Literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index in Low & middle income

Low & middle income: Literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index was 0.9041 GPIA in 2019. ▲ Rising

Latest (2019)
0.9041 GPIA
Change on year
up 0.3%
Rank
19th
of 36 groups
All-time high
0.9041 GPIA
in 2019
All-time low
0.6543 GPIA
in 1975
Years of data
45
1975–2019

Literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index in Low & middle income, 1975–2019

00.20.40.60.811975199720191975: 0.654 GPIA1976: 0.654 GPIA1977: 0.655 GPIA1978: 0.659 GPIA1979: 0.664 GPIA1980: 0.666 GPIA1981: 0.674 GPIA1982: 0.681 GPIA1983: 0.686 GPIA1984: 0.693 GPIA1985: 0.699 GPIA1986: 0.705 GPIA1987: 0.711 GPIA1988: 0.742 GPIA1989: 0.749 GPIA1990: 0.755 GPIA1991: 0.763 GPIA1992: 0.767 GPIA1993: 0.772 GPIA1994: 0.778 GPIA1995: 0.784 GPIA1996: 0.791 GPIA1997: 0.825 GPIA1998: 0.831 GPIA1999: 0.836 GPIA2000: 0.841 GPIA2001: 0.844 GPIA2002: 0.846 GPIA2003: 0.849 GPIA2004: 0.852 GPIA2005: 0.852 GPIA2006: 0.858 GPIA2007: 0.86 GPIA2008: 0.863 GPIA2009: 0.867 GPIA2010: 0.879 GPIA2011: 0.883 GPIA2012: 0.884 GPIA2013: 0.886 GPIA2014: 0.891 GPIA2015: 0.894 GPIA2016: 0.897 GPIA2017: 0.899 GPIA2018: 0.901 GPIA2019: 0.904 GPIA

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in GPIA.

Analysis

The most recent figure for literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index in Low & middle income is 0.9041 GPIA, measured in 2019. That is the highest value across all 45 years on record.

The figure is up 0.3% on the previous year and up 4.3% over ten years.

Over the whole period, literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index in Low & middle income peaked at 0.9041 GPIA in 2019 and was at its lowest, 0.6543 GPIA, in 1975.

That places Low & middle income 19th out of 36 groups with data for 2019, putting it in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 45 years of available data.

Literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index in Low & middle income, year by year

Annual values for Literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) in Low & middle income, 1975 to 2019.
Year GPIA Change
1975 0.6543 GPIA
1976 0.6544 GPIA +0.0%
1977 0.6546 GPIA +0.0%
1978 0.6591 GPIA +0.7%
1979 0.6639 GPIA +0.7%
1980 0.6656 GPIA +0.3%
1981 0.6742 GPIA +1.3%
1982 0.6813 GPIA +1.0%
1983 0.6856 GPIA +0.6%
1984 0.6931 GPIA +1.1%
1985 0.6993 GPIA +0.9%
1986 0.7052 GPIA +0.8%
1987 0.7107 GPIA +0.8%
1988 0.7415 GPIA +4.3%
1989 0.7485 GPIA +0.9%
1990 0.7548 GPIA +0.8%
1991 0.7631 GPIA +1.1%
1992 0.7667 GPIA +0.5%
1993 0.7719 GPIA +0.7%
1994 0.7779 GPIA +0.8%
1995 0.7844 GPIA +0.8%
1996 0.7908 GPIA +0.8%
1997 0.8252 GPIA +4.4%
1998 0.8314 GPIA +0.8%
1999 0.8359 GPIA +0.5%
2000 0.8414 GPIA +0.6%
2001 0.8443 GPIA +0.3%
2002 0.8462 GPIA +0.2%
2003 0.8493 GPIA +0.4%
2004 0.852 GPIA +0.3%
2005 0.8516 GPIA -0.0%
2006 0.8581 GPIA +0.8%
2007 0.8599 GPIA +0.2%
2008 0.8632 GPIA +0.4%
2009 0.867 GPIA +0.4%
2010 0.8793 GPIA +1.4%
2011 0.8828 GPIA +0.4%
2012 0.8841 GPIA +0.2%
2013 0.8858 GPIA +0.2%
2014 0.8907 GPIA +0.6%
2015 0.8937 GPIA +0.3%
2016 0.8967 GPIA +0.3%
2017 0.8993 GPIA +0.3%
2018 0.9014 GPIA +0.2%
2019 0.9041 GPIA +0.3%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1970s 0.6572 GPIA 0.6543 GPIA 0.6639 GPIA 5
1980s 0.7005 GPIA 0.6656 GPIA 0.7485 GPIA 10
1990s 0.7902 GPIA 0.7548 GPIA 0.8359 GPIA 10
2000s 0.8533 GPIA 0.8414 GPIA 0.867 GPIA 10
2010s 0.8918 GPIA 0.8793 GPIA 0.9041 GPIA 10

Countries ranked near Low & middle income

  1. 16 Philippines 1 GPIA compare
  2. 17 Portugal 1 GPIA compare
  3. 18 Tonga 1 GPIA compare
  4. 19 Moldova 1 GPIA compare
  5. 20 Barbados 1 GPIA compare
  6. 20 Uzbekistan 1 GPIA compare
  7. 22 Spain 0.9996 GPIA compare

See the full ranking of 120 places →

More reference data data for Low & middle income

All data for Low & middle income →

Frequently asked questions

What is literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index in Low & middle income?
Literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index in Low & middle income was 0.9041 GPIA in 2019, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
What is the highest literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index recorded in Low & middle income?
The highest recorded value was 0.9041 GPIA in 2019.
What is the lowest literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index recorded in Low & middle income?
The lowest recorded value was 0.6543 GPIA in 1975.
How does Low & middle income rank for literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index?
Low & middle income ranks 19th out of 36 groups with data for 2019.
Is literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index rising or falling in Low & middle income?
Over the last ten years it is up 4.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this Low & middle income data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index in Low & middle income. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 29 August 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/literacy-rate-population-25-64-years-adjusted-gender-parity-index-gpia/low-and-middle-income/

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About this data

Indicator
Literacy rate, population 25-64 years, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA)
Unit
GPIA
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
120 places, 2,155 data points, 1970–2019
Last refreshed

The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/