Statizoid

Free and Fair Elections Index in Spain

Spain: Free and Fair Elections Index was 0.956 in 2025. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2025)
0.956
Change on year
unchanged
World rank
7th
of 176 countries
All-time high
0.974
in 2020
All-time low
0
in 1789
Years of data
237
1789–2025

Free and Fair Elections Index in Spain, 1789–2025

00.20.40.60.81178919072025

Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.

Analysis

Spain recorded 0.956 for free and fair elections index in 2025.

The figure is down 1.0% over ten years.

Over the whole period, free and fair elections index in Spain peaked at 0.974 in 2020 and was at its lowest, 0, in 1789.

Spain ranks 7th of 176 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Free and Fair Elections Index in Spain, year by year

Year Value Change
1789 0 —
1790 0 —
1791 0 —
1792 0 —
1793 0 —
1794 0 —
1795 0 —
1796 0 —
1797 0 —
1798 0 —
1799 0 —
1800 0 —
1801 0 —
1802 0 —
1803 0 —
1804 0 —
1805 0 —
1806 0 —
1807 0 —
1808 0 —
1809 0 —
1810 0 —
1811 0 —
1812 0 —
1813 0.119 —
1814 0.119 +0.0%
1815 0.119 +0.0%
1816 0.119 +0.0%
1817 0.119 +0.0%
1818 0.119 +0.0%
1819 0.119 +0.0%
1820 0.12 +0.8%
1821 0.12 +0.0%
1822 0.121 +0.8%
1823 0.121 +0.0%
1824 0.121 +0.0%
1825 0.121 +0.0%
1826 0.121 +0.0%
1827 0.121 +0.0%
1828 0.121 +0.0%
1829 0.121 +0.0%
1830 0.121 +0.0%
1831 0.121 +0.0%
1832 0.121 +0.0%
1833 0.121 +0.0%
1834 0.12 -0.8%
1835 0.119 -0.8%
1836 0.119 +0.0%
1837 0.119 +0.0%
1838 0.119 +0.0%
1839 0.118 -0.8%
1840 0.117 -0.8%
1841 0.12 +2.6%
1842 0.121 +0.8%
1843 0.117 -3.3%
1844 0.117 +0.0%
1845 0.117 +0.0%
1846 0.117 +0.0%
1847 0.119 +1.7%
1848 0.119 +0.0%
1849 0.119 +0.0%
1850 0.12 +0.8%
1851 0.123 +2.5%
1852 0.123 +0.0%
1853 0.118 -4.1%
1854 0.119 +0.8%
1855 0.121 +1.7%
1856 0.121 +0.0%
1857 0.119 -1.7%
1858 0.119 +0.0%
1859 0.12 +0.8%
1860 0.12 +0.0%
1861 0.12 +0.0%
1862 0.12 +0.0%
1863 0.119 -0.8%
1864 0.118 -0.8%
1865 0.124 +5.1%
1866 0.116 -6.5%
1867 0.119 +2.6%
1868 0.119 +0.0%
1869 0.113 -5.0%
1870 0.113 +0.0%
1871 0.118 +4.4%
1872 0.116 -1.7%
1873 0.115 -0.9%
1874 0.115 +0.0%
1875 0.115 +0.0%
1876 0.122 +6.1%
1877 0.123 +0.8%
1878 0.123 +0.0%
1879 0.121 -1.6%
1880 0.121 +0.0%
1881 0.121 +0.0%
1882 0.121 +0.0%
1883 0.121 +0.0%
1884 0.118 -2.5%
1885 0.117 -0.8%
1886 0.12 +2.6%
1887 0.121 +0.8%
1888 0.121 +0.0%
1889 0.121 +0.0%
1890 0.121 +0.0%
1891 0.144 +19.0%
1892 0.144 +0.0%
1893 0.142 -1.4%
1894 0.128 -9.9%
1895 0.128 +0.0%
1896 0.133 +3.9%
1897 0.135 +1.5%
1898 0.13 -3.7%
1899 0.131 +0.8%
1900 0.131 +0.0%
1901 0.135 +3.1%
1902 0.138 +2.2%
1903 0.142 +2.9%
1904 0.144 +1.4%
1905 0.143 -0.7%
1906 0.141 -1.4%
1907 0.136 -3.5%
1908 0.134 -1.5%
1909 0.134 +0.0%
1910 0.12 -10.4%
1911 0.112 -6.7%
1912 0.112 +0.0%
1913 0.112 +0.0%
1914 0.113 +0.9%
1915 0.113 +0.0%
1916 0.112 -0.9%
1917 0.111 -0.9%
1918 0.109 -1.8%
1919 0.111 +1.8%
1920 0.112 +0.9%
1921 0.118 +5.4%
1922 0.118 +0.0%
1923 0.081 -31.4%
1924 0 -100.0%
1925 0 —
1926 0 —
1927 0 —
1928 0 —
1929 0 —
1930 0 —
1931 0.175 —
1932 0.452 +158.3%
1933 0.45 -0.4%
1934 0.436 -3.1%
1935 0.436 +0.0%
1936 0.435 -0.2%
1937 0.331 -23.9%
1938 0.331 +0.0%
1939 0.081 -75.5%
1940 0 -100.0%
1941 0 —
1942 0 —
1943 0 —
1944 0 —
1945 0 —
1946 0 —
1947 0 —
1948 0 —
1949 0 —
1950 0 —
1951 0 —
1952 0 —
1953 0 —
1954 0 —
1955 0 —
1956 0 —
1957 0 —
1958 0 —
1959 0 —
1960 0 —
1961 0 —
1962 0 —
1963 0 —
1964 0 —
1965 0 —
1966 0 —
1967 0.046 —
1968 0.171 +271.7%
1969 0.171 +0.0%
1970 0.171 +0.0%
1971 0.189 +10.5%
1972 0.242 +28.0%
1973 0.242 +0.0%
1974 0.242 +0.0%
1975 0.242 +0.0%
1976 0.242 +0.0%
1977 0.671 +177.3%
1978 0.852 +27.0%
1979 0.921 +8.1%
1980 0.935 +1.5%
1981 0.935 +0.0%
1982 0.937 +0.2%
1983 0.948 +1.2%
1984 0.948 +0.0%
1985 0.948 +0.0%
1986 0.948 +0.0%
1987 0.953 +0.5%
1988 0.953 +0.0%
1989 0.954 +0.1%
1990 0.955 +0.1%
1991 0.955 +0.0%
1992 0.955 +0.0%
1993 0.953 -0.2%
1994 0.952 -0.1%
1995 0.952 +0.0%
1996 0.952 +0.0%
1997 0.952 +0.0%
1998 0.952 +0.0%
1999 0.952 +0.0%
2000 0.955 +0.3%
2001 0.956 +0.1%
2002 0.956 +0.0%
2003 0.956 +0.0%
2004 0.952 -0.4%
2005 0.951 -0.1%
2006 0.951 +0.0%
2007 0.951 +0.0%
2008 0.965 +1.5%
2009 0.968 +0.3%
2010 0.968 +0.0%
2011 0.968 +0.0%
2012 0.967 -0.1%
2013 0.967 +0.0%
2014 0.967 +0.0%
2015 0.966 -0.1%
2016 0.954 -1.2%
2017 0.956 +0.2%
2018 0.961 +0.5%
2019 0.97 +0.9%
2020 0.974 +0.4%
2021 0.973 -0.1%
2022 0.974 +0.1%
2023 0.964 -1.0%
2024 0.956 -0.8%
2025 0.956 +0.0%

