Gross national income (GNI) per capita in Madagascar
Madagascar: Gross national income (GNI) per capita was 1,656 international-$ in 2021 prices in 2023. ▼ Falling
Latest (2023)
1,656 international-$ in 2021 prices
Change on year
up 1.9%
World rank
183rd
of 193 countries
All-time high
1,923 international-$ in 2021 prices
in 1990
All-time low
1,493 international-$ in 2021 prices
in 2002
Years of data
34
1990–2023
Gross national income (GNI) per capita in Madagascar, 1990–2023
Source: UNDP, Human Development Report (2025) – with minor processing by Our World in Data. Measured in international-$ in 2021 prices.
Analysis
Madagascar recorded 1,656 international-$ in 2021 prices for gross national income (gni) per capita in 2023.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 1.9% on the previous year and up 4.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross national income (gni) per capita in Madagascar peaked at 1,923 international-$ in 2021 prices in 1990 and was at its lowest, 1,493 international-$ in 2021 prices, in 2002.
That places Madagascar 183rd out of 193 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 34 years of available data.
Gross national income (GNI) per capita in Madagascar, year by year
| Year | international-$ in 2021 prices | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 1,923 international-$ in 2021 prices | — |
| 1991 | 1,735 international-$ in 2021 prices | -9.8% |
| 1992 | 1,720 international-$ in 2021 prices | -0.9% |
| 1993 | 1,707 international-$ in 2021 prices | -0.8% |
| 1994 | 1,642 international-$ in 2021 prices | -3.8% |
| 1995 | 1,619 international-$ in 2021 prices | -1.4% |
| 1996 | 1,618 international-$ in 2021 prices | -0.1% |
| 1997 | 1,629 international-$ in 2021 prices | +0.7% |
| 1998 | 1,644 international-$ in 2021 prices | +0.9% |
| 1999 | 1,675 international-$ in 2021 prices | +1.9% |
| 2000 | 1,703 international-$ in 2021 prices | +1.7% |
| 2001 | 1,755 international-$ in 2021 prices | +3.0% |
| 2002 | 1,493 international-$ in 2021 prices | -14.9% |
| 2003 | 1,592 international-$ in 2021 prices | +6.7% |
| 2004 | 1,633 international-$ in 2021 prices | +2.6% |
| 2005 | 1,650 international-$ in 2021 prices | +1.1% |
| 2006 | 1,685 international-$ in 2021 prices | +2.1% |
| 2007 | 1,754 international-$ in 2021 prices | +4.1% |
| 2008 | 1,819 international-$ in 2021 prices | +3.7% |
| 2009 | 1,687 international-$ in 2021 prices | -7.2% |
| 2010 | 1,644 international-$ in 2021 prices | -2.5% |
| 2011 | 1,623 international-$ in 2021 prices | -1.3% |
| 2012 | 1,603 international-$ in 2021 prices | -1.3% |
| 2013 | 1,592 international-$ in 2021 prices | -0.6% |
| 2014 | 1,615 international-$ in 2021 prices | +1.4% |
| 2015 | 1,604 international-$ in 2021 prices | -0.7% |
| 2016 | 1,619 international-$ in 2021 prices | +1.0% |
| 2017 | 1,658 international-$ in 2021 prices | +2.4% |
| 2018 | 1,663 international-$ in 2021 prices | +0.3% |
| 2019 | 1,692 international-$ in 2021 prices | +1.8% |
| 2020 | 1,547 international-$ in 2021 prices | -8.6% |
| 2021 | 1,613 international-$ in 2021 prices | +4.2% |
| 2022 | 1,625 international-$ in 2021 prices | +0.8% |
| 2023 | 1,656 international-$ in 2021 prices | +1.9% |
Madagascar compared with similar countries
- Madagascar's 1,656 international-$ in 2021 prices is below the median for low income countries, which is 1,731 international-$ in 2021 prices, 96% of the median. (24 countries reporting)
- Madagascar's 1,656 international-$ in 2021 prices is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 3,464 international-$ in 2021 prices, 48% of the median. (48 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 1,691 international-$ in 2021 prices | 1,618 international-$ in 2021 prices | 1,923 international-$ in 2021 prices | 10 |
| 2000s | 1,677 international-$ in 2021 prices | 1,493 international-$ in 2021 prices | 1,819 international-$ in 2021 prices | 10 |
| 2010s | 1,631 international-$ in 2021 prices | 1,592 international-$ in 2021 prices | 1,692 international-$ in 2021 prices | 10 |
| 2020s | 1,610 international-$ in 2021 prices | 1,547 international-$ in 2021 prices | 1,656 international-$ in 2021 prices | 4 |
Countries ranked near Madagascar
- 180 Afghanistan 1,972 international-$ in 2021 prices compare
- 181 Chad 1,748 international-$ in 2021 prices compare
- 182 Sierra Leone 1,714 international-$ in 2021 prices compare
- 184 Malawi 1,634 international-$ in 2021 prices compare
- 185 Niger 1,590 international-$ in 2021 prices compare
- 186 Liberia 1,538 international-$ in 2021 prices compare
More reference data data for Madagascar
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.4459 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 4.82 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 5.9 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 0.4503 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 5.9 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 1.5 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure Management 1.43 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 26.56 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - IPCC Agriculture 32.81 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (N2O) - Crop Residues 2.45 (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross national income (gni) per capita in Madagascar?
- Gross national income (gni) per capita in Madagascar was 1,656 international-$ in 2021 prices in 2023, according to UNDP, Human Development Report (2025) – with minor processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest gross national income (gni) per capita recorded in Madagascar?
- The highest recorded value was 1,923 international-$ in 2021 prices in 1990.
- What is the lowest gross national income (gni) per capita recorded in Madagascar?
- The lowest recorded value was 1,493 international-$ in 2021 prices in 2002.
- How does Madagascar rank for gross national income (gni) per capita?
- Madagascar ranks 183rd out of 193 countries with data for 2023.
- Is gross national income (gni) per capita rising or falling in Madagascar?
- Over the last ten years it is up 4.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Madagascar data come from?
- The figures come from UNDP, Human Development Report (2025) – with minor processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Gross national income (GNI) per capita. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
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About this data
Average income per person earned by residents of a country or region, including income earned abroad. This data is adjusted for inflation and for differences in living costs between countries.