Meaningful democratic electoral institutions by country

Central estimate of whether the country is meaningfully an electoral democracy. This includes the extent to which political leaders are elected under comprehensive suffrage in free and fair elections, and freedoms of association and expression are guaranteed.

Countries reporting
115
Highest
1
Argentina
Lowest
0
Zambia
Median
1
Years covered
237
1789–2025
Data points
29,649

What the numbers show

Meaningful democratic electoral institutions is currently reported for 115 countries. The highest value is 1 in Argentina; the lowest is 0 in Zambia.

The median across all reporting countries is 1, and the mean is 0.7478.

Meaningful democratic electoral institutions: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Argentina 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Armenia 1 2025 volatile
1 Australia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Austria 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Belgium 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Bulgaria 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Bolivia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Brazil 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Barbados 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Bhutan 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Botswana 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Canada 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Switzerland 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Chile 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Colombia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Cape Verde 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Costa Rica 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Cyprus 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Czechia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Germany 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Denmark 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Dominican Republic 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Ecuador 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Spain 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Estonia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Finland 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Fiji 1 2025 volatile
1 France 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 United Kingdom 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Ghana 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Gambia 1 2025 volatile
1 Greece 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Guatemala 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Guyana 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Honduras 1 2025 volatile
1 Croatia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Ireland 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Iceland 1 2025 unchanged rising
1 Israel 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Italy 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Jamaica 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Japan 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Kenya 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 South Korea 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Liberia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Sri Lanka 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Lesotho 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Lithuania 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Luxembourg 1 2025 unchanged rising
1 Latvia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Moldova 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Maldives 1 2025 volatile
1 North Macedonia 1 2025 volatile
1 Malta 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Montenegro 1 2025 volatile
1 Mongolia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Mauritius 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Malawi 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Malaysia 1 2025 volatile
1 Namibia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Nigeria 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Netherlands 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Norway 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Nepal 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 New Zealand 1 2025 unchanged rising
1 Panama 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Peru 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Poland 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Portugal 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Paraguay 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Romania 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Senegal 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Solomon Islands 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Sao Tome and Principe 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Suriname 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Slovakia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Slovenia 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Sweden 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Seychelles 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 East Timor 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Trinidad and Tobago 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Uruguay 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 United States 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Vanuatu 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 South Africa 1 2025 unchanged volatile
1 Taiwan 1 2025 unchanged volatile
87 Albania 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Benin 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Burkina Faso 0 2025 volatile
87 Bangladesh 0 2025 volatile
87 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Belarus 0 2025 volatile
87 Cote d'Ivoire 0 2025 volatile
87 Georgia 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Guinea-Bissau 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Hungary 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Indonesia 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 India 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Libya 0 2025 volatile
87 Madagascar 0 2025 volatile
87 Mexico 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Mali 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Niger 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Nicaragua 0 2025 volatile
87 Philippines 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Papua New Guinea 0 2025 volatile
87 Sierra Leone 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 El Salvador 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Serbia 0 2025 volatile
87 Thailand 0 2025 volatile
87 Tunisia 0 2025 down 100.0% volatile
87 Turkey 0 2025 volatile
87 Ukraine 0 2025 volatile
87 Venezuela 0 2025 volatile
87 Zambia 0 2025 volatile

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Meaningful democratic electoral institutions by country. Statizoid, drawing on V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Retrieved 23 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/democratic-electoral-institutions-row/

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About this data

Indicator
Meaningful democratic electoral institutions
Source
V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
176 places, 29,649 data points, 1789–2025
Last refreshed

Central estimate of whether the country is meaningfully an electoral democracy. This includes the extent to which political leaders are elected under comprehensive suffrage in free and fair elections, and freedoms of association and expression are guaranteed.