What is free and fair elections in Spain?

Free and fair elections in Spain was 1 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.

What is the highest free and fair elections recorded in Spain?

The highest recorded value was 1 in 1901.

What is the lowest free and fair elections recorded in Spain?

The lowest recorded value was 0 in 1813.

How does Spain rank for free and fair elections?

Spain ranks 1st out of 172 countries with data for 2025.

Is free and fair elections rising or falling in Spain?

Over the last ten years it is unchanged. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.

Where does this Spain data come from?

The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Free and fair elections. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Free and fair elections in Spain

Name: Free and fair elections in Spain
Creator: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
License: CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)

Spain: Free and fair elections was 1 in 2025. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2025)

Change on year

unchanged

World rank

1st

of 172 countries

All-time high

in 1901

All-time low

in 1813

Years of data

179

1813–2025

Free and fair elections in Spain, 1813–2025

Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.

Analysis

Spain recorded 1 for free and fair elections in 2025. That is the highest value across all 179 years on record.

The figure is unchanged over ten years.

Over the whole period, free and fair elections in Spain peaked at 1 in 1901 and was at its lowest, 0, in 1813.

That places Spain 1st out of 172 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the top 10%.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Averages by decade

Decade	Average	Lowest	Highest	Years
1810s	0	0	0	7
1820s	0	0	0	10
1830s	0	0	0	10
1840s	0	0	0	10
1850s	0	0	0	10
1860s	0	0	0	10
1870s	0	0	0	10
1880s	0	0	0	10
1890s	0	0	0	10
1900s	0.9	0	1	10
1910s	1	1	1	10
1920s	0.25	0	1	4
1930s	1	1	1	9
1960s	0	0	0	3
1970s	0.3	0	1	10
1980s	1	1	1	10
1990s	1	1	1	10
2000s	1	1	1	10
2010s	1	1	1	10
2020s	1	1	1	6

Countries ranked near Spain

See the full ranking of 172 places →

More reference data data for Spain

Spring temperature anomalies -0.1449 °C (2026)
Summer temperature anomalies 3.07 °C (2026)
Temperature anomalies by month 0.0798 °C (2026)
Universal right to vote in practice 2 (2025)
Autumn temperature anomalies 0.423 °C (2025)
Winter temperature anomalies 0.3641 °C (2025)
Consumer price index 135.02 2010 = 100 (2025)
Universal right to vote 2 (2025)
Competitive elections 1 (2025)
Men's universal right to vote 1 (2025)

All data for Spain →

Frequently asked questions

What is free and fair elections in Spain?: Free and fair elections in Spain was 1 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
What is the highest free and fair elections recorded in Spain?: The highest recorded value was 1 in 1901.
What is the lowest free and fair elections recorded in Spain?: The lowest recorded value was 0 in 1813.
How does Spain rank for free and fair elections?: Spain ranks 1st out of 172 countries with data for 2025.
Is free and fair elections rising or falling in Spain?: Over the last ten years it is unchanged. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Spain data come from?: The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Free and fair elections. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Download this data

CSV · JSON — 179 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).

About this data

Indicator: Free and fair elections
Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage: 172 places, 17,000 data points, 1789–2025
Last refreshed: 07 August 2026

Central estimate of whether national elections were free and fair or not.