Institutionalized autocracy by country
Democracy is conceived as three essential, interdependent elements. One is the presence of institutions and procedures through which citizens can express effective preferences about alternative policies and leaders. Second is the existence of institutionalized constraints on the exercise of power by the executive....
What the numbers show
Institutionalized autocracy is currently reported for 51 countries. The highest value is 9 in Eswatini; the lowest is -88 in Tunisia.
The median across all reporting countries is 1, and the mean is -3.08.
Over the past decade 4 countries rose and 17 fell. The largest increase was in Democratic Republic of Congo (up 101.3%), and the largest decrease in Tunisia (down 2,300.0%).
Institutionalized autocracy: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eswatini | 9 | 2011 | unchanged | rising |
| 2 | Eritrea | 7 | 2011 | unchanged | rising |
| 3 | Morocco | 5 | 2011 | down 16.7% | volatile |
| 3 | Equatorial Guinea | 5 | 2011 | unchanged | falling |
| 3 | Gambia | 5 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 3 | Cameroon | 5 | 2011 | unchanged | falling |
| 7 | Angola | 4 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 7 | Rwanda | 4 | 2011 | unchanged | falling |
| 7 | Congo | 4 | 2011 | down 20.0% | volatile |
| 10 | Togo | 3 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 10 | Chad | 3 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 10 | Tanzania | 3 | 2011 | unchanged | falling |
| 10 | Sudan | 3 | 2011 | down 57.1% | volatile |
| 14 | Egypt | 2 | 2011 | down 66.7% | falling |
| 14 | Central African Republic | 2 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 14 | Ethiopia | 2 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 14 | Uganda | 2 | 2011 | down 50.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Mauritania | 2 | 2011 | down 66.7% | falling |
| 14 | Burkina Faso | 2 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 14 | Zimbabwe | 2 | 2011 | down 60.0% | volatile |
| 21 | Sierra Leone | 1 | 2011 | up 101.1% | volatile |
| 21 | Niger | 1 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 21 | Madagascar | 1 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 21 | Burundi | 1 | 2011 | up 101.1% | volatile |
| 21 | Liberia | 1 | 2011 | down 66.7% | volatile |
| 21 | Guinea-Bissau | 1 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 21 | Cote d'Ivoire | 1 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 21 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 1 | 2011 | up 101.3% | volatile |
| 21 | Djibouti | 1 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 21 | Algeria | 1 | 2011 | down 75.0% | falling |
| 21 | Gabon | 1 | 2011 | down 75.0% | volatile |
| 32 | Benin | 0 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 32 | Zambia | 0 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 32 | South Africa | 0 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 32 | Botswana | 0 | 2011 | — | flat |
| 32 | Comoros | 0 | 2011 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 32 | Cape Verde | 0 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 32 | Senegal | 0 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 32 | Nigeria | 0 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 32 | Ghana | 0 | 2011 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 32 | Namibia | 0 | 2011 | — | flat |
| 32 | Malawi | 0 | 2011 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 32 | Mauritius | 0 | 2011 | — | flat |
| 32 | Guinea | 0 | 2011 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 32 | Mozambique | 0 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 32 | Mali | 0 | 2011 | — | volatile |
| 32 | Kenya | 0 | 2011 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 32 | Lesotho | 0 | 2011 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 49 | Somalia | -77 | 2011 | unchanged | volatile |
| 49 | Libya | -77 | 2011 | down 1,200.0% | volatile |
| 51 | Tunisia | -88 | 2011 | down 2,300.0% | volatile |
About this data
Democracy is conceived as three essential, interdependent elements. One is the presence of institutions and procedures through which citizens can express effective preferences about alternative policies and leaders. Second is the existence of institutionalized constraints on the exercise of power by the executive. Third is the guarantee of civil liberties to all citizens in their daily lives and in acts of political participation. Other aspects of plural democracy, such as the rule of law, systems of checks and balances, freedom of the press, and so on are means to, or specific manifestations of, these general principles. We do not include coded data on civil liberties.