022 | up 56.6% | rising |
| 30 | Lithuania, Republic of | 1.9% | 2021 | down 5.9% | rising |
| 32 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1.9% | 2022 | up 1.1% | falling |
| 33 | Israel | 1.8% | 2021 | up 16.7% | falling |
| 34 | Chile | 1.7% | 2021 | up 48.7% | rising |
| 35 | Serbia, Republic of | 1.6% | 2022 | up 114.3% | rising |
| 36 | Vietnam | 1.6% | 2020 | down 45.2% | falling |
| 37 | Poland, Republic of | 1.6% | 2019 | down 23.0% | falling |
| 38 | Albania | 1.6% | 2017 | down 30.7% | falling |
| 39 | Portugal | 1.5% | 2022 | down 38.0% | rising |
| 40 | Russian Federation | 1.5% | 2014 | up 114.7% | rising |
| 41 | Sri Lanka | 1.4% | 2016 | down 7.8% | falling |
| 42 | North Macedonia, Republic of | 1.4% | 2020 | up 35.6% | rising |
| 43 | Philippines | 1.4% | 2015 | up 57.3% | rising |
| 44 | Ukraine | 1.3% | 2019 | down 2.9% | falling |
| 45 | Spain | 1.3% | 2023 | up 52.4% | rising |
| 46 | Moldova, Republic of | 1.3% | 2023 | down 52.3% | falling |
| 47 | Montenegro | 1.1% | 2015 | down 41.6% | rising |
| 48 | Switzerland | 1.1% | 2017 | down 24.5% | falling |
| 49 | Kazakhstan, Republic of | 1.1% | 2018 | down 1.9% | rising |
| 50 | Mexico | 1.0% | 2022 | up 103.9% | falling |
| 51 | Estonia, Republic of | 1.0% | 2011 | down 17.2% | rising |
| 52 | Croatia, Republic of | 0.9% | 2010 | up 74.1% | rising |
| 53 | Luxembourg | 0.9% | 2023 | down 14.0% | rising |
| 54 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.9% | 2022 | down 32.1% | falling |
| 55 | Ethiopia, The Federal Democratic Republic of | 0.9% | 2021 | up 45.2% | rising |
| 56 | Malawi | 0.9% | 2019 | up 47.5% | rising |
| 57 | Jamaica | 0.9% | 2021 | down 6.5% | falling |
| 58 | Slovak Republic | 0.8% | 2022 | down 5.6% | flat |
| 59 | Kyrgyz Republic | 0.8% | 2022 | up 75.6% | falling |
| 60 | Bolivia | 0.8% | 2021 | down 38.2% | falling |
| 61 | El Salvador | 0.7% | 2019 | up 131.2% | rising |
| 62 | Indonesia | 0.7% | 2023 | down 32.0% | falling |
| 63 | Türkiye, Republic of | 0.6% | 2016 | down 36.6% | falling |
| 64 | United States | 0.6% | 2023 | down 11.3% | falling |
| 65 | Slovenia, Republic of | 0.5% | 2022 | up 17.5% | falling |
| 66 | Ghana | 0.4% | 2016 | down 55.8% | volatile |
| 67 | South Africa | 0.3% | 2014 | down 52.3% | falling |
| 68 | Bhutan | 0.3% | 2022 | down 53.2% | falling |
| 69 | United Kingdom | 0.3% | 2021 | down 17.6% | rising |
| 70 | Zambia | 0.1% | 2015 | down 88.5% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- East Asia & Pacific 2.9%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 1.3%
- Upper middle income 2.8%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 2.6%
- Low income 2.2%
- Latin America & Caribbean 1.9%
- World 1.9%
- Europe & Central Asia 1.4%
- Lower middle income 1.4%
- South Asia 1.0%
- High income 0.8%
- North America 0.5%
About this data
Proportion of population living in households with positive discretionary budgets that spend all their discretionary budget on out-of-pocket health expenditure. The household discretionary budget is defined as the total household budget, measured by consumption expenditure or income, minus the societal poverty line (SPL). Using 2017 purchasing power parities (PPPs), the SPL corresponds to whichever is greater: $2.15 (the international poverty line) or $1.15 + 50% of median household consumption expenditure or income, excluding out-of-pocket household expenditure on health. Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).