Over-qualification rates by citizenship in Spain

Spain: Over-qualification rates by citizenship was 33.8% in 2025. ▲ Rising

Latest (2025)
33.8%
Change on year
down 2.6%
World rank
2nd
of 36 countries
All-time high
37.1%
in 2018
All-time low
32.1%
in 2010
Years of data
31
1995–2025

Over-qualification rates by citizenship in Spain, 1995–2025

0102030401995201020251995: 33.4 Percentage1996: 32.5 Percentage1997: 32.6 Percentage1998: 33.4 Percentage1999: 34.3 Percentage2000: 34.7 Percentage2001: 33.9 Percentage2002: 34.6 Percentage2003: 35.1 Percentage2004: 33.6 Percentage2005: 35.4 Percentage2006: 35.1 Percentage2007: 34.5 Percentage2008: 33.1 Percentage2009: 32.4 Percentage2010: 32.1 Percentage2011: 34.9 Percentage2012: 35 Percentage2013: 35.2 Percentage2014: 36.3 Percentage2015: 36.9 Percentage2016: 36.4 Percentage2017: 36.7 Percentage2018: 37.1 Percentage2019: 36.4 Percentage2020: 35.5 Percentage2021: 35.8 Percentage2022: 35.8 Percentage2023: 35.6 Percentage2024: 34.7 Percentage2025: 33.8 Percentage

Source: Eurostat. Measured in Percentage.

Analysis

The most recent figure for over-qualification rates by citizenship in Spain is 33.8%, measured in 2025.

Compared with earlier readings it is down 2.6% on the previous year and down 8.4% over ten years.

Over the whole period, over-qualification rates by citizenship in Spain peaked at 37.1% in 2018 and was at its lowest, 32.1%, in 2010.

That places Spain 2nd out of 36 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the top 10%.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 31 years of available data.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 33.2% 32.5% 34.3% 5
2000s 34.2% 32.4% 35.4% 10
2010s 35.7% 32.1% 37.1% 10
2020s 35.2% 33.8% 35.8% 6

Countries ranked near Spain

  1. 1 Türkiye 36.1% compare
  2. 3 Greece 31.2% compare
  3. 4 Cyprus 27.4% compare
  4. 5 Ireland 27.1% compare

See the full ranking of 38 places →

More reference data data for Spain

All data for Spain →

Frequently asked questions

What is over-qualification rates by citizenship in Spain?
Over-qualification rates by citizenship in Spain was 33.8% in 2025, according to Eurostat.
What is the highest over-qualification rates by citizenship recorded in Spain?
The highest recorded value was 37.1% in 2018.
What is the lowest over-qualification rates by citizenship recorded in Spain?
The lowest recorded value was 32.1% in 2010.
How does Spain rank for over-qualification rates by citizenship?
Spain ranks 2nd out of 36 countries with data for 2025.
Is over-qualification rates by citizenship rising or falling in Spain?
Over the last ten years it is down 8.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this Spain data come from?
The figures come from Eurostat, published as part of Over-qualification rates by citizenship. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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CSV · JSON — 31 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Eurostat).

About this data

Indicator
Over-qualification rates by citizenship
Unit
Percentage
Source
Eurostat
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Eurostat)
Coverage
38 places, 1,011 data points, 1995–2025
Last refreshed