Free and fair elections in Hong Kong
Hong Kong: Free and fair elections was 0 in 2025. ▼ Falling
Latest (2025)
0
World rank
112th
of 172 countries
All-time high
1
in 1991
All-time low
0
in 2021
Years of data
35
1991–2025
Free and fair elections in Hong Kong, 1991–2025
Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
Analysis
In 2025, free and fair elections in Hong Kong stood at 0. That is the lowest value across all 35 years on record.
That represents a change of down 100.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, free and fair elections in Hong Kong peaked at 1 in 1991 and was at its lowest, 0, in 2021.
That places Hong Kong 112th out of 172 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 35 years of available data.
Free and fair elections in Hong Kong, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 1 | — |
| 1992 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 1993 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 1994 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 1995 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 1996 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 1997 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 1998 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 1999 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2000 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2001 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2002 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2003 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2004 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2005 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2006 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2007 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2008 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2009 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2010 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2011 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2012 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2013 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2014 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2015 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2016 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2017 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2018 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2019 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2020 | 1 | +0.0% |
| 2021 | 0 | -100.0% |
| 2022 | 0 | — |
| 2023 | 0 | — |
| 2024 | 0 | — |
| 2025 | 0 | — |
Hong Kong compared with similar countries
- Hong Kong's 0 is below the median for high income countries, which is 1. (53 countries reporting)
- Hong Kong's 0 is below the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 1. (22 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
| 2000s | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| 2010s | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.1667 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
Countries ranked near Hong Kong
- 112 Afghanistan 0 compare
- 112 Algeria 0 compare
- 112 Azerbaijan 0 compare
- 112 Bahrain 0 compare
- 112 Bangladesh 0 compare
- 112 Belarus 0 compare
- 112 Benin 0 compare
- 112 Burundi 0 compare
- 112 Cambodia 0 compare
- 112 Cameroon 0
- 112 Central African Republic 0 compare
- 112 Chad 0 compare
- 112 China 0
- 112 Comoros 0 compare
- 112 Congo 0 compare
- 112 Cote d'Ivoire 0 compare
- 112 Cuba 0 compare
- 112 Democratic Republic of Congo 0 compare
- 112 Djibouti 0
- 112 Egypt 0 compare
- 112 Equatorial Guinea 0 compare
- 112 Eritrea 0
- 112 Eswatini 0 compare
- 112 Ethiopia 0
- 112 Gabon 0 compare
- 112 Georgia 0 compare
- 112 Guinea 0 compare
- 112 Guinea-Bissau 0 compare
- 112 Haiti 0 compare
- 112 Iran 0 compare
- 112 Kazakhstan 0 compare
- 112 Laos 0 compare
- 112 Madagascar 0 compare
- 112 Mauritania 0 compare
- 112 Mozambique 0 compare
- 112 Myanmar 0 compare
- 112 Nicaragua 0 compare
- 112 North Korea 0
- 112 Pakistan 0 compare
- 112 Papua New Guinea 0 compare
- 112 Philippines 0 compare
- 112 Russia 0 compare
- 112 Rwanda 0 compare
- 112 Serbia 0 compare
- 112 Sierra Leone 0 compare
- 112 Somalia 0
- 112 South Sudan 0 compare
- 112 Sudan 0 compare
- 112 Syria 0 compare
- 112 Tajikistan 0 compare
- 112 Tanzania 0 compare
- 112 Tunisia 0 compare
- 112 Turkmenistan 0 compare
- 112 Uganda 0 compare
- 112 United Arab Emirates 0
- 112 Uzbekistan 0 compare
- 112 Venezuela 0 compare
- 112 Vietnam 0
- 112 Yemen 0 compare
- 112 Zimbabwe 0 compare
More reference data data for Hong Kong
- Emission Totals - Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O (AR5) - Crop Residues 0.0002 (1990)
- Emission Totals - Direct emissions (N2O) - Manure applied to Soils 0.0028 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) - Agricultural Soils 7.72 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Direct emissions (N2O) - Agricultural Soils 0.0219 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) - Burning - Crop residues 0 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) - Crop Residues 0.0002 (1990)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) - IPCC Agriculture 20.78 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) - Enteric Fermentation 6.8 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Indirect emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 0.0011 (2050)
- Emission Totals - Direct emissions (N2O) - Manure left on Pasture 0.0041 (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is free and fair elections in Hong Kong?
- Free and fair elections in Hong Kong was 0 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest free and fair elections recorded in Hong Kong?
- The highest recorded value was 1 in 1991.
- What is the lowest free and fair elections recorded in Hong Kong?
- The lowest recorded value was 0 in 2021.
- How does Hong Kong rank for free and fair elections?
- Hong Kong ranks 112th out of 172 countries with data for 2025.
- Is free and fair elections rising or falling in Hong Kong?
- Over the last ten years it is down 100.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Hong Kong data come from?
- The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Free and fair elections. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 35 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Central estimate of whether national elections were free and fair or not.