Spain compared with similar countries

  • Spain's 0.956 is above the median for high income countries, which is 0.929, 1.0× the median. (55 countries reporting)
  • Spain's 0.956 is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.8955, 1.1× the median. (48 countries reporting)

Biggest year-on-year movements

Years where Free and Fair Elections Index in Spain changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.

YearChange FromTo
1968 +271.7% 0.046 0.171
1977 +177.3% 0.242 0.671
1932 +158.3% 0.175 0.452
1924 -100.0% 0.081 0
1940 -100.0% 0.081 0
1939 -75.5% 0.331 0.081

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1780s 0 0 0 1
1790s 0 0 0 10
1800s 0 0 0 10
1810s 0.0833 0 0.119 10
1820s 0.1208 0.12 0.121 10
1830s 0.1198 0.118 0.121 10
1840s 0.1183 0.117 0.121 10
1850s 0.1203 0.118 0.123 10
1860s 0.1188 0.113 0.124 10
1870s 0.1181 0.113 0.123 10
1880s 0.1202 0.117 0.121 10
1890s 0.1336 0.121 0.144 10
1900s 0.1378 0.131 0.144 10
1910s 0.1125 0.109 0.12 10
1920s 0.0429 0 0.118 10
1930s 0.3127 0 0.452 10
1940s 0 0 0 10
1950s 0 0 0 10
1960s 0.0388 0 0.171 10
1970s 0.4014 0.171 0.921 10
1980s 0.9459 0.935 0.954 10
1990s 0.953 0.952 0.955 10
2000s 0.9561 0.951 0.968 10
2010s 0.9644 0.954 0.97 10
2020s 0.9662 0.956 0.974 6

Countries ranked near Spain

  1. 4 Denmark 0.961 compare
  2. 4 Finland 0.961 compare
  3. 6 Germany 0.957 compare
  4. 7 Chile 0.956 compare
  5. 9 Netherlands 0.954 compare
  6. 9 New Zealand 0.954 compare

See the full ranking of 176 places →

More reference data data for Spain

All data for Spain →

Frequently asked questions

What is free and fair elections index in Spain?
Free and fair elections index in Spain was 0.956 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
What is the highest free and fair elections index recorded in Spain?
The highest recorded value was 0.974 in 2020.
What is the lowest free and fair elections index recorded in Spain?
The lowest recorded value was 0 in 1789.
How does Spain rank for free and fair elections index?
Spain ranks 7th out of 176 countries with data for 2025.
Is free and fair elections index rising or falling in Spain?
Over the last ten years it is down 1.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Spain data come from?
The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Free and Fair Elections Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Free and Fair Elections Index in Spain. Statizoid, drawing on V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Retrieved 23 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/free-and-fair-elections-index/spain/

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About this data

Indicator
Free and Fair Elections Index
Source
V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
176 places, 30,402 data points, 1789–2025
Last refreshed

Central estimate of the extent to which registration fraud, systematic irregularities, government intimidation of the opposition, vote buying, and election violence are absent, and the election management body is autonomous and has enough staff and resources.